Abstract：
:Motor fluctuations and dyskinesias are common motor complications that manifest within the first few years from the initiation of therapy in patients with Parkinson disease. These complications negatively affect the quality of life and represent an important source of disability. A growing number of therapeutic options including treatments aimed at prolonging the efficacy of levodopa (eg, selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors and catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors), administration of longer-acting dopamine agonists (eg, rotigotine, sustained-release ropinirole), and continuous administration of intraduodenal levodopa exist or will soon become available. Patients who maintain a good response to levodopa but continue to experience disabling motor complications despite the best medical management may benefit from a regimen of subcutaneous apomorphine, ideally delivered by a subcutaneous pump, or deep-brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus or internal portion of the pallidum. Emerging therapies for motor complications are expected to further enhance continuous (physiologic) delivery of dopaminergic drugs and extend the reach of therapies beyond the dopaminergic system to influence not only the motor but also the vast range of nonmotor complications of this multisystemic disease.
journal_name
Neurol Clinjournal_title
Neurologic clinicsauthors
Espay AJdoi
10.1016/j.ncl.2010.03.014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-11-01 00:00:00pages
913-25issue
4eissn
0733-8619issn
1557-9875pii
S0733-8619(10)00052-6journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Diagnostic testing is of limited value among patients with migraine who present to an emergency department. Various nonopioid, disease-specific treatments are available for patients who present to an emergency department with migraine headache and associated features. Emergency physicians should recognize that the acu...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2019.07.005
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinician should be alert to the possibility of cerebrovascular disease in cancer patients who develop signs of diffuse or focal cerebral dysfunction. The cause of cerebrovascular disease can usually be determined by knowing the primary tumor type, extent of metastatic disease, and type of antineoplastic treatment...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selecting appropriate laboratory tests in diagnosing peripheral neuropathies is important because it increases the yield of correct diagnoses and is cost effective. A large number of tests are available. This article provides a guide to selecting appropriate tests and reviews the clinical situations that suggest speci...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70246-2
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review, the authors present a critical overview of the historical development, indications, complications, operative techniques, and results of procedures for the alleviation of the major dyskinesias. Emphasis is placed upon recent refinement of technique, particularly stereotaxis, as well as neurophysiologic ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is often a fine line between medical malpractice and maloccurrance. Physicians need to develop techniques and skills that enhance the patient-physician relationship based on honesty and informed consent. Documentation and proper maintenance of medical records is demanded by the current legal and health care syst...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70376-5
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The immune system plays a significant role in Alzheimer disease (AD). β-Amyloid deposition in the cortex is thought to be an initiating event in AD and the widely believed amyloid hypothesis proposes removal of amyloid may delay disease progression. Human trials of active or passive immune agents have failed to show b...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2013.03.012
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Injury to cranial nerves is a common sequela of blunt head trauma. The olfactory, facial, and audiovestibular nerves are damaged most often, followed by the optic and ocular motor nerves. The trigeminal and lower cranial nerves are rarely involved. Chances of recovery are greatest for the facial nerve, intermediate fo...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recognizing and treating the cause of pain in the patient with cancer should be the initial approach to the management of this common symptom. Careful analysis of patients with cancer and pain has led to the elucidation of common neurologic pain syndromes unique to this disease process. Pain in patients with cancer is...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid tumors in children and comprise 15% to 20% of all malignancies in children. Presentation, symptoms, and signs depend on tumor location and age of the patient at the time of diagnosis. This article summarizes the common childhood CNS tumors, presen...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2018.04.009
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As in most areas of clinical medicine, the history often is the key to determining the diagnosis in patients presenting with neurotologic symptoms. The most common cause of vertigo--benign positional vertigo--can be diagnosed at the bedside based on the characteristic history and the finding of fatigable positional ny...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70244-9
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurologic symptoms are a prominent and often disturbing component of the migraine syndrome in many patients. Collectively termed "aura," migraine-related neurologic symptoms include visual, sensory, language, and motor disturbance. They occur in about one quarter of migraine patients, are classically transient, and a...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2008.11.002
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chorea (Greek for "dance") refers to irregular, rapid, flowing, non-stereotyped and random involuntary movements that often possess a writhing quality, referred to as choreoathetosis. When mild, it may be difficult to differentiate from restlessness. The movements can be strikingly asymmetric, as in hemichorea, or gen...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70041-4
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Smartphones make mobile computing at point of care practical. Smartphones can think, sync, and link. Built-in and user-installed applications facilitate communications between neurologists and their medical colleagues and patients and augment data acquisition and processing in the core medical information domains of p...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2009.11.001
