Abstract：
:An essential component of the brain extracellular space is the extracellular matrix contributing to the spatial assembly of cells by binding cell-surface adhesion molecules, supporting cell migration, differentiation, and tissue development. The most interesting and complex functions of the central nervous system are the abilities to encode new information (learning) and to store this information (memory). The creation of perineuronal nets, consisting mostly of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, stabilizes the synapses and memory trails and forms protective shields against neurodegenerative processes but terminates plasticity and the potential for recovery of the tissue. Age-related changes in the extracellular matrix composition and the extracellular space volume and permissivity are major determinants of the onset and development of the most common neurodegenerative disorder, Alzheimer's disease. In this regard, heparan sulfate proteoglycans, involved in amyloid clearance from the brain, play an important role in Alzheimer's disease and other types of neurodegeneration. Additional key players in the modification of the extracellular matrix are matrix metalloproteinases. Recent studies show that the extracellular matrix and matrix metalloproteinases are important regulators of plasticity, learning, and memory and might be involved in different neurological disorders like epilepsy, schizophrenia, addiction, and dementia. The identification of molecules and mechanisms that modulate these processes is crucial for the understanding of brain function and dysfunction and for the design of new therapeutic approaches targeting the molecular mechanism underlying these neurological disorders.
journal_name
Prog Brain Resjournal_title
Progress in brain researchauthors
Morawski M,Filippov M,Tzinia A,Tsilibary E,Vargova Ldoi
10.1016/B978-0-444-63486-3.00010-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
207-27eissn
0079-6123issn
1875-7855pii
B978-0-444-63486-3.00010-4journal_volume
214pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:During walking, an increase in speed is accompanied by a decrease in the stance phase duration while the swing phase remains relatively invariant. By definition, the rhythm generator in the lumbar spinal cord controls cycle period, phase durations, and phase transitions. Our first aim was to determine if this asymmetr...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53825-3.00007-3
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:VLBW infants are at risk of lesions including intraventricular haemorrhage and periventricular leucomalacia. Those with normal IQ still present with reading difficulties. Oculomotor performance was assessed on 14 VLBWs (IQ > 85) and 15 full-term age-matched controls. Anti-saccade errors were significantly higher for t...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(02)40070-2
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral malformations are best understood as abnormal tissue morphogenesis in the context of disorders of ontogenesis. In neuroembryology, the timing of onset and duration of abnormal genetic expression and neurodevelopmental processes are primordial and must always be assessed, regardless whether the dysgenesis is p...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-63326-2.00010-7
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cytoarchitecture and the histochemistry of nucleus prepositus hypoglossi and its afferent and efferent connections to oculomotor structures are described. The functional significance of the afferent connections of the nucleus is discussed in terms of current knowledge of the firing behavior of prepositus neurons i...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(05)51007-0
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The following chapter offers an overview of results of experimental studies conducted among healthy individuals examining the effects of acute administration of Δ9-THC and other cannabinoids, alone or in combination, on brain function and behavior, also as a function of previous cannabis exposure. In light of their me...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.08.010
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complex migrations of neurons born in the dorsal neural tube of the isthmic and rhombomere l (rl) domains complicate the delineation of the cerebellar primordium. We show that Purkinje cells (P) are likely generated over a wide territory before gathering in the future cerebellar primordium under the developing ext...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(04)48003-0
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The results from the language studies taken as a whole point to different developmental time courses and developmental vulnerabilities of aspects of grammatical and semantic/lexical processing. They thus provide support for conceptions of language that distinguish these subprocesses within language. Similarly, followi...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(02)38078-6
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:GABAergic interneurons of the parvalbumin-positive fast-spiking basket cells subtype (PV INs) are important regulators of cortical network excitability and of gamma oscillations, involved in signal processing and cognition. Impaired development or function of PV INs has been associated with epilepsy in various animal ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.04.012
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies with nicotine have, from the outset, been of fundamental importance for the elucidation of physiological mechanisms. However, many nicotinic cholinoreceptors do not appear to subserve a physiological role, at least within the present framework of knowledge. The main challenge in the immediate future is to dete...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62461-9
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The organization of key molecules at glutamatergic synapses in the rat cerebellar cortex as analyzed by high resolution immunocytochemical techniques using gold particles as markers. The distinct compartmentation of glutamate and glutamine was consistent with biochemical data indicating an active role of glia in the r...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63360-9
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The visual system is tied to the retina. Because the eyes move in the orbit, and the head moves on the body, accurate location of an object in extrapersonal space cannot simply result from a visual signal. Instead, the retinal signal must be combined with an estimate of where the eyes are in the orbit, and where the h...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00606-7
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Language is predominantly a left hemisphere function, yet patients with extensive damage to known language areas often recover quite well in the days to weeks to even years following focal brain injury. This recovery period can be divided into three overlapping stages: acute, subacute, and chronic, each with different...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)57009-8
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Variation in neocortex size is one of the defining features of mammalian brain evolution. The paramount assumption has been that neocortex size indicates a monotonic allometric relationship with brain size. This assumption holds the concomitant neurodevelopmental assumption that the ontogenetic trajectory of neocortex...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.05.002
