Abstract：
:Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) causes typhoid fever, a life-threatening human disease. The lack of animal models due to S. Typhi's strict human host specificity has hindered its study and vaccine development. We find that immunodeficient Rag2(-/-) γc(-/-) mice engrafted with human fetal liver hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells are able to support S. Typhi replication and persistent infection. A S. Typhi mutant in a gene required for virulence in humans was unable to replicate in these mice. Another mutant unable to produce typhoid toxin exhibited increased replication, suggesting a role for this toxin in the establishment of persistent infection. Furthermore, infected animals mounted human innate and adaptive immune responses to S. Typhi, resulting in the production of cytokines and pathogen-specific antibodies. We expect that this mouse model will be a useful resource for understanding S. Typhi pathogenesis and for evaluating potential vaccine candidates against typhoid fever.
journal_name
Cell Host Microbejournal_title
Cell host & microbeauthors
Song J,Willinger T,Rongvaux A,Eynon EE,Stevens S,Manz MG,Flavell RA,Galán JEdoi
10.1016/j.chom.2010.09.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-10-21 00:00:00pages
369-76issue
4eissn
1931-3128issn
1934-6069pii
S1931-3128(10)00305-7journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus epidemic strain USA300 is a highly successful pathogen. However, the underlying basis of this success is not clear. Now, Thurlow and colleagues (2013) provide evidence linking the bacterial arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) to the dominance of USA300 as a pathogen of the skin. ...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2013.01.001
更新日期：2013-01-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Gut-dwelling Prevotella copri (P. copri), the most prevalent Prevotella species in the human gut, have been associated with diet and disease. However, our understanding of their diversity and function remains rudimentary because studies have been limited to 16S and metagenomic surveys and experiments using a single ty...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2019.10.013
更新日期：2019-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：:The emergence of circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses through evolution of the oral polio vaccine (OPV) poses a significant obstacle to polio eradication. Understanding the early genetic changes that occur as OPV evolves and transmits is important for preventing future outbreaks. Here, we use deep sequencing to de...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2020.10.011
更新日期：2021-01-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Complement, a complex system of serum proteins, contributes to host defense through multiple mechanisms. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Sorbara et al. (2018) discovered that cytosolic pathogens opsonized by complement are restricted by autophagy. This unexpected role for complement is important for cell-autonom...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2018.04.010
更新日期：2018-05-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Dietary factors, microbial composition, and metabolism are intimately intertwined into a complex network whose activities influence important intestinal functions. In a recent issue of Cell, Belcheva et al. (2014) show that microbial-derived butyrate promotes proliferation of cancer-initiated intestinal epithelial cel...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2014.07.011
更新日期：2014-08-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Efforts to prevent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection would benefit from understanding the factors that govern virus neutralization by antibodies. We present a mechanistic model for HIV-1 neutralization that includes both virus and antibody parameters. Variations in epitope integrity on the viral en...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2013.10.006
更新日期：2013-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Antigenic diversity has posed a critical barrier to vaccine development against the pathogenic blood-stage infection of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. To date, only strain-specific protection has been reported by trials of such vaccines in nonhuman primates. We recently showed that P. falciparum ret...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2014.11.017
更新日期：2015-01-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Type III secretion systems (T3SS) are used by bacteria to deliver proteins into the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Most studies of T3SS have focused on the role of these secretion systems in specific host interactions. However, there is increasing evidence to suggest that T3SS are also used in interactions with multip...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2007.10.004
更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To maintain tissue homeostasis and avoid disease, epithelial cells damaged by pathogens need to be readily replenished, and this is mainly achieved by the activation of stem cells. In this Short Review, we discuss recent developments in the exciting field of host epithelia-pathogen interaction in Drosophila as well as...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2009.10.001
更新日期：2009-10-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) expressed on red blood cells (RBCs) influences plasma levels of HIV-1-suppressive and proinflammatory chemokines such as CCL5/RANTES. DARC is also the RBC receptor for Plasmodium vivax. Africans with DARC -46C/C genotype, which confers a DARC-negative phenotype, are resista...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2008.06.002
更新日期：2008-07-17 00:00:00
abstract：:In a recent Science paper, Teles et al. (2013) show that type I and II interferons (IFNs) are reciprocally expressed in the polar immune forms of leprosy, with type I IFNs inducing IL-10 that interferes with the antimycobacterial effects of type II IFNs (IFNγ) at the site of infection. ...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2013.04.001
更新日期：2013-04-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Our intestinal microbiota harbors a diverse microbial community, often containing opportunistic bacteria with virulence potential. However, mutualistic host-microbial interactions prevent disease by opportunistic pathogens through poorly understood mechanisms. We show that the epithelial interleukin-22 receptor IL-22R...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2014.08.017
更新日期：2014-10-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Type I interferons (IFNs) are considered to be the universal mechanism by which viral infections are controlled. However, many IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) rely on antiviral pathways that are toxic to host cells, which may be detrimental in nonrenewable cell types, such as neurons. We show that dorsal root ganglionic (...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2012.07.013
更新日期：2012-09-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Microtubules play an important role in the transport of viral pathogens during the establishment of their infection cycles. The microtubule cytoskeleton also facilitates efficient release of newly assembled progeny at later stages of infection. However, the precise effects of viral infection on microtubule dynamics ar...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2007.04.007
