Abstract：
:The relationship between consumption of a confectionery snack after an overnight fast and cognitive function was examined using a variety of cognitive tasks, including spatial memory, verbal memory, attention, visual perception and short-term memory, in a sample of 21 boys, ages 9-12 years. Performance on the vigilance attention task was significantly improved when the participants consumed a confectionery snack compared to consumption of a noncalorie snack. Participants had significantly higher hit rates and significantly lower miss rates after the confectionery snack. In addition, false alarm rates increased as a function of time for the placebo condition and decreased for the confectionery condition. Thus, the confectionery snack enhanced ability to stay on task for an extended period of time, enabling the children to more accurately identify target information, as well as correctly reject nontarget information. Analysis of the types of errors made also revealed that when the children were in the confectionery condition they were less likely to make more glaring errors. No significant differences were found in tests of digit span, verbal memory, spatial memory or visual perception.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Busch CR,Taylor HA,Kanarek RB,Holcomb PJdoi
10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00882-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-11-01 00:00:00pages
333-40issue
2-3eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
S003193840200882Xjournal_volume
77pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:Although olfactory and vomeronasal projections to the olfactory bulb and to the rest of the brain are quite distinct, it is not clear how the functions of these two chemosensory systems differ. In these experiments we attempted to determine the roles of the main olfactory and vomeronasal sensory systems in mediating s...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(90)90214-o
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eating rate has recently been shown to influence energy intake and appetite during an ad libitum meal, and alter postprandial secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide-YY (PYY) following a fixed-portion meal. Whether these effects influence satiety, as measured by energy intake at the subsequent meal, i...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.01.007
更新日期：2011-03-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats are nocturnal feeders. The present results show that when either the cost of procuring a meal or the cost of consuming it increases differentially in the dark relative to the light, rats shift their feeding activity to the light phase of the light/dark cycle. These results suggest that some of the same factors th...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(83)90081-1
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prolonged consumption of ketogenic diets (KD) has reported neuroprotective benefits. Several studies suggest KD interventions could be useful in the management of neurological and developmental disorders. Alterations in the Engrailed (En) genes, specifically Engrailed 2 (En2), have neurodevelopmental consequences and ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.04.001
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individuals who are sensitive to the bitter compounds phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) are also more sensitive to selected bitter and sweet substances, to sharp-tasting foods, and to the trigeminal irritant capsaicin. PTC/PROP tasters have a greater density of fungiform taste papillae and it i...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(96)00608-7
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report describes a standard procedure for studying the disordered eating behavior of bulimic patients in a laboratory setting. Test meals were given to eight normal weight women with bulimia under four different conditions on non-consecutive days. On day 1 they were asked to consume as much as they "would normall...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(86)90426-9
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:EEG sleep recordings were performed in rats after administration of CCK-8. Mildly food-deprived rats were given IP CCK-8 (8 and 16 micrograms/kg body weight) and behavioural as well as EEG changes were examined. With 16 micrograms/kg of CCK-8, there was a significant increase of slow wave sleep in the 30 min of record...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(90)90242-v
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cocaine abuse during adolescence represents a significant health risk due to the potential for both acute and long-term negative physical and psychological sequelae, including increased aggressive behavior. This study examined the effect of adolescent cocaine treatment on flank marking (i.e., a stereotypic motor behav...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00478-4
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activity of glucose-sensitive (GS) and glucose-insensitive (GIS) neurons was recorded in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) of monkeys during olfactory stimulation, a conditioned alimentary bar press task, and microelectrophoretic application of catecholamines. Olfactory stimuli evoked response of 88% of the GS n...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90117-0
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study with rats was to show that electrical stimulation of a monosynaptic pathway, whose high plastic potency is well-known, can serve as a conditioned stimulus (CS) in a learning paradigm. Using chronic rats, stimulation of the perforant pathway, which activates the entorhinal cortex input to t...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(82)90291-8
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2), a member of Glucagon peptide family involved in regulating energy metabolism, can be produced and secreted by preproglucagonergic (PPG) neurons in the brain. GLP-2 reduces food intake but at which brain sites GLP-2 exerts its feeding-suppress effects are still unclear. In this study, w...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113253
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of central infusion of naloxone into the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) upon predatory attack behavior in the cat were studied in 12 cats. Initially, quiet biting attack was elicited by electrical stimulation of sites within the lateral hypothalamus using monopolar electrodes. Then cannula-electrodes w...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(91)90337-n
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A longitudinal behavioral study was performed in mice exposed to the bovine brain phospholipid phosphatidylserine (BC-PS) from birth until sixty days. Examination of treated and control pups revealed no effect of the treatment on body weight nor on sensorimotor reflexes. At one and two months of age, when placed in an...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(90)90090-q
