Influence of environmental enrichment and sex on predator stress response in rats.

abstract：:Male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats with dorsomedial hypothalamic lesions (DMNL rats) primarily destroying the dorosomedial hypothalamic nuclei (DMN) showed significant hypophagia on lab chow chunks compared to sham-operated controls. When given a choice between lab chow in the form of chunks or powder, both controls an...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Bernardis LL,Bellinger LL

更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:is well established that, on the anterior tongue, thresholds for chemical tastants are inversely related to the number of fungiform papillae. However, it is not known whether this is the case for thresholds to electrical currents presented to the lingual surface. In this study, electrical thresholds for 16 subjects we...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Miller SL,Mirza N,Doty RL

更新日期：2002-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies reported recently have shown that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) a cytokine released by macrophages and monocytes plays a key role in inflammatory processes and immune and neuro-endocrine regulation. TNF-alpha is also produced in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the role of this cytokine in ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Fiore M,Alleva E,Probert L,Kollias G,Angelucci F,Aloe L

更新日期：1998-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex hormones have been reported to dynamically modulate the expression of implicit motives, a concept that has previously been thought to be relatively stable over time. This study investigates to what extent the need for affiliation, power, and achievement, as well as the form of enactment of these needs as measured ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Ball A,Wolf CC,Ocklenburg S,Brüne M,Wolf OT,Güntürkün O,Pinnow M

更新日期：2014-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Flavor-nutrient learning occurs when the post-ingestive consequences of a food are associated with its flavor. As a signal of the food's energy density, flavor-nutrient associations have the potential to contribute to the regulation of meal size. While all calorie sources (fat, carbohydrate, protein, ethanol) can supp...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Revelle CH,Warwick ZS

更新日期：2009-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypothyroidal rats produced by low iodine diet or propylthiouracyl (PTU) were less active in the open field and received fewer food reinforcements than controls in a lever press situation at both 22 degrees C and 1 degree C. The hypothyroid rats also pressed less when heat was the reinforcer. On the other hand, hypert...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Rial RV,Tur JA,Palmer AM,Tur J

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasma corticosteroid circadian periodicity was determined in three groups of individual adult male rats. Categories were: post-subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, sham-operated, and controls. Blood was sampled every 4 hours over a 48-hour period with ad lib feeding and after a 13-day period on daytime (0930--1330) restriction...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Moreira AC,Krieger DT

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Administration of the opioid agonist, morphine (1 and 10 mg X kg-1), resulted in significant, dose-dependent increases in the ingestive responses of food-deprived slugs, Limax maximus, and in the initiation of feeding in satiated animals. These effects could be blocked by the opiate antagonist, naloxone (1 mg kg-1), w...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Kavaliers M,Hirst M,Teskey GC

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male reproductive effort is often strongly related to levels of the steroid hormone testosterone. However, little research has examined whether levels of testosterone throughout development might be tied to individual or species differences in the reproductive strategies pursued by adult males. Here, we tested the hyp...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Wobber V,Hare B,Lipson S,Wrangham R,Ellison P

更新日期：2013-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Restoration of memory by pretest reminder treatments following ECS-induced amnesia in principle could be mediated by nonassociative arousal and/or reactivation of information by the reminder stimuli. In the present research, arousal value of the reminder treatment was largely a function of the novelty of the context i...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Brown AM,Sissman M,Kasprow WJ,Miller RR

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study determined whether liking and relative reinforcing value (RRV) of physical activity were associated with time youth spend in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Boys (n=21) and girls (n=15) age 8 to 12 years were measured for height, weight, aerobic fitness, liking and RRV of physical activity, a...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Roemmich JN,Barkley JE,Lobarinas CL,Foster JH,White TM,Epstein LH

更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Enkephalins facilitate female reproductive behavior. Within the limbic system and hypothalamus, estrogen induced the expression of preproenkephalin (PPE) mRNA. Estrogen injection caused a biphasic increase in the PPE mRNA levels within the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus and posterodorsal medial amygdala. The first ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Sinchak K,Eckersell C,Quezada V,Norell A,Micevych P

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cranially mounted differential preamplifiers allowed visual unit activity, EEGs and sustained potential shifts to be monitored from the tectum of freely moving toads (Bufo bufo). Alert behavior was elicited by a moving visual stimulus. Movement of the stimulus in the receptive field of a unit elicited its activity and...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Laming PR,Borchers HW,Ewert JP

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twelve normal male subjects were given low- (16.77 kj/kg) and high- (54.49 kj/kg) calorie liquid carbohydrate lunch meals on 4 days, during which measures of sleep EEG, thermogenesis (heat production), core body temperature, and skin surface temperature were obtained. On 2 days subjects were required to remain awake, ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Zammit GK,Ackerman SH,Shindledecker R,Fauci M,Smith GP

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental enrichment is intended to improve the welfare of laboratory animals. However, regarding male mice, numerous studies indicate an increase in aggressive behavior due to cage structuring. On the one hand, this might be a problem concerning animal welfare. On the other hand, enrichment is though to hamper en...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Marashi V,Barnekow A,Sachser N

