Abstract：
PURPOSE:Intravenous (IV) magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is used as adjunct therapy to treat acute asthma exacerbations. Despite its clinical use, there is a limited understanding of the disposition of magnesium in children. METHODS:To explore the pharmacokinetics (PK) of IV MgSO4 in this population, we collected retrospective data from 54 children who received IV MgSO4 for treatment of an acute asthma exacerbation at Primary Children's Hospital in Salt Lake City, UT. These data were analyzed using population PK modeling techniques in NONMEM® to determine sources of variability affecting the disposition of magnesium, as well as to predict the dose of IV MgSO4 needed to achieve clinical benefit. RESULTS:The covariate analysis found that only weight was a significant predictor of magnesium concentrations in children. Estimated model parameters suggested that magnesium exhibits a short serum half-life (2.7 h) in children. The average endogenous magnesium concentration (prior to administration of IV MgSO4) was estimated to be 21 mg/L. Simulated data suggested that doses between 50 and 75 mg/kg are required to achieve concentration-time profiles within a hypothesized target therapeutic range between 25 and 40 mg/L. CONCLUSIONS:These results provide new insight into the disposition of IV MgSO4 in children and provide dosing guidelines for future prospective studies of IV MgSO4 in children with acute asthma.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Rower JE,Liu X,Yu T,Mundorff M,Sherwin CM,Johnson MDdoi
10.1007/s00228-016-2165-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-03-01 00:00:00pages
325-331issue
3eissn
0031-6970issn
1432-1041pii
10.1007/s00228-016-2165-3journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The maternofetal transfer of the beta 1-selective adrenergic antagonist celiprolol has been studied in four hypertensive pregnant women. Fetal plasma concentrations were about 25-50% of the levels found on the maternal side. There was no significant difference between the plasma concentrations of the two enantiomers i...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00316477
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study was conducted to examine a complex effect of ciprofibrate therapy in patients with atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype. METHODS:Effects of ciprofibrate were studied on HDL subpopulations, HDL ability to esterify cholesterol (FER(HDL)), susceptibility of LDL to oxidation as well as on in vivo oxidat...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050537
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of repaglinide, a novel oral prandial glucose regulator, with that of glibenclamide, an oral hypoglycaemic agent, in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS:This was a 14-week, double-blind, parallel-group trail in which a total of 195 type 2 diabetic patien...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s002280050613
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an open triple crossover study in 8 patients with essential hypertension, the possibility has been investigated of whether the blood pressure lowering effect of hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg once daily was attenuated by co-administration for 4 weeks of ibuprofen 400 mg t.i.d., diclofenac 25 mg t.i.d. or sulindac 200 mg...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00606629
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate if an intervention aimed at improving the quality of the diagnostic procedures in Spanish general practice could lower antibiotic prescribing in patients with respiratory tract infections (RTIs). METHODS:GPs in the intervention group (n=17) registered all patients with RTIs during a 3-week per...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-006-0187-y
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kinetics of 14C-metformin have been studied in five healthy subjects after oral and intravenous administration. The intravenous dose was distributed to a small central compartment of 9.9 +/- 1.61 (X +/- SE), from which its elimination could be described using three-compartment open model. The elimination half-life...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00562061
更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate pharmacokinetics (PK) of encapsulated CPT-11, released CPT-11 and the active metabolite SN-38 following administration of IHL-305 and to identify factors that may influence IHL-305 PK. METHODS:Plasma samples from 39 patients with solid tumors were collected in a phase I study. IHL-305 was admini...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-013-1580-y
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Influence of food on the serum concentration and kinetics ambenonium chloride (AMBC) has been examined in thirteen patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). Mean serum concentrations and Cmax during fasting were higher than those in the non-fasting state. The AUC (0-3 h) was also about four-times larger. The drug effects ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00280120
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The anti-obesity drug Xenical (orlistat, Roche) was launched on the Swedish market in February 1999. The sales peaked in May 1999 and then declined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the press coverage of Xenical during the period 1998-2000 and, if possible, relate press attention to Xenical sales ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-005-0914-9
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The levels of doxycycline in serum, bile and the gallbladder wall were determined in 25 patients during cholecystectomy, by means of bioassay after previous intravenous administration of doxycycline. The mean biliary level exceeded 20 microgram/ml, and the mean level in the gallbladder wall was greater than 2 microgra...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00554664
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The systemic availability of oral zidovudine has been studied in 13 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dosed either fasting or with breakfast. The mean peak plasma concentration and AUC of zidovudine were significantly 2.8- and 1.4-times higher in fasting patients than in those treated during ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00315215
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was considered that double-blind crossover studies of therapeutic efficacy after acute injury could well be done in patients who required surgical removal of impacted wisdom teeth from both sides of the lower jaw. In the present trial 24 healthy patients received either placebo or ibuprofen (Brufen: 400 mg three ti...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00567117
更新日期：1975-04-04 00:00:00
abstract：:In the 3rd paragraph and 2nd line of the Conclusion section the correct sentence should be: It is now important to encourage policy and decision makers to facilitate and accommodate future linkage of data. ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi：10.1007/s00228-017-2358-4