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gold thioglucose (GTG) has been known to be an obesity causing agent for over 40 years. GTG works by affecting dendrites in the mouse ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) producing a permanent VMH lesion and subsequent hyperphagia and obesity. We have investigated the effect of beta-thioglucose (BTG), a glucose antimetabol...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90005-x
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats selectively bred for relatively high (HiS) and relatively low (LoS) saccharin intake were offered sweet (sucrose), bitter (quinine, sucrose octaacetate), salty (sodium chloride), starchy (Polycose((R))), and sour (citric acid) solutions at several concentrations; sucrose/quinine, and sucrose/citric acid mixtures ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00246-2
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats exposed to a relatively high dose (7.5 g/kg body weight) of alcohol on either the fifth or tenth postnatal day of age have been reported to have long-lasting deficits in spatial learning ability as tested on the Morris water maze task. The question arises concerning the level of alcohol required to achieve this e...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00424-1
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Young, specific-pathogen-free cats were fed purified diets containing different sources of fat. Food intake was depressed and cats lost weight when the diet contained either hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO) or medium-chain triglycerides (MCT). With an MCT preparation enriched in 8:0 (MCT8), cats would not eat after firs...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(85)90311-7
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individual differences in open-field activity and emotionality (number of defecations and urinations), voluntary wheel running, voluntary and forced maximal sprint running speed on a photocell-timed racetrack, swimming endurance, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) were studied in 35 random bred male ICR mice. Wit...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90438-8
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present studies sought to determine whether prenatal cocaine administration (15 mg/kg b.i.d. between gestational ages 1-20) had enduring effects on emotional behavior of rats. Rats prenatally treated with cocaine interacted less with other rats in the social interaction test of anxiety at both 30 and 120 days of a...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(00)00245-6
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humans will eat almost anything, from caribou livers to rutabagas, but there are some types of foods, and their associated taste qualities, that are preferred by large groups of people regardless of culture or experience. When many choices are available, humans chose foods that taste good, that is, create pleasing sen...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.05.033
更新日期：2006-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Inner ear is critical for the development of motion sickness (MS). The present work was designed to test the role of aquaporins (AQPs) in inner ear in MS. After repetitive stimulus of rotation, the MS symptom was steadily alleviated in mice. After repetitive stimulus of rotation, several AQPs mRNA levels including AQP...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.07.031
更新日期：2011-10-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Three groups of rats were exposed to 0.4 mA shock presentations on a VT 30-sec schedule. Behavior was monitored during 35-sec shock-free periods inserted randomly after 15 of the 60 shocks per session. In the no-signal and random-signal control groups the behavior patterns which developed were similar to defense or fe...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(83)90239-1
更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obese female Zucker rats have several reproductive abnormalities, including delayed puberty, abnormal estrous cyclicity, and behavioral hyporesponsiveness to ovarian steroid hormones. To ascertain whether excessive body weight per se causes these reproductive abnormalities, obese Zucker female rats were fed ad lib or ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00006-2
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lean, preweanling Zucker rat pups increase neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in response to a 24-h deprivation of food, water, and maternal interaction as early as postnatal day 2 (P2). In this study, we examined if replacing nutritive or tactile aspects of maternal behavior to depriv...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00644-3
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of deafferentation of the vomeronasal, olfactory or both systems of male mice on ultrasonic vocalizations in response to a male or female stimulus were analyzed. Regardless of the technique used, disruption of the vomeronasal system led to consistent reductions in ultrasonic vocalizations. Each animal rece...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(82)90097-x
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of single and chronic methamphetamine (MAP) administration on ischemia-induced hyperactivity was investigated and the mechanism of ischemia-induced hyperactivity was discussed. Ischemia-induced hyperactivity was recognized 3 h after ischemia. However, ischemia-induced hyperactivity at 1 day after ischemia w...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00549-2
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium deficit poses a life-threatening challenge to body fluid homeostasis and generates a sodium appetite - the behavioral drive to ingest sodium. Dr. Randall R. Sakai greatly contributed to our understanding of the hormonal responses to negative sodium balance and to the central processing of these signals. Reactiv...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.11.021
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bombesin, an analog to gastrin releasing peptide, has previously been shown to inhibit food intake in the rat. In order to further characterize the effects of bombesin on ingestive behavior, the present study examined licking patterns of rats drinking sweetened condensed milk following bombesin (4 micrograms/kg, IP) o...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90384-r
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The daily locomotor and melatonin rhythms of the Senegal sole, a benthonic species of increasing interest in aquaculture, are still unknown, despite the fact that such knowledge is of prime importance for optimising its production. The aim of the present research was therefore to investigate the daily rhythms of locom...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.02.001
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Learning and memory seem to be affected by chronic stress. Previous reports have considered chronic stress as a precipitating factor of different neuropsychological disorders, while others reported neurobiological adaptations following stress. The present study investigated the effects of chronic stress before, after,...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.12.004
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
