Abstract:
PURPOSE:To describe sex-related differences in self-care; to identify determinants of self-care according to sex, and to investigate how sex interacts with the effect of clinical and socio-demographic variables on self-care in adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). METHODS:Cross-sectional multicentre study with a consecutive sampling recruitment strategy, enrolling 540 adults with T2DM at six outpatient diabetes services. Clinical and socio-demographic variables were collected by medical records. Self-care maintenance, monitoring, management, and confidence were measured by the self-care of diabetes inventory. RESULTS:Females reported higher disease prevention behaviors (P < 0.001), health-promoting behaviors (P < 0.001), body listening (P < 0.001), and symptom recognition (P = 0.010), but lower health-promoting exercise behaviors (P < 0.001). Determinants of self-care were different in male and female patients, where the role of task-specific self-care confidence predicted self-care monitoring (RR = 0.98; P < 0.001) and management (RR = 0.99; P < 0.001) among males, while persistence self-care confidence predicted self-care maintenance (RR = 0.97; P = 0.016) and management (RR = 0.99; P = 0.009) among females. CONCLUSIONS:Males and females differently perform self-care. Self-care confidence plays a different role predicting self-care behaviors in males and females. Future research should longitudinally describe self-care and its determinants in males and females with T2DM. Sex-specific self-care confidence interventions should be developed to improve self-care in male and female patients with T2DM.
journal_name
Endocrinejournal_title
Endocrineauthors
Caruso R,Rebora P,Luciani M,Di Mauro S,Ausili Ddoi
10.1007/s12020-020-02189-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-01 00:00:00pages
354-362issue
2eissn
1355-008Xissn
1559-0100pii
10.1007/s12020-020-02189-5journal_volume
67pub_type
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