Endoplasmic reticulum export and vesicle formation of the movement protein of Chinese wheat mosaic virus are regulated by two transmembrane domains and depend on the secretory pathway.

abstract：:Oral transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in adult populations is rare. However, HIV spread across fetal/neonatal oropharyngeal epithelia could be important in mother-to-child transmission. Analysis of HIV transmission across polarized adult and fetal oral epithelial cells revealed that HIV transmigrates...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Tugizov SM,Herrera R,Veluppillai P,Greenspan D,Soros V,Greene WC,Levy JA,Palefsky JM

更新日期：2011-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Following a bite from an infected tick, tick-borne flaviviruses cause encephalitis, meningitis and hemorrhagic fever in humans. Although these viruses spend most of their time in the tick, little is known regarding the virus-vector interactions. We developed a simple method for synchronously infecting Ixodes scapulari...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Mitzel DN,Wolfinbarger JB,Long RD,Masnick M,Best SM,Bloom ME

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The HSV-1 genome is composed of two unique regions (UL and US) flanked by inverted repeats. During the course of DNA replication the two unique regions UL and US invert relative to one another. In this report we present evidence that cleavage is not necessary for genomic inversion to occur. We isolated and characteriz...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Lamberti C,Weller SK

更新日期：1996-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the major causative agent of blood-borne non-A non-B hepatitis. The persistence of HCV infection is believed to reflect escape from the host immunosurveillance system by mutations in hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of the envelope protein 2 (E2). Two envelope proteins of HCV, E1 and E2, have b...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Yi M,Nakamoto Y,Kaneko S,Yamashita T,Murakami S

更新日期：1997-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Using the 5' long terminal repeat (LTR) as its only promoter, the HTLV-1 provirus generates a single RNA transcript that undergoes differential splicing to express the various viral proteins. Examination of sequence near the transcription start site revealed an element resembling a transcriptional initiator (Inr) at p...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Wycuff DR,Goff MD,Marriott SJ

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is a receptor for MERS-CoV. The soluble form of DPP4 (sDPP4) circulates systematically and can competitively inhibit MERS-CoV entry into host cells. Here, we measured the concentration of sDPP4 in the plasma and sputa of 14 MERS-CoV-infected patients of various degrees of disease severity...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Inn KS,Kim Y,Aigerim A,Park U,Hwang ES,Choi MS,Kim YS,Cho NH

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prions were purified from scrapie-infected hamster brains and incubated for 24 hr at 65 degrees with 2 mM Zn2+ or 5 mM Mg2+; no loss of infectivity was observed. Bacteriophage M13, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), potato virus X, and potato spindle tuber viroid were all inactivated by divalent metal ions under these condit...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Bellinger-Kawahara C,Diener TO,McKinley MP,Groth DF,Smith DR,Prusiner SB

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circoviruses are relatively novel pathogens with increased importance in canids. In this study, we first screened the presence of dog circovirus (DogCV) by molecular methods from a total number of 389 internal organ samples originating from 277 individuals of domestic dogs and wild animals including wolves, foxes and ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Zaccaria G,Malatesta D,Scipioni G,Di Felice E,Campolo M,Casaccia C,Savini G,Di Sabatino D,Lorusso A

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C (HIV-1C) accounts for about 50% of all HIV infections in the pandemic and is the predominant subtype in the heavily burdened region of southern Africa. HIV-1C possesses unique genetic and phenotypic features that might be associated with biological differences compared to ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Ndung'u T,Sepako E,McLane MF,Chand F,Bedi K,Gaseitsiwe S,Doualla-Bell F,Peter T,Thior I,Moyo SM,Gilbert PB,Novitsky VA,Essex M

更新日期：2006-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A substantial proportion of HIV-1-infected individuals are intravenous drug users (i.v.DUs) who abuse opiates. Opioids induce a number of immunomodulatory effects that may directly influence HIV-1 disease progression. In the present report, we have investigated the effect of opioids on the expression of the major HIV-...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Steele AD,Henderson EE,Rogers TJ

更新日期：2003-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used field inversion gel electrophoresis to survey EBV strains for the size of the major internal repeat, IR-1, and estimate the number of 3.1-kb repeat units present. The B95-8 strain of EBV was estimated to contain 8.6 repeats. The repeat number varies considerably among naturally occurring isolates around a...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Allan GJ,Rowe DT

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:LMP2A deletion and point mutants, with mutations in phosphotyrosine-containing protein-protein interaction motifs, were transiently expressed in 293 cells and their phosphorylation was examined in immune complex kinase assays as well as in vivo. In vitro LMP2A phosphorylation depended on tyrosine 112. In vivo, mutatio...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Scholle F,Longnecker R,Raab-Traub N

更新日期：2001-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In the absence of an effective vaccine against HIV, it is urgent to develop an effective alternative such as a microbicide. Single and repeated applications of MC1220 microbicide were evaluated in macaques. First, animals were given a single application of 0.5% or 1.5% MC1220-containing liposomal gel. A second group w...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Caron M,Besson G,Etenna SL,Mintsa-Ndong A,Mourtas S,Radaelli A,Morghen Cde G,Loddo R,La Colla P,Antimisiaris SG,Kazanji M

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Human noroviruses bind histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) and this interaction is thought to be important for an infection. We identified two additional fucose-binding pockets (termed fucose-3/4 sites) on a genogroup II human (GII.10) norovirus-protruding (P) dimer using X-ray crystallography. Fucose-3/4 sites were lo...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Koromyslova AD,Leuthold MM,Bowler MW,Hansman GS

