Abstract:
:Epidemiological studies have repeatedly shown that a significant minority of the general population have experienced hallucinations, however, a potential effect of age on the prevalence of hallucinations in the general population has never been previously examined in a specific study. The aim of the present study was thus to examine the effects of age and sensory modality on hallucination prevalence in a general population sample. A large, randomly selected and representative sample of the Norwegian population completed measures assessing different hallucination modalities (auditory, visual, olfactory, and tactile) and types (sensed presence and hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations). Three age groups were identified and compared: young (19-30 years), middle (31-60) and old (61-96). There was a significant main-effect of age for all hallucination modalities and types, whereby hallucination prevalence significantly decreased with age. We also found that anxiety partially mediated the effect of age on hallucinations whilst depression was a partial suppressor. Concerning the co-occurrence of hallucination modalities, there was very little co-occurrence of auditory and visual hallucinations in all three age groups. In summary, a main-effect of age for hallucination prevalence was observed. Furthermore, individuals reported a more diverse variety of hallucination modalities compared to what is commonly reported in clinical populations.
journal_name
Psychiatry Resjournal_title
Psychiatry researchauthors
Larøi F,Bless JJ,Laloyaux J,Kråkvik B,Vedul-Kjelsås E,Kalhovde AM,Hirnstein M,Hugdahl Kdoi
10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-01 00:00:00pages
707-714eissn
0165-1781issn
1872-7123pii
S0165-1781(18)31900-0journal_volume
272pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Light falling on the retina is converted into an electrical signal which stimulates serotonin synthesis. Previous studies described an increase of plasma and CNS serotonin levels after bright light exposure. Ghrelin and leptin are peptide hormones which are involved in the regulation of hunger/satiety and are related ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.068
更新日期:2015-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Studies using a variety of investigative methods, including functional brain imaging and electroencephalography (EEG), have suggested that changes in central nervous system (CNS) dopamine function result in altered visual system processing. The discovery of abnormal retinal blue cone, but not red cone, electroretinogr...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4927(00)00074-3
更新日期:2000-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::Hypersomnia is common in psychiatric disorders, yet there are few self-report measures that adequately characterize this sleep disturbance. The objective of this study was to validate the Hypersomnia Severity Index (HSI), a tool designed to measure severity, distress and impairment of hypersomnia in psychiatric popula...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112547
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) were determined in 40 drug-free schizophrenic patients and 21 healthy volunteers by a mass fragmentographic method. Twenty-one of the schizophrenic patients were first admissions who had never received neuroleptics. Sign...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-1781(85)90095-2
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have suggested that schizophrenic psychopathology segregates into three orthogonal dimensions, viz., psychosis, negative and disorganization. Most of these reports were based on studies on medicated patients with varying degrees of chronicity. The present study aimed at exploring the dimensionality of...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(03)00199-9
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The minority of people who have experienced a traumatic event and were diagnosed as either suffering from PTSD or from Adjustment disorder, may suggest that victims of a traumatic event vary in risk factors for the disorders. The current research aimed at examining the association between reports of Adjustment disorde...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.085
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the relationship between alterations in the activity of the enzymes participating in antioxidative defense system and neurological soft signs (NSS) in schizophrenic patients with the first episode psychosis (SFE, n = 19), patients in relapse (SR, n = 46), and healthy controls (HC, n = 20). NSS intensity a...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.09.009
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroimaging studies indicate diminished lateralisation of cerebral activity during motor tasks and language processing in schizophrenia. Some evidence also indicates that decreased lateralisation is accompanied by more diffuse intra-hemispheric activation, suggesting that diminished lateralisation might be part of a ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2009.04.004
更新日期:2009-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, 53 Chinese COPD moderate outpatients and 50 health controls, matched for age, family income and education level, were recruited to assess the prevalence of Alexithymia and its relationship to socio-demographic factors and pulmonary function. Alexithymia was measured with 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scal...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.10.018
更新日期:2012-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::The heritability of some individual depressive symptoms has been well established. However, the causal genes related to individual depressive symptoms and genetic effects on the courses of individual depressive symptoms are still unclear. We examined these issues in 241 Korean patients who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria f...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.12.037
更新日期:2012-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::High variability in adaptive behavior in cognitively-able adults with autism spectrum disorder has been previously reported, and may be caused by the high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in this population. This study's goals were to examine self-reported psychiatric symptoms in students with ASD, and to identif...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.098
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An exaggerated response to emotional stimuli is among the many symptoms widely reported by veterans of the 1991 Persian Gulf War. These symptomologies have been attributed to damage and dysfunction associated with deployment-related exposures. We collected event-related potential data from 22 veterans meeting Haley cr...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.08.004
更新日期:2013-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::This study measured changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during the complex cognitive task of meditation using single photon emission computed tomography. Eight experienced Tibetan Buddhist meditators were injected at baseline with 7 mCi HMPAO and scanned 20 min later for 45 min. The subjects then meditated ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4927(01)00074-9
