Abstract:
:Male rats were punished (0.6 mA/2 sec) for entering the shock compartment of a passive avoidance chamber. Twenty four hours later they were returned to the apparatus and confined to the grid floor of the shock compartment for 5 min (forced exposure). The bradycardic response found in control rats during forced exposure was not altered by either alpha-endorphin (beta-LPH 61-76) or (des-tyrl)-alpha-endorphin (beta-LPH 62-76) (1.5 micrograms/rat) injected subcutaneously 60 min prior to forced exposure. In contrast (des-tyrl)-gamma-endorphin (beta-LPH 62-77) (1.5 micrograms/rat/SC) enhanced the bradycardic response of shocked rats during forced exposure without altering heart rate in non-shocked rats. (Des-tyrl)-gamma-endorphin did not affect the rats' bradycardic response to a sudden reduction in background noise. The results conform to a pattern whereby C-terminal beta-LPH fragments may be distinguished in a number of behavioural tests and show that (des-tyrl)-gamma-endorphin treatment facilitates the rat's cardiac response to aversive but not novel experiences.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Hagan JJ,Bohus Bsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-11-01 00:00:00pages
607-14issue
5eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xjournal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Plasma noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A) and corticosterone (CS) concentrations were determined simultaneously in permanently heart-cannulated rats before and during the performance of reinforced and nonreinforced (extinguished) operant behavior. Shortly before the experimental food-reinforced (VI 15-sec schedule) le...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(90)90079-j
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the serum levels of calcitonin (CT), calcium (Ca), and thyroxine (Ti) in lean (?/+) and fatty (fa/fa) male Zucker rats 10 weeks and 10-12 months of age. The most dramatic finding was a high level of serum CT (3.24 +/- 1.18 ng/ml) in young fatties whereas sera from young leans were all below the limit of ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(83)90099-9
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sjogren's Syndrome (SS) patients have impaired salivary gland function and an elevated frequency of oral complaints. The taste complaints are thought to be due to sensory deficits that arise in the absence of sufficient saliva to maintain taste receptors. We assessed the subjective complaints, salivary production and ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(94)00211-m
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lean, preweanling Zucker rat pups increase neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in response to a 24-h deprivation of food, water, and maternal interaction as early as postnatal day 2 (P2). In this study, we examined if replacing nutritive or tactile aspects of maternal behavior to depriv...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00644-3
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats injected with lithium chloride after exposure to a taste or olfactory stimulus learn stronger aversions to these cues if the drug is administered in two small injections 35 min apart than if all of the drug is given in a single injection. This facilitation of conditioning produced by distribution of the drug unco...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(79)90203-8
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-four-hour recordings of electrophysiological correlates of the sleep-waking cycle in the rat were performed during different stages of cuff pedestal treatment. It was found that rats adapted to live on pedestals with the cuff raised displayed undisturbed patterns of sleep and wakefulness. Lowering the cuff for ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(84)90283-x
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::If levels of fatty acids like oleate and octanoate are directly sensed through different fatty acid (FA) sensing systems in hypothalamus of rainbow trout, intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of FA should elicit effects similar to those previously observed after intraperitoneal (IP) treatment. Accordingly, we ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.02.061
更新日期:2014-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::The EMG, ECG and the behavioral activity of seven rats were recorded for three days previous to and 24 hours after lesioning both caudate-putamen complexes. Following the lesion, the paradoxical sleep stage lengthened by about 248%, without noticeable changes in the slow wave sleep or in the waking stages. The greates...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(75)90133-x
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior to the introduction of sham feeding as a method for studying the controls of meal size, the dominant view was that gustatory stimulation activated the ingestion of palatable diets and postingestional stimulation inhibited it. Early sham feeding studies with rats challenged this view because they showed that, con...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.03.028
更新日期:2009-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::Animals living in groups compete for food resources and face food conflicts. These conflicts are affected by social factors (e.g. competition level) and behavioural strategies (e.g. avoidance). This study aimed to deepen our understanding of the complex interactions between social factors and behavioural strategies af...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.04.032
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied changes in the palatability and gustatory functions as they correlate with the menstrual cycle in 30 healthy females with regular menstrual cycles. The gustatory function was investigated by conducting electrogustometry and by the filter-paper disk method with taste solutions in the follicular and luteal ph...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00307-2
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual information processing was investigated in the inferotemporal cortical (ITCx)-amygdalar (AM)-lateral hypothalamic (LHA) axis which contributes to food-nonfood discrimination. Neuronal activity was recorded from monkey AM and LHA during discrimination of sensory stimuli including sight of food or nonfood. The ta...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(89)90149-2
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were instrumented with arterial catheters and directional-pulsed Doppler flow probes for assessment of blood pressure, heart rate, and blood flow in the renal, mesenteric, and hindquarter vascular beds. Subjects were tested in an intermittent shock procedure under paired and isolated social conditions and the car...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(89)90198-4
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies in human infants, rabbits, and rats have shown that states of sleep and wakefulness can be reliably identified from motility signals produced by respiration and body movement. Thoman has described a computer-scoring algorithm for automated scoring of behavioral states from motility signals in human in...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(93)90110-2
