Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Walkable urban form predicts physical activity and lower body mass index, which lower C-reactive protein (CRP). However, urban form is also related to pollution, noise, social and health behavior, crowding, and other stressors, which may complement or contravene walkability effects. PURPOSE:This paper assesses within-neighborhood correlation of CRP, and whether three features of walkable urban form (residential density, street connectivity, and land use mix) are associated with CRP levels. METHODS:CRP measures (n=610) and sociodemographic data come from the 2001-3 Chicago Community Adult Health Study, linked with objective built environment data. RESULTS:Within-neighborhood correlations of CRP are greater than those of related health measures. A one standard deviation increase in residential density predicts significantly higher log CRP (e.g. β=0.11, p<.01) in Chicago, while a one standard deviation increase in land use mix predicts significantly lower CRP (e.g. β=-0. 19, p<0.01). Street connectivity is unrelated to CRP in this highly walkable city. DISCUSSION:Results suggest that residential density may be a risk factor for inflammation, while greater walkability of mixed land use areas may be protective. It may be that negative aspects of density overcome the inflammatory benefits of walking.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
King Kdoi
10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.09.019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-12-01 00:00:00pages
850-4issue
6eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260pii
S0091-7435(13)00365-4journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The 2014 National Research Council report on American incarceration optimistically anticipated the Affordable Care Act (ACA) would be "a turning point in the nation's health care, and … will provide unprecedented access to care for many people being released from correctional facilities." However, the ACA was not desi...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105897
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:METHODS. One hundred six smokers seen in a family practice received brief physician advice and a prescription for nicotine gum. Smokers were randomly assigned to pay $20, $6, or $0/box of nicotine gum and followed for 6 months. RESULTS. Decreased cost increased the incidence of obtaining gum, the amount of gum used, a...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(91)90046-7
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous reports have indicated that coffee drinking is associated with an unhealthy lifestyle, compared with tea drinking, which may confound the effect in relation to coronary risk factors. METHODS:In a population sample of 2,400 25- to 64-year-old men and women, associations of lifestyle factors with cof...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1994.1052
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children and adolescents recently have become a group targeted for health promotion efforts. It is argued that early behavioral intervention will alter patterns of behavior that might place young people at increased risk for chronic diseases later in life. The Minnesota Heart Health Program is a longitudinal, communit...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(85)90064-7
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies of the cardiovascular consequences of combat stress are few and inconclusive. OBJECTIVE:The association between combat exposure and subclinical atherosclerosis at Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study visits 1 (1987-1989) and 2 (1990-1992) was assessed among 5347 men from four U.S. commun...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.02.009
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although several epidemiologic investigations have suggested a protective role of green tea against cardiovascular diseases and cancer, few studies examined how consumption of green tea was associated with intake of other dietary factors. METHODS:In the winters of 1989-1991, 880 men ages 40-49 years were ra...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1997.0194
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite the availability of condoms and theoretically based interventions to promote their use, sexually active women aged 15 to 25 years continue to put themselves at risk for sexually transmitted diseases and unintended pregnancy. METHODS:One hundred ninety-eight inner city women were interviewed about kn...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.04.037
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The effects of influenza vaccination on ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients remain controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of influenza vaccination on all-cause mortality and hospitalization for cardiovascular disease in elderly IHD patients. METHODS:Elderly patients (>65 years...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.03.020
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (2008 Guidelines) included a novel aerobic physical activity standard, in excess of minimum standards, for more extensive health benefits (>300 minutes/week of moderate-intensity, 150 minutes/week of vigorous-intensity, or an equivalent combination). Preval...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.05.014
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reviews research studies evaluating the use of financial incentives to promote weight control conducted between 1972 and 2010. It provides an overview of behavioral theories pertaining to incentives and describes empirical studies evaluating specific aspects of incentives. Research on financial incentives a...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.12.024
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Our objective was to create and explore potential uses of a composite "Healthy Lifestyle" measure based on Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) Objectives for behaviors shown to be associated with morbidity and mortality. METHODS:Data were from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N=412,942) on five...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.12.005
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To provide updated information on smoking prevalence in Italy, with a focus on type of tobacco product, including hand-rolled (HR) cigarettes. METHOD:Two nationally representative surveys were conducted in 2011 and 2012 in Italy on a total sample of 6167 adults. Information on type of tobacco most frequently...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.02.009
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the combined effects and relative importance of socio-cultural factors as well as parents' subjectively perceived and objectively assessed environment on time children spent vigorously playing outdoors. METHODS:Cross-sectional study conducted in Berne, Biel-Bienne, and Payerne (Switzerland) duri...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.03.008