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early intervention and environmental optimization have been central to management of Down syndrome (DS) and much of current treatment is still focused in strategies that involve early education plans. This approach has provided significant improvements for Down syndrome but it is not providing a full success. The disc...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.11.001
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two cortical areas that crucially contribute to the generation and maintenance of smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) are the medial superior temporal area (MST) and the pursuit area of the frontal eye fields (FEF). They both project to the brainstem premotor structures via different parallel pathways. A special prope...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00636-5
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human and nonhuman primates predictively use smooth pursuit and saccades to track visual targets that move in a fronto-parallel plane. This behaviour is believed to be facilitated by short-term memory of the target motion and/or an efference copy of the subject's motor effort. Subjects in our experiments tracked dicho...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00666-3
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postural instability and falls are common causes of morbidity and mortality in the second most prevalent neurodegenerative condition, Parkinson's disease (PD). Poor understanding of balance dysfunction in PD has hampered the development of novel therapeutic measures for postural instability and balance dysfunction. We...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.03.034
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) research to date has focused almost exclusively on the pathophysiology of injured neurons with very little attention paid to non-neuronal cells. However in the past decade, exciting discoveries have challenged this century-old view of passive glial cells and have led to a reinterpretation ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)61005-4
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There has been a controversy on the moral import of music and art in general. On the one hand, the moralist view contends that there is some sort of link between art and morality, even if the way to specify this link may be highly diverse. It comprises most of the classical views of art, from Schiller's view of the ro...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.03.015
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glaucoma is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that begins at the onset of aging. In this disease, there is an involvement of the immune system and therefore of the microglia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the microglial activation using a mouse model of ocular hypertension (OHT) at the onset of aging...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.05.024
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fatigue is considered to be an important and frequent factor in motivation problems. However, this term lacks clinical and pathophysiological validity. Semantic precision has to be improved. Lack of drive and tiredness with increased sleepiness as observed in fatigue in the context of inflammatory and immunological pr...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.06.001
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent years have brought a rapid growth in knowledge of the prodromal phase of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is now clear that the clinical phase of PD is preceded by a phase of progressing neurodegeneration lasting many years. This involves not only central nervous system structures outside the substantia nigra and n...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.01.003
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nervous system can generate rhythms of various frequencies; on the low-frequency side, we have the circuits regulating circadian rhythms with a 24-h period, while on the high-frequency side we have the motor circuits that underlie flight in a hummingbird. Given the ubiquitous nature of rhythms, it is surprising th...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53613-6.00004-6
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent upsurge in research has uncovered distinct circuitries that regulate appetite, energy expenditure and fat accrual under the supervision of hormonal feedback signalling of adipocyte leptin and gastric ghrelin in the hypothalamic integration of energy homeostasis. A host of messenger molecules of diverse chemical...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)81002-3
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the developing rat spinal cord, formation and differentiation of the central pattern generator for locomotion occur during the prenatal period. Early on, excitatory synaptic transmission mediated by glycine receptors plays a leading role for rhythmogenesis, at a later stage, followed by glutamate-receptor-mediated ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(03)43005-7
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Life expectancies have increased substantially in the last century, dramatically amplifying the proportion of individuals who will reach old age. As individuals age, cognitive ability declines, although the rate of decline differs amongst the forms of memory domains and for different individuals. Memory domains especi...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(10)82002-3
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present results of a study of torsional eye movements evoked by earth-vertical accelerations along the subject's longitudinal axis. The earth-vertical stimulus leads to a gravito-inertial acceleration vector that changes magnitude but not direction. It can therefore be viewed as a dynamic change of the gravity leve...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00646-8
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human brain is often characterized in terms of a duality, with the left and right brains serving complementary functions, and even individuals are sometimes classified as either "left-brained" or "right-brained." Recent evidence from brain imaging shows that hemispheric asymmetry is multidimensional, comprised of ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.04.041
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanism is at the heart of understanding, and this chapter addresses underlying brain mechanisms and pathways of cognition and the impact of sleep on these processes, especially those serving learning and memory. This chapter reviews the current understanding of the relationship between sleep/waking states and cogni...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53702-7.00001-4
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive control and decision making are two important research areas in the realm of higher-order cognition. Control processes such as interference control and monitoring in cognitive and affective contexts have been found to influence the process of decision making. Development of control processes follows a gradua...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-62604-2.00018-6
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
