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Dose-dependent expression of claudin-5 is a modifying factor in schizophrenia.

Abstract：

:Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects up to 1% of the general population. Various genes show associations with schizophrenia and a very weak nominal association with the tight junction protein, claudin-5, has previously been identified. Claudin-5 is expressed in endothelial cells forming part of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Furthermore, schizophrenia occurs in 30% of individuals with 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), a population who are haploinsufficient for the claudin-5 gene. Here, we show that a variant in the claudin-5 gene is weakly associated with schizophrenia in 22q11DS, leading to 75% less claudin-5 being expressed in endothelial cells. We also show that targeted adeno-associated virus-mediated suppression of claudin-5 in the mouse brain results in localized BBB disruption and behavioural changes. Using an inducible 'knockdown' mouse model, we further link claudin-5 suppression with psychosis through a distinct behavioural phenotype showing impairments in learning and memory, anxiety-like behaviour and sensorimotor gating. In addition, these animals develop seizures and die after 3-4 weeks of claudin-5 suppression, reinforcing the crucial role of claudin-5 in normal neurological function. Finally, we show that anti-psychotic medications dose-dependently increase claudin-5 expression in vitro and in vivo while aberrant, discontinuous expression of claudin-5 in the brains of schizophrenic patients post mortem was observed compared to age-matched controls. Together, these data suggest that BBB disruption may be a modifying factor in the development of schizophrenia and that drugs directly targeting the BBB may offer new therapeutic opportunities for treating this disorder.

journal_name

Mol Psychiatry

journal_title

Molecular psychiatry

authors

Greene C,Kealy J,Humphries MM,Gong Y,Hou J,Hudson N,Cassidy LM,Martiniano R,Shashi V,Hooper SR,Grant GA,Kenna PF,Norris K,Callaghan CK,Islam MD,O'Mara SM,Najda Z,Campbell SG,Pachter JS,Thomas J,Williams NM,Humph

doi

10.1038/mp.2017.156

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-11-01 00:00:00

pages

2156-2166

issue

11

eissn

1359-4184

issn

1476-5578

pii

10.1038/mp.2017.156

journal_volume

23

pub_type

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