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence suggests that animals are selected to make accurate choices and prioritize goals within the constraints of a given social environment to maximize fitness. These decisions are mostly based on complex processes in which value is linked to reward and cues may carry variable incentive salience. However, the level...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.11.028
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed at investigating the effects of modulators of acetylcholine-muscarinic (ACh-M) and GABAA.B-receptors in the lateral hypothalamus and ventral tegmentum on the electrical self-stimulation evoked from these regions. In each Wistar rat, a bipolar electrode and an ipsilateral insulated cannula-cum-electrod...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(96)00452-0
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Triacylglycerols of varying chain lengths were tested for their effects on food intake in fasted Single-Comb White Leghorn cockerels 9-12 weeks of age. Tributyrin, tricaprylin, triolein, or saline were intubated intragastrically or infused intrahepatically. All triacylglycerol administrations were in 10 ml volumes wit...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(92)90300-q
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Binge eating disorders are characterized by discrete episodes of rapid and excessive food consumption. In rats, giving intermittent access to sweet fat food mimics this aspect of binge eating. These models typically employ solid food; however, the total amount consumed depends on motivation, palatability and satiety, ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.03.005
更新日期:2013-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Feather pecking in laying hens is a serious behavioral problem and is often associated with feather eating. There is some evidence that ingested feathers affect gut function. The aim of the present study was to explore whether differences in intestinal microbial metabolites in laying hens with high and low levels of r...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.12.017
更新日期:2013-02-17 00:00:00
abstract::Pain in neonates is associated with short and long-term adverse outcomes. Data demonstrated that long-term consequences of untreated pain are linked to the plasticity of the neonate's brain. Sucrose is effective and safe for reducing painful procedures from single events. However, the mechanism of sucrose-induced anal...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.06.015
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adult suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) express neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) that carries polysialic acid (PSA), a carbohydrate polymer which controls plastic cell-cell interactions in neural tissues. Expression of the three major isoforms of NCAM [180 (principal PSA carrier), 140, and 120 kDa) varies with deve...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00468-1
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of temperature and food availability on social bonds and group formation are poorly understood. Because seasonal transitions in female social behavior facilitate the assembly of winter groups in meadow voles, we explored the role of same-sex female associations in winter sociality. To examine the effects o...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.12.021
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptin regulates energy homeostasis and reproduction. One key population of leptin receptors (Lepr) are found on proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, and evidence links the action of gonadal estrogens to these same POMC neurons. To determine whether Lepr on POMC neurons are critical ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.02.018
更新日期:2010-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of a hypothalamic ventromedial area lesion on energy balance were tested in exercising rats and in sedentary rats to add further information about the type of obesity developed after ventromedial lesion. Four groups of six male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Group 1: sham-lesioned and sedentary rats, which...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(93)90324-9
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Micrencephalic offspring produced by gestational treatment with the antimitotic compound/methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) are remarkable for substantial preservation of function concurrent with severe neural stunting. Altered behaviors in these micrencephalics, including light shyness and response perseveration, are ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(95)00154-b
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predation of manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) by swimming crabs (Portunus trituberculatus) and Japanese stone crabs (Charybdis japonica) was compared in the laboratory under different starvation regimes by a video recording analysis system, and the mechanism of foraging behavior differences between them combined...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.07.011
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To seek insights into the relationship between chewing, appetite, food intake and gut hormones, and to consider potentially useful recommendations to promote benefits of chewing for weight management. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Papers were obtained from two electronic databases (Medline and Cochrane), from searc...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.07.017
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to explore interactions between coping style and diet as risk factors for developing insulin resistance in rats. We hypothesized that rats characterized by a passive coping strategy are more susceptible for developing insulin resistance and visceral obesity than proactively coping rats, parti...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.04.007
更新日期:2010-06-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Appetite regulating properties of foods are usually investigated under laboratory conditions, whereas in real life, foods are consumed under at home conditions. The objective of this study was to compare the acute effects of breakfasts when tested in a laboratory condition and in an at home condition. Appeti...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.024
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thermoregulatory behavior and feeding status are strongly related in ectotherms. A trade-off between maintenance of energy balance and digestion efficiency has been recently proposed to affect thermoregulation in these animals. On the other hand, competition for basking sites has been described between Iberian turtles...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.12.020
更新日期:2012-03-20 00:00:00