更新日期：2007-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：:In nonmyeloid cells, Shigella hijacks the mitochondrial checkpoint of cell death, thereby inducing a regulated form of necrosis depending on Bnip3 and cyclophilin D. Carneiro et al. (2009) describe the interplay between this program and a prosurvival response transmitted via the Nod1/Rip2/NF-kappaB/Bcl-2 axis, which d...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2009.01.002
更新日期：2009-02-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Successful viruses must overcome the body's immune defenses. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Goffinet et al. (2009) provide evidence that the host protein CD317, the target of the HIV Vpu protein, is part of an ancient innate immune response directed against budding viruses. ...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2009.02.002
更新日期：2009-03-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The intestinal immune system has to strike a delicate balance between initiating inflammatory responses against invading bacterial pathogens and avoiding their induction against microbiota colonizing the lumen. Adequate inflammatory responses against bacterial invasion result in the lumenal secretion of antimicrobial ...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2010.06.003
更新日期：2010-07-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Overcoming the cellular type I interferon (IFN) host defense response is critical for a virus to ensure successful infection. Investigating the effects of human adenovirus (HAdV) infection on global cellular histone posttranslational modification (hPTM), we discovered that virus infection-induced activation of IFN sig...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2012.05.005
更新日期：2012-06-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Viruses are involved in various interactions both within and between infected cells. Social evolution theory offers a conceptual framework for how virus-virus interactions, ranging from conflict to cooperation, have evolved. A critical examination of these interactions could expand our understanding of viruses and be ...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2017.09.012
更新日期：2017-10-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibiotic-mediated microbiota destruction and the consequent loss of colonization resistance can result in intestinal domination with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), leading to bloodstream infection in hospitalized patients. Clearance of VRE remains a challenging goal that, if achieved, would reduce systemic...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2017.04.002
更新日期：2017-05-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The ecological dynamics underlying the coexistence between antagonistic populations of bacteria and their viruses, bacteriophages (phages), in the mammalian gut microbiota remain poorly understood. We challenged a murine synthetic bacterial community with phages to study the factors allowing phages-bacteria coexistenc...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2020.06.002
更新日期：2020-09-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The transitional epithelium of the bladder normally turns over slowly but upon injury undergoes rapid regeneration fueled by basal uroepithelial stem and/or early progenitor cells (USCs). Little is known about the mechanisms underlying the injury response. We investigate the mechanism of bladder epithelial regeneratio...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2009.04.005
更新日期：2009-05-08 00:00:00
abstract：:In 2014, an outbreak of avian A/H10N7 influenza virus occurred among seals along North-European coastal waters, significantly impacting seal populations. Here, we examine the cross-species transmission and mammalian adaptation of this influenza A virus, revealing changes in the hemagglutinin surface protein that incre...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2020.08.011
更新日期：2020-10-07 00:00:00
abstract：:HIV-1 Env, a trimer of gp120-gp41 heterodimers, mediates membrane fusion after binding host receptor CD4. Receptor binding displaces V1V2 loops from Env's apex, allowing coreceptor binding and opening Env to enable gp41-mediated fusion. We present 3.54 Å and 4.06 Å cryoelectron microscopy structures of partially open ...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2018.09.003
更新日期：2018-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The Arabidopsis immune receptors RPS4 and RRS1 interact to co-confer responsiveness to bacterial effectors. The RRS1-R allele, with RPS4, responds to AvrRps4 and PopP2, whereas RRS1-S responds only to AvrRps4. Here, we show that the C terminus of RRS1-R but not RRS1-S is phosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Thr1214 in t...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.008
更新日期：2020-05-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Live attenuated vaccines remain the safest, most cost-effective intervention against viral infections. Because live vaccine strains are generated empirically and the basis for attenuation is usually ill defined, many important viruses lack an efficient live vaccine. Here, we present a general strategy for the rational...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2008.08.003
更新日期：2008-09-11 00:00:00
abstract：:iNKT cells are innate T lymphocytes recognizing endogenous and foreign lipid antigens presented in the MHC-like molecule CD1d. The semi-invariant iNKT cell TCR can detect certain bacterial and parasitic lipids and drive iNKT cell responses. How iNKT cells respond to fungi, however, is unknown. We found that CD1d-defic...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2011.09.011
更新日期：2011-11-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Transition metals such as iron, zinc, copper, and manganese are essential for the growth and development of organisms ranging from bacteria to mammals. Numerous studies have focused on the impact of iron availability during bacterial and fungal infections, and increasing evidence suggests that copper is also involved ...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2012.01.009
更新日期：2012-02-16 00:00:00
abstract：:How gut cells distinguish between beneficial symbionts and deleterious pathobionts is a central question. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Kim et al. (2020) demonstrate that the nucleoside catabolism pathway controlling bacterial uracil and ribose production is an essential trigger of the commensal to pathogen tr...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2020.02.008
更新日期：2020-03-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic fungal infections trigger marked immune-regulatory disturbances, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. We report that the pathogenic yeast of Blastomyces dermatitidis elaborates dipeptidyl-peptidase IVA (DppIVA), a close mimic of the mammalian ectopeptidase CD26, which modulates critical aspects of hemato...
journal_title：Cell host & microbe
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chom.2016.02.001
更新日期：2016-03-09 00:00:00
