Effects of sustained avoidance/escape on demand for food.

abstract：:Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is widely distributed throughout the central nervous system and in several sympathetically innervated tissues, including the kidney. Although many central and peripheral acting endogenous compounds alter renal function, the role of NPY is unknown. Accordingly, we examined the effects of intracereb...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Smyth DD,Wilson JR,Seidlitz E,Thom SL

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Earlier research has demonstrated that opioid involvement in drinking is primarily mediated centrally [8,10]. Drinking is attenuated by the centrally and peripherally active opioid antagonists naloxone and naltrexone in doses as low as 1.0 mg/kg, but not by the quaternary forms of these antagonists [4]. Peripherally a...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Calcagnetti DJ,Helmstetter FJ,Fanselow MS

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monoamines and their metabolites levels were simultaneously measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in brain regions of lean and fatty Zucker rats when fed ad lib and deprived of food for 72 hr to evaluate each monoamine metabolism. Metabolite/monoamine ratios were shown for brevity to represent its metabol...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Tsujii S,Nakai Y,Fukata J,Nakaishi S,Takahashi H,Usui T,Imura H,Ikeda H,Matsuo T

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been shown that acquisition rates in the water maze vary across strains of mice, although the differential effects of previous experience in this spatial task have been scarcely evaluated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of training in the water maze at an early age (2 months) in two st...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Vicens P,Bernal MC,Carrasco MC,Redolat R

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychological stress is an important perpetuating, worsening and risk factor for temporomandibular disorders of muscular or articular origin. Occlusion instability, by the way, is considered a risk factor of this pathology and can be reproduced in some experimental animal models. The exact physiologic mechanism underl...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Fernández RAR,Pereira YCL,Iyomasa DM,Calzzani RA,Leite-Panissi CRA,Iyomasa MM,Nascimento GC

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The central effect of oxytocin (OT) on the aggressive behavior of lactating rats was studied. Female rats are more aggressive than nonlactating resident females, vigorously attacking conspecific intruder male or females. This behavior is considered important for pup protection against infanticide. The present work aim...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Consiglio AR,Borsoi A,Pereira GA,Lucion AB

更新日期：2005-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The current study examines the effects of electrolytic median raphe lesions on the feeding and drinking behaviors of rats maintained on a 23-hr food deprivation schedule. Measurement of food intake during the feeding period indicated no difference between the two groups but lesioned animals showed significantly more s...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Asin KE,Wirtshafter D

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prenatal stress (PS) induces cognitive deficits, abnormal behavior patterns and physical impairments in offspring, which disturbs the developmental process. GABA systems play a key role in the brain development. The developmental trajectories are less understood although PS increases the expression of GABAAR in young ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Shang Y,Chen R,Li F,Zhang H,Wang H,Zhang T

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our prior study showed that the basal blood pressure level and pressor response to peripheral angiotensin II of adult Sprague-Dawley rats were enhanced by perinatal exposure to a high NaCl diet. The purpose of the present study was to assess further the relationship between NaCl-sensitivity of blood pressure and perin...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Contreras RJ,Oparil S

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simple, inexpensive device which controls the insertion, positioning and withdrawal of cortical undercutting microkinives is described. The device aids the "rolling" insertion of an L-shaped microknife which produces a minimum amount of overlying tissue damage while it holds the knife steady during undercutting and ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Kubos KL,Kummel J,Moran TH,Sanberg PR,Bolduc PL,Robinson RG

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study describes a wheel turn/tail flick paradigm that was designed to simultaneously assess nociceptive thresholds of responses organized at spinal and supraspinal levels of the CNS in the rat. The paradigm involves training rats to perform an operant wheel turn response in order to escape current applied ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Borszcz GS,Lichtman AH,Hughes HC

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lean, preweanling Zucker rat pups increase neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in response to a 24-h deprivation of food, water, and maternal interaction as early as postnatal day 2 (P2). In this study, we examined if replacing nutritive or tactile aspects of maternal behavior to depriv...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Kowalski TJ,Ster AM,Smith GP

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of wheel deprivation on running were explored. Eight male rats, well habituated to wheels, were each deprived of wheels for periods of 0, 1, 3, and 10 h during the night (Experiment 1) and 0, 1, 3, and 10 days (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, as wheel deprivation lengthened, wheel running in the first 24 h...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Mueller DT,Herman G,Eikelboom R

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whether spontaneous food intake (SFI) is controlled by infused nutrient type or its caloric content, irrespective of nutrient type, was investigated. Rats were infused for 4 days with isocaloric solutions of different nutrient type but sharing the same intermediary metabolic oxidative pathway, providing 25% of daily c...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Bodoky G,Meguid MM,Yang ZJ,Laviano A

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We developed and validated a method to measure steroid hormones with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in faecal samples of white-faced capuchins. The method includes the measurement of adrenal and gonadal hormones such as cortisol, testosterone, estrone, progesterone and a number of their faec...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Weltring A,Schaebs FS,Perry SE,Deschner T

