Abstract：
:Cocaine alters brain function from the early days of development throughout the entire life of an individual. Since the first preclinical research on cocaine sensitization was published, sex differences in response to the drug in adult rats have been noted. With the appearance of reports on "crack babies" during the 1980s, sex differences in response to prenatal (developmental) exposure have been identified in both clinical and preclinical reports. Cocaine administered during early development in the rat produces wide-spread alterations in function which depend on the timing of drug administration as well as the sex of the animal. In males, the response patterns following postnatal days (PND) 11-20 cocaine administration (equivalent to the late prenatal period in humans) are quite similar to those seen following prenatal exposure (equivalent to the first half of pregnancy in humans). There is a general decrease in dopaminergic (DA) markers and reactivity perhaps due to the uncoupling of the D1 receptor from its second messenger system. While similar changes in D1 uncoupling are seen in females, behavioral and metabolic responses to drug challenges generally show increases in DA responsivity (except adolescents) perhaps due to the activational effects of estrogen and/or decreases in serotonin (5-HT) mediated regulation of DA function. We have found that a significant factor in the hyper-responsivity of the female is the role of the testing environment and the responses to stress which can obscure underlying neurochemical dysregulation. Whether parallel factors are operational in adult males and females is currently under investigation.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Dow-Edwards Ddoi
10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.12.017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-06-01 00:00:00pages
208-15issue
3eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
S0031-9384(09)00403-Xjournal_volume
100pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We have designed software for an Apple II GS microcomputer allowing simultaneous on-line monitoring of blood glucose level and neuronal firing frequency in experimental rats. Blood glucose level in the carotid blood was continuously measured by a glucose analyzer and digitized through an A/D board. The firing rate of ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90285-n
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is strong evidence from animal studies that prenatal stress has different effects on male and female offspring. In general, although not always, prenatal stress increases anxiety, depression and stress responses, both hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and cardiovascular, in female offspring rather than in male. Mal...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.02.011
更新日期：2012-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The present report explored firstly how palatability modified the effects of energy density (ED) on short-term food intake and changes in rated appetite within a single test meal, and secondly how repeated consumption altered these relationships. Experiment 1 contrasted disguised high (HED) and low (LED) versions of a...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.08.019
更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Motor activity of infant rat pups was measured continuously between days 3 and 18 of postnatal age. Mother-reared rats on a 12:12 LD cycle exhibited significant rhythmic activity in the circadian range as early as day 5 of postnatal age. Some of the pups reared in isolation from maternal and sibling contact and kept o...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90006-0
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We tested whether cyclic estradiol treatment, like continuous estradiol treatment, is sufficient to normalize meal size and body weight in ovariectomized rats. In Experiment 1, adult Long-Evans rats were ovariectomized and subcutaneously injected with 0, 0.2, or 2.0 microg estradiol benzoate (EB) in sesame oil each Tu...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00060-8
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For male guinea pigs, the social rearing conditions are crucial for the course of social interactions and endocrine stress responses in later life. While colony-reared males adjust easily to new social situations, high levels of aggression and extreme endocrine responses are found in males that were raised in pairs [P...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(03)00228-2
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animals living in temperate regions prepare for harsh winter conditions by responding to environmental cues that signal resource availability (e.g., food, day length). Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) breed in long, summer-like days (LD, >14h light), i.e., photoperiods, and undergo robust gonadal regression and b...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.09.023
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prior research has noted a relationship between an individual's height in adolescence and their personality development later in life. This study examined whether height in adolescence--net of possible confounding variables such as age and biological maturity--predicted polydrug use in adolescence and young adulthood....
