Abstract:
:The anatomic and physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy are unique. A neurologist needs to be aware of normal pregnancy-induced physiologic changes in the cardiovascular, renal, hematologic, and autoimmune systems, and the local anatomic changes, which include alteration of body habitus and pelvic ligaments. These changes are clearly advantageous, but in certain circumstances may predispose to pathology. In addition, pregnancy effects treatment of chronic neurologic conditions as regards medication safety and metabolism. This case-oriented review discusses the important aspects of pregnancy physiology and an approach to treatment of common disorders encountered during pregnancy including stroke, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and compression neuropathies.
journal_name
Neurol Clinjournal_title
Neurologic clinicsauthors
O'Neal MAdoi
10.1016/j.ncl.2016.04.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-08-01 00:00:00pages
717-31issue
3eissn
0733-8619issn
1557-9875pii
S0733-8619(16)30009-3journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In this article, the authors provide a conceptual framework in which to consider alternative approaches to identify the developmental consequences of exposing the developing brain to neurotoxic substances. Concepts underlying brain development and issues regarding neurobehavioral testing in children are reviewed. In a...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
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abstract::Legal issues must be considered in caring for patients with epilepsy. Doctors caring for people with epilepsy may be legally involved in three primary ways: as the agent of social control, as patient advocate, and as the target of liability or malpractice suits. This article examines these factors and the implications...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spine trauma is a devastating clinical condition that affects many people annually on a worldwide basis. Management of spinal trauma has become much more surgically oriented with advances in stabilization techniques over the past two decades. The degree of injury to the spinal cord dictates the prognosis of the patien...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2012.09.012
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abstract::Sports-related concussions (SRCs) are common among athletes in the United States. Most athletes who sustain an SRC recover within 7 to 10 days; however, many athletes who sustain the injury do not recover as expected and experience prolonged, persistent symptoms. In this document, the authors provide an overview of th...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2017.03.008
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many abnormalities of the orbit present with neuro-ophthalmic findings, such as impaired ocular motility or alignment, and sensory changes, including optic neuropathy. Comprehensive coverage of all orbital diseases is beyond the scope of this article. This review focuses on diagnosis and management of the most common ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2016.08.011
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abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can be described as a disease with a poorly understood pathophysiologic mechanism and no treatment that dramatically impacts the course of the disease. Clinical trialists are faced with finding small treatment effects against a background of multiple potential treatments, a past history o...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2015.07.014
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of IH for 24 hours in patients who remain comatose following resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest improves outcomes. How-ever, the induction of hypothermia has several physiologic effects that need to be considered. A protocol for the rapid induction of hypothermia is described. At present, the ra...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2005.10.007
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::"Myasthenia gravis (MG) is the most common autoimmune neuromuscular disorder. This article highlights several cases that the practicing neurologist may encounter in the treatment of MG. Diagnostic uncertainty continues to be an issue in patients who are seronegative to the 2 most common antibodies, acetylcholine recep...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2020.03.005
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We believe that our present understanding of these syndromes is insufficient to separate CIDP from MMN clearly and consider MMN to be a remarkably multifocal, predominantly motor variant of CIDP with the very unusual electrophysiologic feature of conduction block confined to motor axons. Further studies are clearly ne...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this series of clinical vignettes, the authors have attempted to provide a "feel" for the varied causes of syncope. The neurologist should be able to diagnose most causes of syncope using a simple algorithmic approach. Initial evaluation includes detailed clinical history, physical examination, and 12-lead ECG. Fol...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2006.02.002
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Different types of conduction defects, avenues available for functional recovery after demyelination, therapeutic and diagnostic measures, and electrophysiologic testing are covered. ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary brain tumors consist of neoplasms with varied molecular defects, morphologic phenotypes, and clinical outcomes. The genetic and signaling abnormalities involved in tumor initiation and progression of the most prevalent adult primary brain tumors, including gliomas, meningiomas, and medulloblastomas, are descri...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2007.07.014
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudotumor cerebri is a perplexing syndrome of increased intra-cranial pressure without a space-occupying lesion. The terminology for the disorder has changed over the years and the diagnostic criteria revised to reflect advances in diagnostic technology and insights into the disease process. The classification and n...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0733-8619(03)00096-3
