Abstract:
:The marijuana plant Cannabis sp. and its derivatives and analogues, known as cannabinoids (CBs), induce many effects throughout the whole body. Herein we briefly review the gastrointestinal (GI) pharmacology of CBs, with special focus on motor function. Some drugs are available to treat nausea and emesis, and evidences in humans and animal models suggest that other GI motility alterations (gastro-oesophageal reflux, inflammatory bowel conditions or paralytic ileus) might benefit from modifications of the CB tone throughout the gut. However, central and peripheral (including GI) side effects may occur upon acute and chronic CB administration. Hopefully, the ongoing worldwide intense research on CBs will soon provide new, safer CB-based medicines.
journal_name
Pharmacologyjournal_title
Pharmacologyauthors
Abalo R,Vera G,López-Pérez AE,Martínez-Villaluenga M,Martín-Fontelles MIdoi
10.1159/000339072subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-10issue
1-2eissn
0031-7012issn
1423-0313pii
000339072journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
PHARMACOLOGY文献大全abstract::In the rabbit, intracerebroventricular administration of dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBC) produces fever which is selectively antagonised by phenoxybenzamine. This indicates the involvement of central alpha-adrenoceptors in DBC-induced fever. The decrease in DBC hyperthermia after 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OH-DA) supports the vi...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137385
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In anesthetized rats the glucose release of the kidneys was estimated from the glucose concentrations in the arterial and renal venous plasma, urinary glucose excretion and the total renal plasma flow. Net renal glucose release was found in control experiments. The glucose release of the kidneys decreased with rising ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136914
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The isolated longitudinal muscle preparation (with attached Auerbach plexus) of the guinea pig ileum was used to investigate the structure activity relationship and kinetics of some naloxone and naltrexone derivatives and that of cyclazocine. The agonist used for the investigation of the antagonistic effect of these c...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136582
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of intravenous administration of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on electrocardiographic or blood pressure (BP) functional parameters were assessed in urethane-anesthetized rats. The responses of cardiovascular functional parameters produced by these drugs included: (1) isoproterenol decreased the du...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138922
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wood creosote, a mixture of phenolic compounds, suppresses in vitro contractions of rat intestine. To identify a compound in wood creosote able to inhibit intestinal motility, we screened its constituent phenolic compounds and found 4-ethylguaiacol (4-EG) as an active compound. It suppressed the spontaneous phasic (IC...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139111
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The affinity of amitriptyline for muscarine M1 receptors was studied in the rat cerebral cortex and rabbit vas deferens utilizing binding studies as well as inhibition of carbachol-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis in the cerebral cortex and blockade of the muscarinic prejunctional inhibition of sympathetic nerve st...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139192
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erythropoietin (EPO) has been used for the management of renal anemia. Recent studies suggest the pleiotropic properties of EPO in various tissues such as brain, kidney and vasculature. Diabetes mellitus is a major risk for development of vascular impairment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the hypothe...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000343963
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and calcium-dependent protein kinase (PKC) modulators on secretagogue-stimulated gastric acid secretion were studied in the continuously perfused stomach of the anesthetized rat. Intravenous histamine (0.25 mg/kg/h) and pentagastrin (2 microg...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000139368
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms by which captopril inhibits vasopressin-stimulated osmotic water flow in the toad bladder have been investigated in vitro. Captopril has two possible mechanisms for the inhibitory action on the water flow, one is its stimulative effect on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) biosynthesis by inhibition of kininase II...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138300
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::34 experienced marijuana users were divided into four equated groups of eight subjects each based on recognition memory test performance. One week later each group was retested following administration of marijuana containing 0, 5, 10 or 15 mg delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol. A dose-related effect of marijuana on pulse ra...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136698
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Imatinib and AMN107 are protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors which reduce KIT autophosphorylation with similar potency. This report describes the cellular uptake of these compounds in two human gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)-derived cell lines (GIST882 and GIST GDG1), which both express constitutively activated K...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000091943
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The regulatory action exerted on receptors by acebutolol, a cardioselective beta-blocker containing intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, has been investigated. beta-Adrenoceptor affinity and density of human mononuclear leukocytes were assayed in hypertensive patients before and after treatment with 400 mg/day acebutol...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138132
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radioligand binding profiles and in vivo pharmacological characteristics of YM-44781, YM-44778 and YM-49598, novel non-peptide tachykinin receptor antagonists, were examined and compared to those of FK-888 and GR-159897. Since no functional NK(3) receptors were found in the rat bladder, the emphasis will be on the...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000056193
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Opioid antagonists have been shown to prevent the occurrence of lethal arrhythmias following coronary reperfusion. In this study, we have examined the effect of a new, long-lasting, potent opioid antagonist, nalmefene, and congeners in the prevention of reperfusion arrhythmias in dogs. Nalmefene given at a dose of 1 m...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138713
