Abstract：
:The reasons for the rise in autism prevalence are a subject of heated professional debate. Featuring a critical appraisal of some research used to question whether rising levels of autism are related to environmental exposure to toxins (Soden et al. 2007, Barbaresi et al. 2009, Thompson et al. 2007) we aim to evaluate the actual state of scientific knowledge. In addition, we surveyed the empirical research on the topic of autism and heavy metal toxins. In our opinion empirical investigations are finding support for a link with heavy metal toxins. The various causes that have led to the increase in autism diagnosis are likely multi-faceted, and understanding the causes is one of the most important health topics today. We argue that scientific research does not support rejecting the link between the neurodevelopmental disorder of autism and toxic exposures.
journal_name
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)journal_title
Acta neurobiologiae experimentalisauthors
Desoto MC,Hitlan RTsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
165-76issue
2eissn
0065-1400issn
1689-0035pii
7021journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Partial deafferentation of the hippocampus due to trimethyltin (TMT) intoxication has been reported to induce plastic rearrangements of neuronal elements but the factors that direct these responses are unknown. To assess the possible involvement of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the phenomenon we evaluated the presumabl...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study the functional role of SH groups in the Ca(2+)-independent K(+)-selective channel activity in the membrane of bovine adrenal gland chromaffin granules has been studied. Ionic channel activity has been estimated using 86Rb+, a K+ analogue, flux measurements. The inhibition of chromaffin granules K+...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pattern of GnRH secretion during the follicular phase of the estrous cycle of sheep is characterized by an initial marked change in episodic secretion (increased frequency and decreased amplitude) followed by a massive and sustained discharge-the preovulatory GnRH surge. Studies employing a physiological model for...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synapsins are a family of proteins associated with synaptic vesicles that are widely used as markers of synaptic terminals. We decided to investigate synapsin I expression in the mouse primary somatosensory cortex (SI). Immunostaining experiments using a polyclonal antibody against C-terminal domain of synapsin Ia/b (...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stem cell therapy is a promising strategy for overcoming the limitations of current treatment methods. The modification of stem cell properties may be necessary to fully exploit their potential. Genetic engineering, with an abundance of methodology to induce gene expression in a precise and well-controllable manner, i...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During paradoxical sleep electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation and emotiogenic structures in the mesencephalon and diencephalon produced depression or an increase in the theta rhythm of the hippocampal and entorhinal electrical activity. However, stimulation not involving behavioral arousal d...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method of investigating animal locomotion is presented which allows for the simultaneous measurement of the basic overground locomotion parameters: swing and stance durations, stride lengths, velocity of movement, gait diagrams and temporal relationships between all animal limbs. The measurements and recordings ...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple amplitude discriminator with two ways of triggering DC-level monitoring is described. This system is based on easily available inexpensive integrated circuits. ...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the responses to insect prey (dead houseflies) in 24 "derivative groups" of workers of the ant Formica polyctena created by taking sets of 25 workers out of nine larger "initial groups" kept in laboratory without queens and brood during the preceding five months. In the derivative groups the ants cease...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective was to assess changes in the width of the subarachnoid space (SAS) and amplitude of cerebrovascular pulsation (CVP) during acute elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) using Near Infrared Transillumination/Back Scattering Sounding (NIR-T/BSS). Changes in the width of the SAS and amplitude of CVP were o...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the normal course of neuronal differentiation gangliosides undergo marked changes in both quantity and quality. These changes, i.e. several-fold increase in concentration and appearance of the gangliotetraose family, have been observed both in vivo and in neuronal cell cultures. In addition to these naturally o...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pineal hormone melatonin is a potent free radical scavenger. In particular, it quenches what is generally considered the most toxic and damaging free radical produced in the organism, the hydroxyl radical (.OH). Melatonin production in the pineal gland declines progressively with age such that in old animals and e...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors investigated the effect of physostigmine (Ph) on short-term memory underlying the response-to-change test in rats. In the first test trial (acquisition) the rat could observe the white-black T-maze arms through transparent partitions which prevented the entrance to the arms. In the subsequent trial the rat...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In psychophysical experiments, subjects matched two spatial intervals of a three-spot stimulus into what appeared to them to be equal. The stimulus was flanked by stripes. The length matching errors increased in proportion to the referent interval of the stimulus and approached 6-12 percent of its length. Also, the er...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present paper studies the perceived orientation of line patterns with variable elongation, line length, orientation jitter, and presentation time. It evaluates whether the internal noise and sampling efficiency evaluated by equivalent noise paradigm (Pelli 1981) depend on the spatial configuration and temporal cha...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the first two postnatal weeks postural reflexes were either absent or abortive. First adult-like patterns of reactions were seen at the end of the 3rd week but they could be regularly elicited only by the 6th-9th week. ...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The performance of well established avoidance response was tested in cats with developed, kindled, bioelectric hippocampal epileptic focus and complex partial and secondarily generalized seizures. The animals were trained before kindling to perform foreleg movement in response to clicks (conditioning stimulus) in orde...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vocalization and eye movements during emotional-defensive response evoked by unilateral intrahypothalamic carbachol injections (10 micrograms) were quantitatively determined. The growling episodes duration paralleled the development and the subsiding of the defensive behavior, while the changes of eye movements indica...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments were performed with anaesthetized (urethan and chloralose) spontaneously breathing rabbits. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected (1 mg) with a Hamilton syringe into the end of the sectioned mylohyoid nerve. The HRP-labelled neurones could be localized in the motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve (N.V....