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the current era of escalating globalization with rapid transport, changing climate, and an ever growing human population with associated changes in lifestyle, poverty, and war, the emergence of new neurologic infections is accelerated. Understanding their origins using epidemiologic and molecular tools will contrib...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2008.04.003
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurologic emergencies are common among cancer patients and their incidence is increasing as patients live longer as a result of improved antineoplastic therapy. This article reviews acute neurologic complications in cancer patients. Among those complications reviewed are brain metastases, epidural spinal cord compres...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70072-4
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::SEPs may be recorded over the spine and scalp to stimulation of any accessible mixed or sensory nerve in the extremities. SEP abnormalities are useful in detecting lesions in central somatosensory pathways. They do not establish a specific diagnosis, but they may suggest or support a diagnosis made on clinical grounds...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite major medical advances, such as the introduction of the rubella vaccine and prolonged postnatal therapy of infants with congenital toxoplasmosis, intrauterine infections remain important causes of deafness, vision loss, and behavioral or neurologic disorders among children worldwide. This article describes the...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(02)00014-2
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most CNS fungal infections can be divided into those that occur in normal hosts and those that occur in the immunosuppressed host. Cryptococcal infection, however, is common in both groups. The usual clinical presentation of a CNS fungal infection is chronic headache and mental status change. The CSF shows a lymphocyt...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recognizing and treating the cause of pain in the patient with cancer should be the initial approach to the management of this common symptom. Careful analysis of patients with cancer and pain has led to the elucidation of common neurologic pain syndromes unique to this disease process. Pain in patients with cancer is...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vasculitides are a heterogeneous group of disorders that cause blood vessel inflammation and necrosis. Vasculitis may represent a primary disease process or a secondary manifestation of an underlying systemic condition. Neurologic symptoms and signs are common in most of the vasculitic syndromes and may be the pre...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson disease (PD) is well recognized by its motor features of bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and gait and balance difficulties. However, PD is also characterized by a myriad of nonmotor symptoms, which may occur even before motor symptoms, early in the course of disease, and throughout the advancing disease. The...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2019.12.003
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::What the study of EAE has taught us that has relevance to human demyelinating diseases is discussed. ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Use of the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) in the evaluation of the peripheral nervous system is described. When using SEPs to evaluate peripheral nervous system disease, it is assumed that the central nervous system is intact. SEPs can be used to measure conduction through nerves that, by nature of their anatomi...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The appropriate diagnosis of the patient with epilepsy is first dependent on a determination of the type of seizure. When the type of seizure has been determined, consideration must be given to the nature of the epileptic syndrome, including concerns regarding the etiology of the attacks. The gradual evolution of the ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycogen is a crucial source of energy in the initial stages of muscle activity and during exercise of high intensity. There are 10 well-defined biochemical defects of glycogen metabolism expressed in muscle and affecting the following enzymes: alpha 1,4 glucosidase (glycogenesis type II), debrancher enzyme (III), bra...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Botulinum toxin therapy has emerged as a treatment modality for a variety of spastic- or contracture-related muscle diseases. Its safety has been proven for long-term use in the treatment of benign essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, and certain types of strabismus. Recent approval from the Federal Drug Adminis...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke involving the brainstem and cerebellum frequently presents acute vestibular syndrome. Although vascular vertigo is known to usually accompany other neurologic symptoms and signs, isolated vertigo from small infarcts involving the cerebellum or brainstem has been increasingly recognized. Bedside neuro-otologic e...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2015.04.006
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many substances, organic and manufactured, may induce peripheral nerve damage when exposed to them. The expected clinical phenotype is of a distal, sensory or sensorimotor polyneuropathy, often painful, with axonal characteristics on electrodiagnostic and histopathologic analysis. Treatment is limited; often, the only...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2004.12.003
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recently described syndrome, disabling positional vertigo (DPV), is characterized by persistent and progressive vertigo that is always associated with nausea and occasionally with vomiting; symptoms are made worse with changes in head position and are lessened with bedrest. Patients with DPV have abnormal results on...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral ischemia manifests widely in patient symptoms. Along with the clinical examination, imaging serves as a powerful tool throughout the course of ischemia-from acute onset to evolution. A thorough understanding of imaging modalities, their strengths and their limitations, is essential for capitalizing on the ben...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2013.07.005
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00