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess existing research on the effects of various interventions on levels of bicycling. Interventions include infrastructure (e.g., bike lanes and parking), integration with public transport, education and marketing programs, bicycle access programs, and legal issues. METHODS:A comprehensive search of p...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.07.028
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Nutrition interventions targeted to individuals are unlikely to significantly shift US dietary patterns as a whole. Environmental and policy interventions are more promising for shifting these patterns. We review interventions that influenced the environment through food availability, access, pricing, or inf...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.04.002
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Genetic tests for nicotine addiction susceptibility may someday offer preventive medicine specialists new tools to reduce smoking among adolescents. This paper examines adolescents' interest in, and reasons behind interest in, such testing and correlates of interest. METHODS:The sample included 211 healthy ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2005.09.007
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Previous research from other countries shows a positive association between cancer risk and regional deprivation. This study explores this association for lung and colorectal cancers in Germany. METHOD:Regional deprivation was assessed by the 'Bavarian Index of Multiple Deprivation'. Cancer data were provide...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.07.021
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examined the feasibility and effectiveness of an intervention to mobilize women in the social networks of pregnant smokers to support smoking cessation. METHODS:This study was conducted in St. Paul, Minnesota, and Columbus, Ohio, from 2005 through 2007. Pregnant smokers (n=82) identified a woman in their...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.01.003
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to determine whether attainment of clinical and lifestyle targets varied by race and sex among adults with diabetes onset in older adulthood. This study included 1420 black and white adults from the REGARDS study without diabetes at baseline (2003-07) but with diabetes onset at the foll...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106217
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the last 25 years a remarkable change has occurred in the ranking of the causes of death in Japan. In particular, stroke, the leading cause of death in Japan for a long period of time, has been declining from its peak in 1965. Although ischemic heart disease increased about fourfold, it is not yet as prominent ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(83)90198-6
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Cancer Information Service (CIS) was established in 1975 by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to provide accurate, up-to-date information about cancer to the nation. Although the CIS has in the past served as a venue for cancer communications research, up until very recently the research capacity of the CIS was ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1998.0245
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Amid current changes in health care access across the United States, the importance of health insurance status and insurance type relative to demographic, actual, and perceived health variables as determinants of screening for breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer is uncertain. This analysis evaluates the ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2000.0697
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Overall incidence of breast cancer is slightly lower, but mortality rates are higher, for Black women compared to White women. Higher body mass index (BMI), sedentary lifestyles, and lower compliance with recommended breast health behaviors may contribute to higher risk and mortality. METHODS:A randomized p...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.06.018
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study explored youths' experiences and perceptions about community engagement as a result of participating in a community-based data collection project using paper and mobile technology park environmental audit tools. In July 2014, youth (ages 11-18, n=50) were recruited to participate in nine focus groups after ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.043
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To estimate the prevalence of physical activity (PA) and associated variables in the Moroccan adult population. METHODS:Population-based, May 2008 survey of a representative sample of Moroccan adults. PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS:Mean age was 41.4 yea...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.03.009
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this study is to provide, for the United States, estimates for gun-owning and non-owning households in terms of firearm and non-firearm suicides and suicide attempts. To make these ballpark estimates I combine a half-dozen known "facts" about suicide (e.g., households with firearms are at approximately 3× ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.12.003
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and marijuana remain prevalent problems among adolescents nationwide. We assessed current (past 30-day) exclusive e-cigarette use, exclusive marijuana use, and concurrent use with unintentional injury and violent behaviors, alcohol and other drug use behaviors, and sexua...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106429
更新日期：2021-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The goal of this study is to better understand factors related to physician treatment of tobacco as a chronic medical condition. METHODS:In the fall of 2000, we conducted a mail survey of primary care physicians in a large mid-western health plan. The response rate was 61% (750/1235). The survey assessed ph...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.11.016
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Suicide is an important public health problem that requires a preventive approach. The present study aimed at assessing suicidal behaviors and their relations with other psychosocial factors in Campeche, Mexico, in order to inform the design of potential preventive interventions. A multistage probability sample of 238...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.09.011
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper presents a conceptual framework that has guided three randomized, controlled early intervention trials designed to improve cognitive development and social competence in high-risk young children from birth to 3 years of age. Two of the projects (Abecedarian and CARE) enrolled infants from economically and s...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验,评审
doi：10.1006/pmed.1998.0279
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