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple RNA species which hybridize to a cloned cDNA probe of the turnip crinkle virus satellite RNA (S-TCV) are found both in virions and in plants infected with virus particles containing S-TCV. At least six of these RNAs appear to be multimeric forms of the satellite RNA based on their migration in denaturing gels...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Altenbach SB,Howell SH

更新日期：1984-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic variation of the Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) appears to be limited in vitro and during the latent phase of the disease. However, cells in tumors often harbor deleted proviruses that are defective for expression. In order to gain insight into the involvement of viral genetic variation during pathogenesis, the B...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Willems L,Kerkhofs P,Burny A,Mammerickx M,Kettmann R

更新日期：1995-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:CD8+ T lymphocytes are critical for the control of gammaherpesvirus latency. To determine how memory CD8+ T cells generated during latency differ from those primed during acute or chronic viral infection, we adoptively transferred naive P14 CD8+ T cells into uninfected recipients, and examined surface proteins, cytoki...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Liu M,Barton ES,Jennings RN,Oldenburg DG,Whirry JM,White DW,Grayson JM

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmids containing the E1 region of Ad12 DNA can transform certain rodent cells into oncogenic cells. To study the role of the E1a subregion in the process of oncogenic transformation, Ad12 region E1 mutants carrying deletions in the E1a region were constructed. Deletion mutants pR7 and pR8 affect only the 13 S mRNA ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Bos JL,Jochemsen AG,Bernards R,Schrier PI,van Ormondt H,van der Eb AJ

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA of a rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV) isolate from England is cleaved by HindIII into 25 fragments, 20 of which have been cloned into recombinant plasmids. Twenty-two of thirty KpnI fragments were similarly cloned which, together with the HindIII clones, resulted in cloning of 93% of the viral genome. Terminal fragm...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Burns WH,Barbour GM,Sandford GR

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rate of synthesis in vivo and the steady-state level of mRNA of four "model" herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) genes were measured as a function of high levels of alpha-gene products. The genes studied were ICP4 (alpha), deoxy-UTPase (beta), VP5 (beta gamma), and glycoprotein C (gC, gamma). Accumulation of high ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Zhang YF,Devi-Rao GB,Rice M,Sandri-Goldin RM,Wagner EK

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epizootics of a natural varicella-like disease occur in populations of nonhuman primates. Several primate herpesviruses have been isolated from these epizootics, but the relatedness of these isolates to each other is not well-defined. In this study, we demonstrated that the restriction endonuclease (REn) profiles of f...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Gray WL,Gusick NJ

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus da26 gene codes for an envelope protein of both budded virus (BV) and occlusion derived virus (ODV). Western blot and temporal analysis of infected cell extracts detected a protein of 26 kDa by 4 h postinfection (p.i.). The amount of protein increased by 16 h p.i. ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Beniya H,Braunagel SC,Summers MD

更新日期：1998-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein is a multifunctional protein interacting with cellular and viral proteins and promoters. A tetracycline-regulated system was used to generate a HepG2 Tet-Off cell line allowing regulated expression of a full-length (191 aa) and an N(c)-truncated core protein (160 aa). In this syste...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Erhardt A,Hassan M,Heintges T,Häussinger D

更新日期：2002-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Priming of the viral glycoprotein (GP) by the cellular proteases cathepsin B and L (CatB, CatL) is believed to be essential for cell entry of filoviruses. However, pseudotyping systems that predominantly produce non-filamentous particles have frequently been used to prove this concept. Here, we report that GP-mediated...

journal_title：Virology

authors： González-Hernández M,Müller A,Hoenen T,Hoffmann M,Pöhlmann S

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many viruses activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway, thereby modulating diverse downstream signaling pathways associated with antiapoptosis, proliferation, cell cycling, protein synthesis and glucose metabolism, in order to augment their replication. To date, the role of the PI3K-Akt p...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Xiao W,Yang Y,Weng Q,Lin T,Yuan M,Yang K,Pang Y

更新日期：2009-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs plays a critical role in maximizing the coding capacity of the small parvovirus genome. The small-intron region of minute virus of mice (MVM) pre-mRNAs undergoes an unusual pattern of overlapping alternative splicing, using two donors, D1 and D2, and two acceptors, A1 and A2, within a...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Haut DD,Pintel DJ

更新日期：1999-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the process of membrane fusion in Morbilliviruses, the fusion (F) glycoproteins of Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) and Rinderpest virus (RPV) were expressed transiently in mammalian cells. The recombinant F proteins were found to be localized at the surface of transfected cells. The fusion activity, a...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Seth S,Shaila MS

更新日期：2001-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In the event of smallpox bioterrorism, widespread vaccination may be required. Vaccinia immune globulin (VIG) has been used to treat complications from the smallpox vaccine. While the potency of VIG was defined by its ability to neutralize intracellular mature virus, a second form of vaccinia called the extracellular ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Bell E,Shamim M,Whitbeck JC,Sfyroera G,Lambris JD,Isaacs SN

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The noncapsid protein expressed from ORF-206 of turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) is autocatalytically processed by a papain-like protease, producing N-terminal 150-kDa and C-terminal 70-kDa proteins. By introducing two methionine residues near the N-terminus of the 70-kDa protein, we have obtained N-terminal amino ac...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Bransom KL,Wallace SE,Dreher TW

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Edible vaccines that can be made widely available and easily administered could bring great benefit to the worldwide battle against pandemic viral infections. They can be used not only for the vaccination of humans and domesticated animals, but also for wild herds and live stock which are otherwise difficult to vaccin...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Lei H,Xu Y,Chen J,Wei X,Lam DM

更新日期：2010-11-25 00:00:00