The immunopathophysiology of multiple sclerosis.

abstract：:In a recent trial limited to arteriovenous malformations discovered not to have bled, medical management was superior to medical management plus intervention. The trial was halted after 226 randomizations and a mean follow-up of 3.3 years owing to a disparity favoring the medical arm. Eligible patients were selected a...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Mohr JP,Yaghi S

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors divide biological toxins into animal, plant, and bacterial classes and discuss each within a context of demographic, clinical and research examples. Advances in our knowledge are highlighted, and the authors relate the implications of this knowledge to target-specific neurologic involvement. ...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Goetz CG,Meisel E

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evaluation and treatment of spinal cord injury continues to evolve, enhanced by new imaging modalities. Their application in reference to the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine is discussed. Treatment options, both conservative and surgical, are outlined. ...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Meyer PR Jr,Cybulski GR,Rusin JJ,Haak MH

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The needle electromyographic (EMG) examination is a challenging component of the electrophysiologic study. Knowledge of anatomy and physiology, sound EMG technique, and good patient rapport are required. Every muscle sampled by needle EMG is assessed for insertional activity, spontaneous activity, and voluntary motor-...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Preston DC,Shapiro BE

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nervous system is involved in approximately 25% of patients with classical Wegener's granulomatosis. The spectrum of this disease has been broadened with the discovery of the anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, which are found in diseases sharing many clinical features. The ANCA testing may indicate a common m...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Jaffe IA

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Motor fluctuations and dyskinesias are common motor complications that manifest within the first few years from the initiation of therapy in patients with Parkinson disease. These complications negatively affect the quality of life and represent an important source of disability. A growing number of therapeutic option...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Espay AJ

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many substances, organic and manufactured, may induce peripheral nerve damage when exposed to them. The expected clinical phenotype is of a distal, sensory or sensorimotor polyneuropathy, often painful, with axonal characteristics on electrodiagnostic and histopathologic analysis. Treatment is limited; often, the only...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Grogan PM,Katz JS

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sports-related concussions (SRCs) are common among athletes in the United States. Most athletes who sustain an SRC recover within 7 to 10 days; however, many athletes who sustain the injury do not recover as expected and experience prolonged, persistent symptoms. In this document, the authors provide an overview of th...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Anto-Ocrah M,Jones CMC,Diacovo D,Bazarian JJ

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review, the authors present a critical overview of the historical development, indications, complications, operative techniques, and results of procedures for the alleviation of the major dyskinesias. Emphasis is placed upon recent refinement of technique, particularly stereotaxis, as well as neurophysiologic ...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Zager EL

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Postherpetic pain persisting 1 month or longer occurs in only a small percentage of all patients with herpes zoster. In most patients, PHN tends to diminish with time. The incidence is, however, directly related to age. Any therapeutic claim for prophylaxis or treatment of PHN has to be evaluated with these observatio...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Watson CP

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most CNS fungal infections can be divided into those that occur in normal hosts and those that occur in the immunosuppressed host. Cryptococcal infection, however, is common in both groups. The usual clinical presentation of a CNS fungal infection is chronic headache and mental status change. The CSF shows a lymphocyt...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Lyons RW,Andriole VT

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As I have indicated in the foregoing discussion, there are several syndromes that with various degrees of proof seem to be caused by unilateral vascular compression of a cranial nerve at the brain stem. Jannetta has summarized this concept as follows: "As we age, our arteries elongate and our brains 'sag'. As a conseq...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Wilkins RH

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal and human research has clearly shown that anticonvulsants are teratogens and pose a risk for fetal malformations. In the case of dilantin it appears that fetal susceptibility correlates with the fetal level of the microsomal detoxifying enzyme epoxide hydrolase. The genetics of seizures in the parents does not ...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Buehler BA,Rao V,Finnell RH

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dementia, defined as progressive cognitive decline, is a feature of a wide variety of genetic disorders. For example, a search of "dementia" in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim) reveals 162 entries. Therefore this article cannot be encyclopedic and will be necessarily restricted to mo...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Hedera P,Turner RS

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite important advances in the treatment of epilepsy over the past several decades, many patients remain uncontrolled. Partial complex (psychomotor) seizures are the largest problem, with less than two thirds of patients successfully managed despite optimal medication use. In these situations, various surgical proc...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Spencer DD,Spencer SS

