Abstract：
:It has been proposed that disruption of cholinergic input to the hippocampus and cortex contributes to the learning and memory deficits associated with aging. The data reviewed here, however, suggest that the oft-stated generalization that normal aging is characterized by disruption of cholinergic input to the hippocampus and cortex is not entirely correct. Instead it appears that age-related changes are not consistently found on measures such as the activity of ChAT or the content of ACh in these regions, basal levels of ACh release in cortex, and the number of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain (source of cholinergic input to the hippocampus and cortex). These observations suggest that unlike Alzheimer's disease, normal aging does not reliably produce a degeneration of the cholinergic innervation of the hippocampus and cortex. The responsivity of the cholinergic system, however, is altered during normal aging. ACh synthesis and stimulation-induced release of ACh are diminished in aged animals. Further, the electrophysiological response of postsynaptic neurons to ACh is reduced during aging. Although some regional differences in these age-related changes may be present, the generalization that the functioning of the cholinergic system is impaired during aging is probably accurate. Thus, investigation of these changes in the dynamic properties of cholinergic input to the hippocampus and cortex during aging may provide clarification of the relationship between cholinergic dysfunction and age-related decline in learning and memory and may also provide a more reasonable rationale for treatment approaches.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Decker MWdoi
10.1016/0165-0173(87)90007-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-11-01 00:00:00pages
423-38issue
4eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240journal_volume
434pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:In situ hybridization (ISH) is an essential technique for mapping gene expression in the brain. Although many ISH protocols provide for quantitative analysis of individual mRNAs in different brain regions or across experimental conditions, this technique has lacked the necessary standardization for quantitative compar...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2003.11.069
更新日期：2004-03-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Pupil dilatation (PD) was produced by vaginocervical mechanical stimulation (VCMS) in intact rats, and in rats with spinal cord (SC) transection at level T7 (i.e., above the level of entry into SC of all genitospinal nerves). After transection of SC, bilateral vagotomy abolished PD in response to VCMS, providing evide...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2007.06.104
更新日期：2007-10-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Ingestion of 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) leads to heightened response to sensory stimulation; thus, MDMA is referred to as "ecstasy" because it produces pleasurable enhancement of such sensation. There have been no electrophysiological studies that report the consequences of MDMA on sensory input. The pr...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.048
更新日期：2009-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The therapeutic effects of dextrorphan and ketamine, two non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, on neuropathic pain-related behaviors were examined in rats with peripheral mononeuropathy induced by loose ligation of the common sciatic nerve (chronic constrictive injury, CCI). Four daily intr...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(93)91368-3
更新日期：1993-03-05 00:00:00
abstract：:As measured by extracellular single-cell recording, the responses to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by ATP-sensitive chemoreceptors (ATP cells) on the olfactory organ of the spiny lobster are markedly suppressed by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and to a lesser extent, adenosine, when each is...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(89)90964-5
更新日期：1989-09-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate is a major neurotransmitter in the CNS. Its release activates NMDA and non-NMDA receptors on the postsynaptic membrane. NMDA receptor activation is shown to be important in physiological and pathological events. The modulatory sites on the NMDA receptor-channel ionophore complex are important in the regulati...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01461-3
更新日期：1998-03-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Astrocytes associated with beta-amyloid (Aβ)-deposited senile plaques are a common neuropathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is little doubt that the association of Aβ with the major component in the central nervous system cells significantly influences disease progression, however, the molecular me...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2011.12.062
更新日期：2012-03-02 00:00:00
abstract：:We determined that extracellular potassium ion concentration, [K+]o-induced depolarization, enhances 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced hydroxyl radical (*OH) generation in the rat striatum. Rats were anesthetized, and sodium salicylate in Ringer's solution (0.5 nmol/microl/min) was infused through a micro...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02238-6
更新日期：2000-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of the possible metabolites of taurine--taurocyamine and hypotaurine--and of homotaurine on spike discharge frequency of guinea pig cerebellar Purkinje cells were investigated in comparison with taurine and GABA. Taurocyamine, hypotaurine and homotaurine all dose-dependently suppressed the spike frequency ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(81)90538-2
更新日期：1981-02-16 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to elucidate the mechanisms that PKCγ regulates neuropathic pain (NP), and detect proteins that are associated with the function of PKCγ in NP, we exploited a chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain rat (CCI-NP rat) model in which PKCγ knockdown in the spinal cord was successfully carried o...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2011.12.046
更新日期：2012-02-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Double immunostaining for c-fos and oxytocin (OXY) was used to study the topography and time course of the metabolic activation of the hypothalamic oxytocinergic system upon osmotic stress in the male rat. Animals injected i.p. with hypertonic saline expressed c-fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in the paraventricular (...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(92)91342-c
更新日期：1992-08-14 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of studies describe strain-related differences in the motor behavior of rats. Inbred albino F344 rats are found to be impaired in procedural spatial learning, skilled reaching, and over ground locomotion in relation to pigmented out bred Long Evans (LE) rats. These deficits could be related to the functional ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2004.09.019
更新日期：2004-12-10 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study we found that mesencephalic trigeminal (Mes-V) neurons of the rat are innervated by nitrergic fibers and that nitric oxide (NO) modifies the electrophysiological properties of these cells. Mes-V neurons were surrounded by a network of fibers that contained neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS); th...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(02)03776-9