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.09.013
更新日期：2012-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of protein, carbohydrate and fat ingestion on self-rated mood and subsequent food intake was investigated using self-reports of spontaneous food intake. Eight male and 30 female undergraduate students were instructed to list everything they ate, when they ate it, and their mood at the time of ingestion. They ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90154-5
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent research has analyzed how individual characteristics, like the exposure to different hormones and symmetry, affect decision-making and strategic behaviour. The present article investigates the effect of symmetry, of exposure to testosterone (T) in utero and during puberty and of current T on cooperation in a Pr...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.11.013
更新日期：2010-03-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Early Pb exposure is known to disrupt the development of the hippocampus and result in deficits in learning and memory capacities and altered seizure susceptibility. The excitatory amino acid, NMDA, is found in high concentrations in the hippocampus and has been implicated in learning and memory functions and seizure ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90398-l
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of kissing on allergen-induced skin wheal responses and plasma neurotrophin levels were studied in 30 normal subjects, 30 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), and 30 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). All of the patients with AR or AD are allergic to house dust mite (HDM) and Japanese cedar pollen (JCP)...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2003.09.004
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Predation of manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) by swimming crabs (Portunus trituberculatus) and Japanese stone crabs (Charybdis japonica) was compared in the laboratory under different starvation regimes by a video recording analysis system, and the mechanism of foraging behavior differences between them combined...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.07.011
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously reported that the opioid receptor blocker, naloxone, is less effective in reducing palatable food intake in offspring exposed to a maternal cafeteria diet during the perinatal period, implicating a desensitization of the central opioid pathway in the programming of food preferences. The present stud...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.04.007
更新日期：2014-06-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Currently, two gaps exist in the study of early stress response caused by maternal separation (MS) in rodents. Firstly, the influence of brief maternal separation (less than 1 hour) on physiological and behavioral development of offspring is still largely unexplored despite its fundamental and applied value. Secondly,...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112877
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats with lesions of the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (DMN-L) are hypophagic and have reduced linear growth and body weight, but normal body composition. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (170-190 g) housed individually under a 12:12 L:D schedule with lights out at 1430 hr received jugular cannulas, and on return to...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90268-0
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists, yohimbine, idazoxan, and imiloxan, all shown to have stimulatory effects on sexual arousal/motivation, were studied to identify their possible effects on the other two major components of male copulatory behavior: erection and ejaculation. Genital reflex ex copula tests were use...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90124-7
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Taste expectations can influence taste evaluations. It is not known, however, whether the environmental cues that influence taste expectations--such as suggestible names and brand labels--can have a referred impact on the intake volume of companion foods. Adult diners who ordered a prix-fixe restaurant meal were given...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.12.010
更新日期：2007-04-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A) and corticosterone (CS) concentrations were determined simultaneously in permanently heart-cannulated rats before and during the performance of reinforced and nonreinforced (extinguished) operant behavior. Shortly before the experimental food-reinforced (VI 15-sec schedule) le...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(90)90079-j
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osmoregulatory mechanisms can be vulnerable to electrolyte and/or endocrine environmental changes during the perinatal period, differentially programming the developing offspring and affecting them even in adulthood. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether availability of hypertonic sodium solution during the pe...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.11.015
更新日期：2012-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:A technique for recording single unit activity in the active rat with microelectrodes is described. The microdrive used is small and light enough to be carried in a well that is chronically implanted on the head of the rat. The device permits standard microelectrodes to be lowered without rotation, a feature which red...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(77)90296-7
更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inner ear is critical for the development of motion sickness (MS). The present work was designed to test the role of aquaporins (AQPs) in inner ear in MS. After repetitive stimulus of rotation, the MS symptom was steadily alleviated in mice. After repetitive stimulus of rotation, several AQPs mRNA levels including AQP...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.07.031
更新日期：2011-10-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on sex, rats were randomly assigned to either an enriched or standard environment for 30 days prior to behavioral testing. The predator stress testing consisted of placing the rat in a cat avoidance apparatus so that the rat's behavioral response to a natural stressor, the cat, could be assessed. The rats were s...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(94)90197-x
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the relationship between perceived bitterness, food disgust sensitivity, and sex. Participants completed the 8-item Food Disgust Scale and a 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) taster test and were categorised as PROP non-tasters, medium-tasters, or supertasters. An analysis of variance of between-subject fact...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.02.036
更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuropeptide galanin is widely distributed throughout the central nervous system with multiple and diverse biological functions mediated by different receptor subtypes. In the rat, galanin-like immunoreactivity is expressed in a population of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) neurons in the dorsal raphe with e...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.022
更新日期：2007-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Feather pecking in laying hens is a serious behavioral problem and is often associated with feather eating. There is some evidence that ingested feathers affect gut function. The aim of the present study was to explore whether differences in intestinal microbial metabolites in laying hens with high and low levels of r...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.12.017
更新日期：2013-02-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats living in a laboratory foraging paradigm began each meal by bar pressing to procure access to food and then could eat any amount. In different conditions the procurement price changed from low (10 bar presses) to high (200 or 400 bar presses) every ten days, five days, or one day, or on schedules of one-day-low/t...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(94)00194-a
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although drug-induced rotational behavior has conventionally been used for the assessment of functional asymmetry in 6-hydroxydopamine (OHDA)-lesioned rats, a pure behavioral test that can evaluate animals with dose-dependent lesions of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system in a drug-free state may better reflect a mo...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.04.005
更新日期：2004-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Freshly cooked chicken broth was prepared with several concentrations (0.06-0.32 M) of added NaCl. In the first study, subjects were presented with pairs of samples, each having the same concentration of NaCl (salt) but one of which contained 0.01 M monosodium glutamate (MSG). The subjects preferred the sample with ad...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00160-7
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An experimental model was developed to measure various behavioral and physiological parameters in a laboratory paradigm mimicking phase shifts that could occur in time-zone transitions and shift work rotas. Volunteers were exposed to 9-h pulses of bright light (1,200 lx) as follows: day (D)1: 1800-0300 h, D2: 2100-060...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)02147-7
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
