Abstract:
:Neuroepidemiology is the application of the methods of epidemiology to the problems of clinical neurology. After diagnosis, the most basic characterization of a disease is its frequency. This characterization requires ascertainment of case (numerator) within their population at risk (denominator) to provide incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates. Mortality rates come from government publications, and morbidity rates (incidence and prevalence) from specific field surveys. Definition of the course of illness and identification of risk factors for occurrence or course require specific studies and appropriate statistical testing.
journal_name
Neurol Clinjournal_title
Neurologic clinicsauthors
Kurtzke JFdoi
10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70255-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-05-01 00:00:00pages
255-72issue
2eissn
0733-8619issn
1557-9875pii
S0733-8619(05)70255-3journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Neoplastic meningitis appears to be increasing in frequency with improvements in the treatment of many cancers. It is most often recognized in patients with leukemia, breast cancer, lymphomas, and small-cell cancer of the lung, although it may be seen with virtually any malignancy. Treatment should include intrathecal...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The three states of mammalian being--wakefulness, REM sleep, and NREM sleep--are not mutually exclusive and may occur simultaneously, oscillate rapidly, or appear in dissociated or incomplete form to produce primary sleep parasomnias. Dysfunctions of a wide variety of organ systems may take advantage of the sleeping s...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70280-2
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are a number of medications that effectively relieve symptoms in patients with functionally disabling tics. Neuroleptic drugs remain the most predictably effective tic-suppressing agents, but other approaches may be beneficial. This article reviews the spectrum of available therapies to suppress tics and provide...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70321-2
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurologically critically ill patients, more often than others, are unable to communicate and, for a crucial period of time, have the vital functions of their brains hidden in the "black box" of the cranial vault behind a curtain of ambiguity and immobility. Customarily--and naively--we have relied upon beside clinica...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recognizing and treating the cause of pain in the patient with cancer should be the initial approach to the management of this common symptom. Careful analysis of patients with cancer and pain has led to the elucidation of common neurologic pain syndromes unique to this disease process. Pain in patients with cancer is...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our recommendations for the evaluation of the patient with suspected cardiogenic syncope are as follows: An initial thorough history and physical examination of the patient will suggest the diagnosis of cardiogenic syncope in at least 50 per cent of patients. A sudden occurrence of syncope, or "drop attack", is most s...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinician should be alert to the possibility of cerebrovascular disease in cancer patients who develop signs of diffuse or focal cerebral dysfunction. The cause of cerebrovascular disease can usually be determined by knowing the primary tumor type, extent of metastatic disease, and type of antineoplastic treatment...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antidepressants are the most commonly prescribed class of medications in the United States. The clinician should be mindful of the many antidepressants that can produce seizures following an accidental exposure or an overdose. A broader understanding of the seizure potential of antidepressants, combined with the abili...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2011.05.003
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathies due to nutritional problems can affect certain patient populations and have a varied presentation because of multiple coexistent nutritional deficiencies. Clinicians should consider nutritional neuropathies in patients presenting with neuropathies. Clinicians should be alert for signs and symptoms of neur...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2013.02.002
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Channelopathies, neuromuscular junction disorders, and myopathies represent multiple mechanisms by which toxins can affect the peripheral nervous system. These toxins include ciguatoxin, tetrodotoxin, botulinum toxin, metabolic poisons, venomous snake bites, and several medications. These toxins are important to be aw...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2020.07.001
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The respiratory system and the central nervous system are interconnected in a delicate balance; disorders in this equilibrium can have devastating consequences. Respiratory dysfunction, whether acute or chronic, may cause neurologic disease, including headache, encephalopathy, and in extreme cases, coma and death. Thi...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(03)00062-8
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most patients who have endured a stroke sustain behavioral changes, although in many instances these effects can be subtle. Although behavioral changes after a stroke tend to improve, they may persist and have serious effects on daily living activities. This article reviews the more familiar behavioral changes that fo...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2015.08.009
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The author defines lacunes, classifies types of lacunes and their causes, discusses the correlation between lacunes and specific syndromes, and suggests appropriate therapy. ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prions diseases are uniformly fatal neurodegenerative diseases that occur in sporadic, genetic, and acquired forms. Acquired prion diseases, caused by infectious transmission, are least common. Most prion diseases are not infectious, but occur spontaneously through misfolding of normal prion proteins or genetic mutati...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2018.07.005