更新日期：2003-01-17 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously reported that lead (Pb(2+)) exposure results in both presynaptic and postsynaptic changes in developing neurons as a result of inhibition of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). NMDAR inhibition by Pb(2+) during synaptogenesis disrupts downstream trans-synaptic signaling of brain-derived neuro...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2011.12.037
更新日期：2012-02-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Spatial neglect may involve neglect dyslexia resulting in a failure to identify words or parts of words in the contralesional hemispace. The present study explored a well-documented dissociation in neglect dyslexics' word processing, i.e. impaired reading aloud in the presence of good lexical decision performance for ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2007.10.069
更新日期：2008-01-16 00:00:00
abstract：:NMDA receptor activation leads to elevated Ca2+ in cultured rat cortical and retinal ganglion cell neurons. If excessive, this Ca2+ response is associated with delayed neurotoxicity. We used dantrolene and ionomycin to test if the Ca2+ response to NMDA was due to mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ stores rather than m...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(92)90183-a
更新日期：1992-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical (C) kindling by means of repeated spaced injections into the amygdala (AM) of a subconvulsive dose of L-glutamate and L-aspartate combined in a molar ratio of 1:3. (Glu/Asp) produced progressive seizure development culminating in generalized convulsion strikingly similar to electrically kindled Stage 5 seizur...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)90481-1
更新日期：1987-11-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Daily changes in tryptophan-5-hydroxylase (TrH) activity have been studied in six different 5-HT-containing cell groups (B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8,) in the brain stem of rats maintained in a regular cycle of 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness. Significant circadian alternations of TrH activity were observed in most of th...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(77)90647-3
更新日期：1977-03-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Heme oxygenase-carbon monoxide-cGMP (HO-CO-cGMP) pathway has been reported to be involved in peripheral and spinal modulation of inflammatory pain. However, the involvement of this pathway in the modulation of acute painful stimulus in the absence of inflammation remains unknown. Thus, we evaluated the involvement of ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2011.02.044
更新日期：2011-04-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular distribution of the two forms of SERCA2 was examined in adult chicken brain. Four regions of the brain were analyzed with three immunological reagents: a monoclonal antibody that recognizes both forms of SERCA2, and two antisera which are specific for the two alternative forms, SERCA2b or SERCA2a. Cerebellar ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(93)91357-x
更新日期：1993-03-05 00:00:00
abstract：:GABA levels, high affinity GABA uptake and glutamic acid decarboxylase levels are reduced in rat ventroanterolateral thalamic nucleus after destruction of the entopeduncular nucleus with kainic acid. This is strong evidence that GABA is an entopedunculothalamic neurotransmitter. The striatoentopeduncular pathway is al...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(81)90693-4
更新日期：1981-02-23 00:00:00
abstract：:An in vitro preparation was used to determine if rapidly transported radiolabeled protein which is isolated with the myelin fraction of frog sciatic nerves is similar to rapidly transported radiolabeled protein released from sciatic nerves. Sciatic nerves along with their eighth and ninth dorsal root ganglia were plac...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(82)90525-x
更新日期：1982-05-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Noradrenergic and dopaminergic regulation of thyrotropin (TSH) secretion was investigated in adult male Wistar rats. TSH secretion displayed a circadian variation with peak serum TSH levels at 10.00 h. The alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine (250 micrograms/kg, i.p.), was found to cause an enhancement of serum TSH...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)91378-3
更新日期：1987-02-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Treated carbon fiber electrodes were used with differential normal pulse voltammetry (DNPV) for in vivo determination of the relative participation of uric acid (UA) to peak 3 derived between 250-300 mV in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord of anesthetized rats. In vitro, treated carbon fiber electrodes respond linear...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)90584-1
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rab3A is a small GTP-binding synaptic vesicle protein, shown to dissociate from synaptic vesicle membranes upon depolarization-induced exocytosis. Using an antiserum raised against rab3A, we found that the antigen was localized to the neuropil of specific brain regions, but was not present in major fiber tracts or mos...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(92)91087-u
更新日期：1992-09-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Ongoing electrical activity was recorded from the axons of neurosecretory cells from the brain of 5th instar Rhodnius prolixus throughout the moulting cycle. Dramatic changes in both the frequency and pattern of electrical activity occur at specific times during the cycle, enabling the timing of release of neurohormon...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(80)90314-5
更新日期：1980-06-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Repeated doses of estradiol benzoate (10 micrograms/kg, s.c., once a day for 2, 5 or 8 days) to male rats decreased gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity in substantia nigra (SN) but failed to change these parameters in hippocampus, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, lateral septu...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)90404-4
更新日期：1985-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Murine urocortin 3 (mUcn 3), a member of the corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) peptide family, was recently identified. Of known agonists, this neuropeptide displays the highest degree of selectivity in binding to the CRF(2) receptor. These experiments sought to test the hypothesis that CRF(2) receptors have a role...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02971-8
更新日期：2003-08-08 00:00:00
abstract：:An in vitro method has been developed to determine quantitatively the permeability of the perineurium to radiotracers at room temperature. The permeability to [14C]sucrose of the isolated perineurium of the sciatic nerve of the frog, Rana pipiens, was measured at rest length, when the perineurium was stretched and aft...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(79)90244-0
更新日期：1979-09-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Dipiperidinoethane (DPE) administration produces seizures and CNS lesions. Here we elucidate the cholinergic origin of DPE toxicity. DPE is both an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor and a muscarinic antagonist. This dual action negates most of the toxic effects of the compound in vivo. The neurotoxicity is believe...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)90728-0
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