更新日期：2012-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Nongenetic heredity cases have been described in man, as well as in animals, and relationships between parents and offspring seem to play an important role in this transmission. In mice, mothering type could be nongenetically heritable by a latent learning close to mechanism. As mothering style clearly influences emot...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Calatayud F,Belzung C

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eight obese patients (exceeding ideal body weight by 50% or more) with no endocrinological or metabolic disorders and 8 healthy, age-matched, normal-weight volunteers were submitted to an overnight short dexamethasone (DXM) suppression test and to a psychological assessment through various psychometric scales. Plasma ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Facchinetti F,Giovannini C,Barletta C,Petraglia F,Buzzetti R,Burla F,Lazzari R,Genazzani AR,Scavo D

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One group of male rats was reared continuously in small, stable colonies of three animals each during a ten-week period beginning when they were 46 days old. A second group of animals was also reared in small groups of three animals each but membership within these colonies was randomly changed at weekly intervals. Th...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Lore RK,Stipo-Flaherty A

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of exercise on central nervous system function was investigated in relation to the mechanism of calcium-calmodulin-dependent dopamine synthesis in the brain. It is shown here through animal experiments that exercise leads to an increase in the calcium level in the brain. This in turn enhances brain dopamine...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Sutoo DE,Akiyama K

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in thermal environment can invoke a stress response in pigs, which in turn can potentially impact their immune system and disease susceptibility. We investigated effects of heat stress and social rank on behavior, immune responsiveness, and performance of pigs challenged with porcine reproductive and respirato...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Sutherland MA,Niekamp SR,Johnson RW,Van Alstine WG,Salak-Johnson JL

更新日期：2007-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The sensory properties of foods and beverages are primary determinants of food choice. Some flavor components have an inherent hedonic valence that influences ingestive behavior. However, these hedonic impressions may be modified and others newly formed through their association with the post-ingestive consequences of...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Mattes RD

更新日期：2012-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Standard replacement therapy for Addison's disease (AD) does not restore a normal circadian rhythm. In fact, hydrocortisone replacement in AD patients likely induces disrupted sleep. Given that healthy sleep plays an important role in improving quality of life, optimizing cognition, and ensuring affect regulation, the...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Henry M,Wolf PS,Ross IL,Thomas KG

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study tested the hypothesis that exposure to morphine on prenatal days 11-18 impairs performance on tasks requiring learning and memory in adult male and female rats. In Experiment 1, a symmetrical maze was used to measure learning. In Experiment 2, an eight-arm radial maze was used to assess working spati...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Slamberová R,Schindler CJ,Pometlová M,Urkuti C,Purow-Sokol JA,Vathy I

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of a single exposure to foot shock stress on runway responding for food reinforcement was assessed in animals trained and tested with the same or changed reinforcement magnitude. Foot shock (30 1-s shocks, 1.0 mA) exerted no impact on runway responding in animals trained and tested with the same level of re...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Bowers WJ,Attiast E,Amit Z

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolactin along with corticosterone is a stress responsive hormone. The present study examined the effect of predictable and unpredictable psychological stress on corticosterone and prolactin secretion. Repeated unpredictable exposure to the novelty cage produced a more substantial increase in the level of corticoster...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Muir JL,Pfister HP

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A model of alcoholism should demonstrate self-administration of alcohol by the animal and a withdrawal syndrome when the animal no longer has access to the drug. A mouse model is described that meets these criteria and enables the induction of "alcoholism" in a large number of animals within a short period of time. Mi...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Rijk H,Crabbe JC,Rigter H

更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lactating resident mice respond differently to male and female intruder conspecifics, showing defensive attack towards the former and offensive attack towards the latter. The effects of fluprazine (1-5 mg/kg) on this differential response pattern have been assessed. Although fluprazine increased the latencies of attac...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Parmigiani S,Rodgers RJ,Palanza P,Mainardi M,Brain PF

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the suitability of potential biomarkers for maternal ability in cattle, and in addition to test the hypothesis that dairy cows have a less pronounced motherliness than beef cows. Therefore, maternal behavior of 20 Simmental beef-type (S) and 20 German Black Pied (da...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Geburt K,Friedrich M,Piechotta M,Gauly M,König von Borstel U

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Injections of ACTH or corticosterone into late pregnant mice from Days 14 to 21 did not alter testes weights or feminine copulatory behavior of male offspring in adulthood. However masculine copulatory behavior was significantly reduced. Because ACTH does not cross the placenta, alterations in sexual behavior of male ...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Politch JA,Herrenkohl LR

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The position of substantia nigra anterior to the interaural line has been correlated with body weight in Wistar rats. A regression line y = 0.0050x + 1.36 makes it possible to locate the substantia nigra in different sized rats ranging between 140 g and 460 g. This equation is not valid for Sprague Dawley rats. The po...

journal_title：Physiology & behavior

authors： Skarsfeldt T

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00