更新日期：2004-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK) are endogenous neuropeptides known to inhibit intake of alcohol. Although both peptides are released by alcohol consumption and are hypothesized to satiate alcohol intake, their interaction has not been examined. We deprived ad-lib-fed male (n=6...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Kulkosky PJ,Wise VJ,Brandt SS,Chavez KJ

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Darwinian fitness reflects trade-offs between reproduction and survival. Mechanisms have evolved in small nontropical mammals and birds to maximize reproductive output during the summer when thermoregulatory demands are relatively low and food is abundant and to shunt energy to processes that presumably increase the o...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Workman JL,DeWitt SJ,Fonken LK,Nelson RJ

更新日期：2010-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of temperature and food availability on social bonds and group formation are poorly understood. Because seasonal transitions in female social behavior facilitate the assembly of winter groups in meadow voles, we explored the role of same-sex female associations in winter sociality. To examine the effects o...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Ondrasek NR,Wade A,Burkhard T,Hsu K,Nguyen T,Post J,Zucker I

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A wide range of data in the literature suggests that environmental enrichment has beneficial effects on various cognitive parameters in rodents. However, the magnitude of these effects and their persistence after the cessation of enrichment vary markedly across studies, with the use of different enrichment protocols p...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Amaral OB,Vargas RS,Hansel G,Izquierdo I,Souza DO

更新日期：2008-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Male rats were punished (0.6 mA/2 sec) for entering the shock compartment of a passive avoidance chamber. Twenty four hours later they were returned to the apparatus and confined to the grid floor of the shock compartment for 5 min (forced exposure). The bradycardic response found in control rats during forced exposur...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Hagan JJ,Bohus B

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early overnutrition disrupts leptin sensitivity and the development of hypothalamic pathways involved in the regulation of metabolism and feeding behavior. While previous studies have largely focused on the development of neuronal projections, few studies have examined the impact of early nutrition on hypothalamic syn...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Roberts BL,Bennett CM,Carroll JM,Lindsley SR,Kievit P

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies indicate that gestational exercise practice positively impacts the offspring's cognition. Nevertheless, the influence of maternal resistance exercise, different periods of exercise practice, and the inter- and transgenerational effects involved in these responses are not known. This study sought to report the ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Meireles ALF,Segabinazi E,Spindler C,Gasperini NF,Souza Dos Santos A,Pochmann D,Elsner VR,Marcuzzo S

更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Timing of eating is recognized as a significant contributor to body weight regulation. Disruption of sleep-wake cycles from a predominantly diurnal (daytime) to a delayed (evening) lifestyle leads to altered circadian rhythms and metabolic dysfunction. This article reviews current evidence for timed and delayed eating...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Allison KC,Goel N

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of protein, carbohydrate and fat ingestion on self-rated mood and subsequent food intake was investigated using self-reports of spontaneous food intake. Eight male and 30 female undergraduate students were instructed to list everything they ate, when they ate it, and their mood at the time of ingestion. They ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： de Castro JM

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sensation of thirst plays an important role in the consumption of water or other fluids to rehydrate the body in order to keep bodily functions working properly. An increase in saliva secretion, wetting the mouth by ingestion of liquids, and cooling and sour components in products can alleviate this sensation alre...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： van Belzen L,Postma EM,Boesveldt S

更新日期：2017-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Many clinical studies show that a sizeable proportion of male alcoholics are also inclined to act violently and aggressively. Given this association in humans, we asked whether a relationship exists between ethanol intake and aggressive behaviour in laboratory rats. In a first test of the hypothesis, we measured ethan...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Bergvall AH,Fahlke C,Jönsson L,Hansen S

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic stress during adolescence is related to increased prevalence of anxiety disorders and alcohol use disorders in humans. This phenotype has been consistently recapitulated in animal models with male subjects, but models using female subjects are fewer. The aim of these studies was to test the hypothesis that chr...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Roeckner AR,Bowling A,Butler TR

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pigeons were exposed to complex fixed-ratio schedules to assess whether the temporal location of schedule-induced attack was controlled by the discriminative properties of food or by the aversive aftereffects of food withdrawal. When exposed to a multiple fixed-ratio 25 fixed-ratio N schedule in which either fixed-rat...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Flory RK,Blosser SL

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between consumption of a confectionery snack after an overnight fast and cognitive function was examined using a variety of cognitive tasks, including spatial memory, verbal memory, attention, visual perception and short-term memory, in a sample of 21 boys, ages 9-12 years. Performance on the vigilanc...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Busch CR,Taylor HA,Kanarek RB,Holcomb PJ

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sensory properties of foods and beverages are primary determinants of food choice. Some flavor components have an inherent hedonic valence that influences ingestive behavior. However, these hedonic impressions may be modified and others newly formed through their association with the post-ingestive consequences of...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Mattes RD

更新日期：2012-11-05 00:00:00