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroepidemiology is the application of the methods of epidemiology to the problems of clinical neurology. After diagnosis, the most basic characterization of a disease is its frequency. This characterization requires ascertainment of case (numerator) within their population at risk (denominator) to provide incidence,...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70255-3
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebellar ataxia can be caused by a variety of disorders, including degenerative processes, autoimmune and paraneoplastic illness as well as by gene mutations inherited in autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked fashions. In this review, we highlight the treatments for cerebellar ataxia in a systematic w...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2020.01.008
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Guidelines and quality measures for epilepsy care have the potential to improve the quality of epilepsy care. Quality measures are increasingly used for pay-for-performance. This article describes different guidelines and quality measures that have been used to identify best practices, types of best practices for use ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2015.11.006
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postherpetic pain persisting 1 month or longer occurs in only a small percentage of all patients with herpes zoster. In most patients, PHN tends to diminish with time. The incidence is, however, directly related to age. Any therapeutic claim for prophylaxis or treatment of PHN has to be evaluated with these observatio...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anatomic and physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy are unique. A neurologist needs to be aware of normal pregnancy-induced physiologic changes in the cardiovascular, renal, hematologic, and autoimmune systems, and the local anatomic changes, which include alteration of body habitus and pelvic ligaments. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2016.04.009
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The past 40 years have seen the evolution of acute ischemic stroke management from unproven therapies du jour, such as steroids, heparin for stroke in evolution, and hypervolemic-hemodilution, to more of a scientific basis for our decision-making process. This evolution is directly related to the advancements in imagi...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2011.09.014
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors divide biological toxins into animal, plant, and bacterial classes and discuss each within a context of demographic, clinical and research examples. Advances in our knowledge are highlighted, and the authors relate the implications of this knowledge to target-specific neurologic involvement. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70220-6
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In light of the potentially devastating effects of hemorrhagic stroke, it is critical that an effective treatment paradigm be defined. This report briefly reviews the various subtypes of hemorrhagic stroke, considers the indications for surgery, and discusses specific surgical treatment options. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2008.06.006
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sports-related concussions (SRCs) are common among athletes in the United States. Most athletes who sustain an SRC recover within 7 to 10 days; however, many athletes who sustain the injury do not recover as expected and experience prolonged, persistent symptoms. In this document, the authors provide an overview of th...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2017.03.008
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal cell replication is regulated by growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) that act through binding to specific surface receptors on target cells. Oncogenes may exert their transforming activity by encoding proteins that mimic the function of the normal regul...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurologic complications are a major cause of morbidity, complicating open heart surgery, cardiac catheterization, and interventional techniques. Global or focal brain ischemia related to embolism or hypoperfusion predominates. Breakthrough cerebral hemorrhage and infection can complicate cardiac transplantation. Iden...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Different types of conduction defects, avenues available for functional recovery after demyelination, therapeutic and diagnostic measures, and electrophysiologic testing are covered. ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dramatic progress has been made recently in diagnosing and treating herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE). Advances in imaging technology have greatly enhanced our ability to diagnose the illness noninvasively. Acyclovir is of proven efficacy and is generally well-tolerated. The major clinical management problem is...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2008.03.005
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most CNS fungal infections can be divided into those that occur in normal hosts and those that occur in the immunosuppressed host. Cryptococcal infection, however, is common in both groups. The usual clinical presentation of a CNS fungal infection is chronic headache and mental status change. The CSF shows a lymphocyt...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a unique neurodegenerative disease that can be differentiated from Alzheimer's disease and other diseases that result in cognitive complaints. The primary anatomic focus of degeneration determines the clinical presentation, which can vary from aphasia to behavioral symptoms. Expanding ...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70235-8
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reasonable clinical approach to the patient who has low back pain includes a search for any of the red flags that would prompt consideration of additional diagnostic testing for serious underlying disease. The common patterns of back pain would be explored in an effort to categorize the patient's symptoms and to b...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70113-4
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unresponsive patients with or without catatonic motor signs are etiologically heterogeneous, and all require a comprehensive neurodiagnostic assessment to rule out organic causes. Most cases prove to be due to primary psychiatric disorders, mostly mood disorders, especially mania, rather than schizophrenia. These pati...
journal_title：Neurologic clinics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ncl.2011.07.006
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