更新日期:2001-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective treatments for treatment-resistant depression. However, this treatment may produce memory impairment. The mechanisms of the cognitive adverse effects are not known. Neuroimmune response is related to the cognitive deficits. By reviewing the available animal ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113289
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with affective disorders frequently report problems with attention, concentration and memory, although little research has investigated subjective cognitive complaints relative to objective neuropsychological deficits. We compared subjective (self-rated) cognition and objective (clinician-rated) neuropsycholo...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2004.12.009
更新日期:2005-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::The factor structure of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) was examined in a confirmatory factor analysis that used the LISREL procedure. Four models of negative symptom factors were tested in 130 hospitalized schizophrenic patients. A three-factor model of diminished expression, social dysfuncti...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-1781(92)90049-9
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies which showed anticipation in families with schizophrenia suggested that a trinucleotide repeat expansion mechanism may be involved in the pathogenesis of familial schizophrenia. Furthermore, some studies involving the repeat expansion detection (RED) method showed the median length of CAG repeats to be longer ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(00)00156-6
更新日期:2000-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Childhood traumatic experiences and impulsive aggression are strong predictors of suicide ideation in youth. This study examines whether a gene panel previously associated with impulsive aggression, together with a measure of traumatic experience, will predict suicidal ideation in youth. The sample consisted of 158 y...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112726
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of smoking is especially high among patients with schizophrenia (SCH) and schizoaffective disorder (SCHAFF). Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) smoke less than the general population. OCD symptoms are more frequent among patients with SCH or SCHAFF than in the general population, but it is stil...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2006.01.001
更新日期:2006-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects many returning combat veterans, but underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. In order to compare circulating micro RNA (miRNA) of combat veterans with and without PTSD, peripheral blood from 24 subjects was collected following deployment, and isolated miRNA was sequ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.081
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The success of long-term therapy in schizophrenia is contingent upon real-world effectiveness or improvements in several domains, including efficacy, safety and tolerability. This report describes the Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire (IAQ), a new 10-item instrument designed to assess relative effectiveness (eff...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2005.05.006
更新日期:2005-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::This study sought to determine possible causal linkages among stressful life events, social rhythms, and levels of depressive symptomatology for 81 elderly subjects (51 recently widowed, 30 healthy controls). We examined the associations among stressful life events (i.e., bereavement status at baseline or a severely t...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-1781(94)90045-0
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine patients' response profiles to the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) and to evaluate the potential of response styles as predictors of the future course of psychotic disorders in terms of rehospitalisation and maintenance of medication. A total of 371 psychiatric in-pati...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2012.03.033
更新日期:2012-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Following a drug-free placebo period lasting at least 1 week, 10 female and 11 male newly hospitalized schizophrenic patients received chlorpromazine (CPZ) 200 mg/day for 1 week and 400 mg/day the following week. Serum CPZ equivalent (CPZ-E) levels were measured at the end of each week of CPZ treatment with a radiorec...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-1781(83)90001-x
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discrepancies between scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), as well as differences regarding their sensitivity to detect change, have been reported. This study investigates discrepancies and their potential prediction on the basis of demographic, personality, an...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.11.014
更新日期:2012-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe psychiatric disorder prevalent in combat veterans. Previous neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that patients with PTSD exhibit abnormal responses to non-threatening visual and auditory stimuli, but have not examined somatosensory processing. Thirty male combat veter...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.06.012
更新日期:2015-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Bipolar Disorder (BD) is associated with impairment in a number of areas including poor work functioning, often despite the remission of mood symptoms. The present study aimed to examine the role of sleep disturbance and cognitive functioning in occupational impairment in BD. Twenty-four euthymic BD participants and 2...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.09.051
更新日期:2015-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The major aims of this study were to examine how, if at all, having higher levels of PTSD would be associated with performance on a facial affect recognition task in which facial expressions of emotion are superimposed on emotionally valenced, non-face images. College students with trauma histories (N = 90) completed ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.04.055
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel magnetic resonance imaging method was used to determine whether it is feasible to detect early signs of cortical atrophy among individuals who are at high risk for developing schizophrenia. Fifteen individuals at high-risk for schizophrenia and 15 of their first degree relatives diagnosed with schizophrenia we...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2006.04.010
更新日期:2006-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::The current paper evaluates Criterion B for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Disorder, which states that non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) must occur for at least one function. The majority of individuals who engage in NSSI report at least one function, so it is unclear if Criterion B provides diagnostic utility in individuals ...
journal_title:Psychiatry research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.07.025
更新日期:2016-10-30 00:00:00