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inflammatory myopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders with recent evidence demonstrating differences in clinical features, pathologic changes, pathogenesis, and response to therapy. The inflammatory myopathies generally produce predominantly proximal, symmetric muscle weakness and wasting. Additional crit...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::There should be a collaborative evaluation of a child with apparent learning disabilities. This article describes what the neurologist can expect from the other disciplines and how the services can be coordinated, using either the multidisciplinary services of a clinic or comprehensive assessment by a private practiti...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Addressed are the features of postviral and postvaccinial syndromes affecting the CNS. The relationships among acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, EAE, and MS are discussed. Among the postvaccination syndromes covered are the neurologic sequelae of pertussis immunizations, with a description of a mouse model of this...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is often a fine line between medical malpractice and maloccurrance. Physicians need to develop techniques and skills that enhance the patient-physician relationship based on honesty and informed consent. Documentation and proper maintenance of medical records is demanded by the current legal and health care syst...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70376-5
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postamputation phenomena, including painful and nonpainful phantom sensations occur following loss of limbs and other body parts. Peripheral and central nervous system mechanisms play a role in persistent phantom pain. Understanding the pathophysiology of this syndrome has improved in recent years. Comprehensive evalu...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70105-5
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can be described as a disease with a poorly understood pathophysiologic mechanism and no treatment that dramatically impacts the course of the disease. Clinical trialists are faced with finding small treatment effects against a background of multiple potential treatments, a past history o...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2015.07.014
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) accounts for approximately 95% of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) produced by the cell. The central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle are highly susceptible to dysfunction of this complex enzyme system. Although most OXPHOS...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70180-8
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epilepsy affects over one percent of the population, including nearly one million women of childbearing potential. Women with epilepsy represent a particularly challenging group for neurologists and other health care professionals. Affected women are unaware of many of the unique issues they face, including the relati...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70024-4
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Throughout pregnancy and the puerperium, a variety of hormonal and physiologic changes occur that are associated with pregnancy-specific neurologic conditions, which may also influence known preexisting medical conditions or bring previously unknown neurologic conditions to clinical attention. This article reviews the...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2012.06.003
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adverse effects of fetal drug exposures are well documented. Evidence for FAS, impaired intrauterine growth, birth defects, and mental retardation related to alcohol is compelling; evidence for alcohol-induced adverse behaviors and impaired speech is tenuous. Teratogenic, cognitive, or behavioral effects associate...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudotumor cerebri is a perplexing syndrome of increased intra-cranial pressure without a space-occupying lesion. The terminology for the disorder has changed over the years and the diagnostic criteria revised to reflect advances in diagnostic technology and insights into the disease process. The classification and n...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0733-8619(03)00096-3
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evaluation and treatment of spinal cord injury continues to evolve, enhanced by new imaging modalities. Their application in reference to the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine is discussed. Treatment options, both conservative and surgical, are outlined. ...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A specific genetic diagnosis can be reached for most children with muscular dystrophy. Advanced diagnostics, including genetic testing and analysis of nonmuscle tissues, such as skin and blood, often allow the diagnosis to be reached using minimally invasive procedures. These diagnostic advances accompany improved und...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(03)00065-3
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nosology of dementia has evolved from the simple distinctions between senility, degenerative dementia, and vascular insults that existed a few decades ago. The differentiation of normal cognitive aging from very mild dementia has sharpened considerably; however, appreciation of the heterogeneity of Alzheimer's dis...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70225-5
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycogen is a crucial source of energy in the initial stages of muscle activity and during exercise of high intensity. There are 10 well-defined biochemical defects of glycogen metabolism expressed in muscle and affecting the following enzymes: alpha 1,4 glucosidase (glycogenesis type II), debrancher enzyme (III), bra...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) and causalgia appear to reflect identical pictures even though the latter is related to nerve injury and the former is not. Overriding past and present skepticism about a role for the sympathetic system in their cause and treatment, the International Association for the Study of Pain...
journal_title:Neurologic clinics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00