Abstract：
:Geographical separation of host species has shaped the avian influenza A virus gene pool into independently evolving Eurasian and American lineages, although phylogenetic evidence for gene flow and reassortment indicates that these lineages also mix on occasion. While the evolutionary dynamics of the avian influenza gene pool have been described, the consequences of gene flow on virus evolution and population structure in this system have not been investigated. Here we show that viral gene flow from Eurasia has led to the replacement of endemic avian influenza viruses in North America, likely through competition for susceptible hosts. This competition is characterized by changes in rates of nucleotide substitution and selection pressures. However, the discontinuous distribution of susceptible hosts may produce long periods of co-circulation of competing virus strains before lineage extinction occurs. These results also suggest that viral competition for host resources may be an important mechanism in disease emergence.
journal_name
Virologyjournal_title
Virologyauthors
Bahl J,Vijaykrishna D,Holmes EC,Smith GJ,Guan Ydoi
10.1016/j.virol.2009.05.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-08-01 00:00:00pages
289-97issue
2eissn
0042-6822issn
1096-0341pii
S0042-6822(09)00287-6journal_volume
390pub_type
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