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SEPs may be recorded over the spine and scalp to stimulation of any accessible mixed or sensory nerve in the extremities. SEP abnormalities are useful in detecting lesions in central somatosensory pathways. They do not establish a specific diagnosis, but they may suggest or support a diagnosis made on clinical grounds...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Aminoff MJ

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major clinical uses for opioids are to control pain, suppress cough, and to treat diarrhea. These drugs, however, have the potential for abuse. It is postulated that the significant mood-altering effects of opioids combined with their pharmacology, in which tolerance and physical and psychological dependence occur...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Foley KM

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The substantial societal and individual burdens associated with tension-type headache (TTH) constitute a previously overlooked major public health issue. TTH is prevalent, affecting up to 78% of the general population, and 3% suffer from chronic TTH. Pericranial myofascial nociception probably is important for the pat...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Bendtsen L,Jensen R

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reye syndrome has emerged as the quintessential example of an acute metabolic encephalopathy. The clinical presentation is quite stereotyped in most instances permitting rapid, accurate diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention. Intoxications and certain inborn metabolic errors may mimic Reye syndrome. All patients...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： De Vivo DC

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The term thoracic outlet syndromes, is a group designation for several distinct disorders (one of questionable validity) involving various components of the brachial plexus, the blood vessels, or both, at various points between the base of the neck and the axilla. Four of the five subgroups (true neurologic TOS, arter...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Wilbourn AJ

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:"Deep brain stimulation is a safe and effective therapy for the management of a variety of neurologic conditions with Food and Drug Administration or humanitarian exception approval for Parkinson disease, dystonia, tremor, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Advances in neurophysiology, neuroimaging, and technology hav...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Burns MR,Chiu SY,Patel B,Mitropanopoulos SG,Wong JK,Ramirez-Zamora A

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite major medical advances, such as the introduction of the rubella vaccine and prolonged postnatal therapy of infants with congenital toxoplasmosis, intrauterine infections remain important causes of deafness, vision loss, and behavioral or neurologic disorders among children worldwide. This article describes the...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Bale JF Jr

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vasculitis or angiitis refers to a group of inflammatory disorders of the blood vessels that cause structural damage to the affected vessel, including thickening and weakening of the vessel wall, narrowing of its lumen, and, usually, vascular necrosis. Systemic vasculitis is classified according to the vessel size and...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Minagar A,Fowler M,Harris MK,Jaffe SL

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropathies due to nutritional problems can affect certain patient populations and have a varied presentation because of multiple coexistent nutritional deficiencies. Clinicians should consider nutritional neuropathies in patients presenting with neuropathies. Clinicians should be alert for signs and symptoms of neur...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Hammond N,Wang Y,Dimachkie MM,Barohn RJ

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe acquired brain injury has profound impact on alertness, cognition, and behavior. Among those who survive the initial injury, a significant minority fail to fully recover self and environmental awareness, and go on to experience prolonged disorders of consciousness (DOC) that can last a lifetime. Although there ...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Hirschberg R,Giacino JT

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can be described as a disease with a poorly understood pathophysiologic mechanism and no treatment that dramatically impacts the course of the disease. Clinical trialists are faced with finding small treatment effects against a background of multiple potential treatments, a past history o...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Katz JS,Barohn RJ,Dimachkie MM,Mitsumoto H

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors review iatrogenic complications of stereotactic surgery, including tumor biopsy, cyst or abscess aspiration, movement disorder surgery, and radiosurgery. The expected morbidities and steps taken to reduce complications are also discussed. ...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Kondziolka D,Firlik AD,Lunsford LD

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are a number of medications that effectively relieve symptoms in patients with functionally disabling tics. Neuroleptic drugs remain the most predictably effective tic-suppressing agents, but other approaches may be beneficial. This article reviews the spectrum of available therapies to suppress tics and provide...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Kurlan R

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Impairments of visual perception resulting from brain damage can have serious implications for many aspects of patients' lives, and these impairments should be targeted for intervention. Rehabilitation programs need to be individually tailored to each patient's needs; thus, characterization of a patient's visual perce...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Anderson SW

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolic and mitochondrial myopathies encompass a heterogeneous group of disorders that result in impaired energy production in skeletal muscle. Symptoms of premature muscle fatigue, sometimes leading to myalgia, rhabdomyolysis, and myoglobinuria, typically occur with exercise that would normally depend on the defect...

journal_title：Neurologic clinics

authors： Sharp LJ,Haller RG

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00