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although it is beneficial to protect the skin from natural aging, especially in an aging society, the approach by which this can be achieved is still not well known. Hochu-ekki-to, a Chinese natural medicine, has various advantageous effects; however, there is no report about its influence on skin aging. ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000504985
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparative study of four natural eugenol compounds found in the volatile oil fraction of Myristica fragans, namely eugenol (E), methyleugenol (ME), isoeugenol and methylisoeugenol, was carried out in mice. Using a mixture of saline + tween-80 to suspend the compounds and the intraperitoneal route, ME revealed to be...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000136617
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of triamterene (TA) on its phase I and phase II metabolites, p-hydroxytriamterene (OH-TA) and p-hydroxytriamterene sulfuric acid ester (OH-TA ester), on sodium transport in the isolated frog skin. While TA applied to the inside (corial side) surface had no effects on potential difference (PD) an...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137543
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathogenesis of aplastic anemia from chloramphenicol (CAP) remains uncertain. Recent observations suggest that metabolites of CAP generated by intestinal bacteria may play an important role in mediating hematotoxicity from the drug. Thus, it is possible that once in circulation and after passage through the liver,...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138394
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cimetidine infused intravenously into 6 healthy volunteers did not induce significant changes in plasma levels of prolactin (hPRL), thyreotropin (hTSH), gonadotropin (hLH and hFSH) and growth hormone (hGH). Conversely it caused a significant increase in prolactin response to TRH without modifying the hTSH response to ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137297
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wood creosote has long been used as an antidiarrheal agent, but its mechanism of action is not well understood. To elucidate the mechanism of its antidiarrheal activity, we have addressed questions whether it inhibits fluid secretion induced by Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (STa) in rabbit jejunum in vivo, ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000056092
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of sennosides on uterine motility were evaluated by electromyography in healthy adult ewes between day 70 and 120 of pregnancy to assess possible disturbances of the physiological pattern of contractility and eventual risks in pregnancy maintenance. At this stage of pregnancy, the ovine genital tract prese...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138441
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:morphine is known to inhibit cholinergic contractions of the guinea pig small intestine. This has been compared to the human small intestinal innervated longitudinal muscle in the current study. METHODS:cholinergic primary contractions of human small intestinal longitudinal strips were evoked by electr...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000316637
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:This study was performed in order to elucidate the effects of 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) and L-arginine on cognitive functions of rats in a three-panel runway task. METHODS:7-NI (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg) and L-arginine (200 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally into male Wistar rats 30 min before the test. RESU...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000235997
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When rat mast cells were cultured for a short period in plastic dishes and adhering cells were permeabilized with beta-escin and exposed to Ca2+ at concentrations higher than 10(-7) mol/l, histamine release was induced dose-dependently. Protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the crude extracts obtained from adhering mast ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138874
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present experiments examined the protective effect of the nitrofuran drugs, furazolidone (FZ) and nitrofurazone (NF), on duodenal ulceration induced by cysteamine or indometacin in rats. FZ at oral doses of 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg for 2 consecutive days signficantly reduced, in a dose-dependent manner, the incidence a...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138767
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When guinea pig isolated trachea is contracted with either carbachol or methacholine, relaxant concentration-response curves to isoprenaline, salmefamol and fenoterol were shifted to the right, compared with curves obtained with either spontaneous or histamine-induced tone. Carbachol and methacholine also reduced the ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138256
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intracerebroventricular injection of the cholecystokinin-A receptor antagonist L-364,718, at the doses of 0.5, 5, 10 or 20 micrograms/mouse, while having no effect on pain threshold (hot plate, 51 degrees C), antagonized the analgesic activity of morphine (10 mg/kg i.p.). This effect was obtained with a dose of 10...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138798
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, the effects of ghrelin against the gastric damage induced by intragastric administration of 0.6 N HCl and the involvement of histamine H₃ receptors (H₃Rs) were investigated in conscious rats with selective H₃R ligands. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of ghrelin (40 μg/kg) significantly reduced (...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000320110
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protective influence of verapamil upon ouabain-induced cardiac arrhythmias was investigated in anesthetized (alpha-chloralose 60 mg/kg and urethane 500 mg/kg) open-chest guinea pigs. Verapamil in doses between 100 and 150 micrograms/kg significantly increased (80-90%) the dose of ouabain, necessary to cause ventricula...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000138326
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noradrenergic neurotransmission in the electrically stimulated isolated splenic strip of the cat was found to be modulated via opiate receptor. Pharmacodynamic parameters of morphine, methionine-enkephalin, azidomorphine, naloxone and N-cyclopropylmethyl-norazidomorphine (CAM) were determined. As CAM proved to be more...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000137467
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00