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:After liver transplantation (LT), genotypic differences between the recipient and the transplanted liver, medications and post-LT complications may all affect drug metabolism. We have studied the effect of two CYP2D6 mutations in the donor and the recipient on post-LT CYP2D6 phenotype. METHOD:The CYP2D6 phen...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050419
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of a single oral dose of 40 mg xipamide on urinary excretion of Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in healthy subjects and in patients with varying degrees of renal impairment was compared with various conventional diuretics. Xipamide caused marked excretion of Na+ and Cl-, whereas the diuretic produced only moder...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00542150
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Caffeine-containing beverages are generally consumed by Nigerians suffering from malaria and kwashiorkor in the belief that caffeine aids early recovery from these illnesses, which are common in the tropics. However, there are no studies on the influence of these diseases on the absorption and pharmacokineti...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050734
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 8.5-month prospective study was performed in the Rhône area of France to study the incidence of infectious diseases in children in day care, and the qualitative and quantitative aspects of drug prescriptions for young children. The families of 1.359 children agreed to participate (98.5% of those selected). During th...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00626376
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between polypharmacy with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and medication regimen complexity with HRQoL in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). METHODS:A cross-sectional study of 383 residents from six Australian RACFs was conducted. The pr...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-016-2075-4
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Carvedilol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent with additional alpha(1)-adrenoceptor blocking properties, has been shown to improve left ventricular function in chronic heart failure (CHF). However, its effect on mortality has recently been the subject of controversial discussion. The aim of this meta-analysi...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1007/s002280050460
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Administration of fluvoxamine (FLV) with concomitant benzodiazepines is common in clinical situations. We studied the effects of the coadministration of FLV on plasma concentrations of alprazolam (ALP). We also studied the effects of CYP2C19(*)2 or CYP2C19(*)3 on these drug interactions. METHODS:The subject...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-003-0563-9
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:In elderly patients, both falls and impaired memory are considerable medical problems. Hypnotics, which are frequently administered to this patient group for the treatment of insomnia, should ideally not impair equilibrium or memory functions. This double-blind, randomised, four-way, cross-over study investig...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00228-003-0591-5
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Nevirapine (NVP) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, widely prescribed for type 1 human immunodeficiency virus infection. A small proportion of individuals treated with NVP experience severe cutaneous adverse events, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)....
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-013-1549-x
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral and sublingual isoxsuprine 20 mg were compared with placebo in double blind randomised cross over trial in 7 patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. Skin thermography, plethysmography of the finger tips and direct temperature measurements showed that sublingual isoxsuprine was slightly but consistently superior to th...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00615400
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of vasodilation-related events (flushing, headache, dizziness and oedema) was determined in a total of 37,670 patients treated with diltiazem, nicardipine, isradipine or amlodipine and studied by Prescription-Event Monitoring between 1984 and 1991. Event rates are expressed as the percentage of patients ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00202163
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:Our aim was to characterize utilization patterns for drugs used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on the level of the individual patient among Danish users, focusing on treatment duration, doses used, and concurrent use of ADHD and non-ADHD drugs. METHODS:Using the Danish Registry of Medicin...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-012-1344-0
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of a new controlled-release (CR) formulation of metoprolol have been compared with those of atenolol. Metoprolol CR (100 mg and 200 mg), atenolol (50 mg and 100 mg) and placebo were each given once daily for four days in a double-blind, cross-over study to ten healthy men...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00578408
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess the influence of the P450 oxidoreductase 28 SNP (POR 28) on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in the Chinese population. METHODS:Seventy-one healthy Chinese volunteers enrolled in the study received an oral dose of 2 mg of tacrolimus after providing written informed consent. CYP3A5 3 was genotyped by polym...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-012-1432-1
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to analyze the cases of gynecomastia associated with α1A-adrenergic receptor antagonists (α1-ARAs) in the Italian spontaneous reporting system database (Rete Nazionale di Farmacovigilanza or RNF) and in the World Health Organization ICSRs database (VigiBase(™)), focusing on tamsulosin ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-014-1700-3
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Regulation EU 536/2014 EU introduces a separation between two parts (technical-scientific aspects and locally relevant ethical aspects) in the assessment of applications for approval of trials and provides for each 'Member State concerned' to arrive at 'one single decision' regarding the application for au...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-016-2009-1
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate adherence to prescription in a female population aged 35-65 years. DESIGN:Postal questionnaire study of 2991 randomly sampled 35- to 64-year-old women in seven provinces of central Sweden. METHODS:The study was performed in 1995 as a cross-sectional postal questionnaire study in seven countie...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-006-0246-4
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