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Huntington's disease is an autosomal dominant progressive neurodegenerative disease, which results in a decreased quality of life and an early death. A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was first described in a 2013 study in patients with manifest Huntington's disease, where serum vitamin D level was found to be...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.21307/ane-2017-017
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The noble gas xenon (Xe) inhibits not only NMDA receptors (NMDARs) but also the two other subtypes of glutamate receptor i.e. AMPA (AMPARs) and kainate receptors. Preliminary studies on AMPARs suggest that Xe sensitivity might be coupled to receptor desensitization. In order to find out if this hypothesis can be appli...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Discrimination learning of instrumental responses to auditory compound stimuli was investigated in opossums using the R-no R (go-no go) differentiation. Each compound stimulus consisted of two factors: quality and location. Each correct response performed to the conditioned positive, or "safe" stimulus, was rewarded b...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of central, short-term melatonin administration on daily GnRH and LH secretion was studied in ewes during seasonal anestrus. Melatonin, in a total dose of 32 micrograms and the vehicle were perfused for 4 hours into the mediobasal hypothalamus/median eminence (MBH/ME). The mean GnRH concentration during per...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In monkeys, cerebellar vermal cortical or fastigial nuclear lesion resulted in no significant postural asymmetry. Combined decerebration (but not bulbar pyramid section) and unilateral vermal cortical or fastigial nuclear lesion gave marked ipsilateral hyperextension and contralateral hyperflexion of limbs. Unilateral...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In four dogs instrumental defensive conditioned reflexes to direct electrical stimulation of the hippocampus were elaborated. After reaching 60 percent CR performance, unreinforced stimulations of several limbic structures were given to test generalization. Positive generalization was more frequent than negative one. ...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mammalian pineal organ contains photoreceptor-specific proteins, whose distribution shows conspicuous variation among different species of mammals. Nevertheless, the following general conclusions can be drawn: immunoreactions for S-antigen and recoverin labeled more pinealocytes than the rod-opsin immunoreaction. ...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of electrical stimulation and electrolytic lesions of the posterior part of the hippocampus on acquisition of the active avoidance response (AAR) in shuttle-box were studied in 35 cats. Both weak or strong hippocampal stimulation applied simultaneously with conditioned stimulus (CS) facilitated the acquisi...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies were performed on 46 units of medial gastrocnemius muscles in 23 rats. In the examined population, three types of motor units were distinguished: fast fatigable (FF), fast resistant (FR) and slow (S) units. The studied muscle was stretched with force gradually increasing from 0.5 to 10 g. Most of FF units and ...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcranial magnetic stimulation was carried out in 30 healthy subjects, aged 20 to 55 and 156 to 180 cm tall, in whom cortical excitability threshold was determined for musculus (m.) abductor digiti minimi (ADM) and m. extensor digitorum brevis (EDB). The lowest stimulus intensity causing in the muscle a reproducibl...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION AND METHODS:Cognitive deficits in insomnia have been already reported (5), however, a correlation between cognitive impairment and severity of insomnia was not as yet studied. Sixteen not medicated patients with primary insomnia according to DSM-IV (4), 7 men an 9 women, of mean age 40.8 year, were compare...
journal_title：Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
