Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Anxiety disorders are associated with disruptions in both emotional processing and decision making. As a result, anxious individuals often make decisions that favor harm avoidance. However, this bias could be driven by enhanced aversion to uncertainty about the decision outcome (e.g., risk) or aversion to negative outcomes (e.g., loss). Distinguishing between these possibilities may provide a better cognitive understanding of anxiety disorders and hence inform treatment strategies. METHODS:To address this question, unmedicated individuals with pathological anxiety (n = 25) and matched healthy control subjects (n = 23) completed a gambling task featuring a decision between a gamble and a safe (certain) option on every trial. Choices on one type of gamble-involving weighing a potential win against a potential loss (mixed)-could be driven by both loss and risk aversion, whereas choices on the other type-featuring only wins (gain only)-were exclusively driven by risk aversion. By fitting a computational prospect theory model to participants' choices, we were able to reliably estimate risk and loss aversion and their respective contribution to gambling decisions. RESULTS:Relative to healthy control subjects, pathologically anxious participants exhibited enhanced risk aversion but equivalent levels of loss aversion. CONCLUSIONS:Individuals with pathological anxiety demonstrate clear avoidance biases in their decision making. These findings suggest that this may be driven by a reduced propensity to take risks rather than a stronger aversion to losses. This important clarification suggests that psychological interventions for anxiety should focus on reducing risk sensitivity rather than reducing sensitivity to negative outcomes per se.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
Charpentier CJ,Aylward J,Roiser JP,Robinson OJdoi
10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.12.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-06-15 00:00:00pages
1014-1022issue
12eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006-3223(16)33111-0journal_volume
81pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The cortisol response to ipsapirone (a 5-HT1A-partial agonist that produces a dose-dependent increase in plasma cortisol secretion in man) is blunted in major depression. Buspirone is another 5-HT1A agonist that increases cortisol secretion in man. This study investigated cortisol and prolactin (PRL) responses to busp...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.07.010
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:2000-06-15 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.07.018
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2003-06-15 00:00:00
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.03.023
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(95)00595-1
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genetic studies of schizophrenia have implicated numerous risk loci including several copy number variants (CNVs) of large effect and hundreds of loci of small effect. In only a few cases has a specific gene been clearly identified. Rare CNVs affecting a single gene offer a potential avenue to discovering sc...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1999-12-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(92)90231-n
更新日期:1992-02-15 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00