Mach-Zehnder interferometry using spin- and valley-polarized quantum Hall edge states in graphene.

abstract：:As one of the most prolific and widespread reef builders, the staghorn coral Acropora holds a disproportionately large role in how coral reefs will respond to accelerating anthropogenic change. We show that although Acropora has a diverse history extended over the past 50 million years, it was not a dominant reef buil...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Renema W,Pandolfi JM,Kiessling W,Bosellini FR,Klaus JS,Korpanty C,Rosen BR,Santodomingo N,Wallace CC,Webster JM,Johnson KG

更新日期：2016-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Electron interferometry via phase-contrast microscopy, holography, or picodiffraction can provide a direct visualization of the static electric and magnetic fields inside or around a material at subatomic precision, but understanding the electromagnetic origin of light-matter interaction requires time resolution as we...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Mohler KJ,Ehberger D,Gronwald I,Lange C,Huber R,Baum P

更新日期：2020-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Predicted changes in the intensity and frequency of climate extremes urge a better mechanistic understanding of the stress response of microbially mediated carbon (C) and nutrient cycling processes. We analyzed the resistance and resilience of microbial C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycling processes and microbi...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Mooshammer M,Hofhansl F,Frank AH,Wanek W,Hämmerle I,Leitner S,Schnecker J,Wild B,Watzka M,Keiblinger KM,Zechmeister-Boltenstern S,Richter A

更新日期：2017-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Passive radiative cooling functions by reflecting the solar spectrum and emitting infrared waves in broadband or selectively. However, cooling enclosed spaces that trap heat by greenhouse effect remains a challenge. We present a Janus emitter (JET) consisting of an Ag-polydimethylsiloxane layer on micropatterned quart...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Heo SY,Lee GJ,Kim DH,Kim YJ,Ishii S,Kim MS,Seok TJ,Lee BJ,Lee H,Song YM

更新日期：2020-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytosolic RNA sensing is a prerequisite for initiation of innate immune response against RNA viral pathogens. Signaling through RIG-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene I)-like receptors (RLRs) to TBK1 (Tank-binding kinase 1)/IKKε (IκB kinase ε) kinases is transduced by mitochondria-associated MAVS (mitochondrial antiviral...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Xiang W,Zhang Q,Lin X,Wu S,Zhou Y,Meng F,Fan Y,Shen T,Xiao M,Xia Z,Zou J,Feng XH,Xu P

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites are emerging as promising materials for next-generation light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, the poor stability of these materials has been the main obstacle challenging their application. Here, we performed first-principles calculations, revealing that the molecule dissoc...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Shang Y,Liao Y,Wei Q,Wang Z,Xiang B,Ke Y,Liu W,Ning Z

更新日期：2019-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen oxides, released from fossil fuel use and other combustion processes, affect air quality and climate. From the mid-1990s onward, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has been monitored from space, and since 2004 with relatively high spatial resolution by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument. Strong upward NO2 trends have been o...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Lelieveld J,Beirle S,Hörmann C,Stenchikov G,Wagner T

更新日期：2015-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In traditional models of heteroepitaxy, the substrate serves mainly as a crystalline template for the thin-film lattice, dictating the initial roughness of the film and the degree of coherent strain. Here, performing in situ surface x-ray diffraction during the heteroepitaxial growth of LaTiO3 on SrTiO3 (001), we find...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Cook S,Letchworth-Weaver K,Tung IC,Andersen TK,Hong H,Marks LD,Fong DD

更新日期：2019-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis are two important neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that cause severe disability. Control efforts are hindered by the lack of a safe macrofilaricidal drug. Targeting the Wolbachia bacterial endosymbionts in these parasites with doxycycline leads to a macrofilaricidal outcome, b...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Johnston KL,Cook DAN,Berry NG,David Hong W,Clare RH,Goddard M,Ford L,Nixon GL,O'Neill PM,Ward SA,Taylor MJ

更新日期：2017-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we report the existence of a communication system among human smooth muscle cells that uses mechanical forces to frequency modulate long-range calcium waves. An important consequence of this mechanical signaling is that changes in stiffness of the underlying extracellular matrix can interfere with the f...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Stasiak SE,Jamieson RR,Bouffard J,Cram EJ,Parameswaran H

更新日期：2020-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurodegenerative disorders are caused by progressive neuronal loss, and there is no complete treatment available yet. Neuroinflammation is a common feature across neurodegenerative disorders and implicated in the progression of neurodegeneration. Dysregulated activation of microglia causes neuroinflammation and has b...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Nakano-Kobayashi A,Fukumoto A,Morizane A,Nguyen DT,Le TM,Hashida K,Hosoya T,Takahashi R,Takahashi J,Hori O,Hagiwara M

更新日期：2020-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional status determines the HIV replicative state in infected patients. However, the transcriptional mechanisms for proviral replication control remain unclear. In this study, we show that, apart from its function in HIV integration, LEDGF/p75 differentially regulates HIV transcription in latency and provira...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Gao R,Bao J,Yan H,Xie L,Qin W,Ning H,Huang S,Cheng J,Zhi R,Li Z,Tucker B,Chen Y,Zhang K,Wu X,Liu Z,Gao X,Hu D

更新日期：2020-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Sedimentary hydrocarbon remnants of eukaryotic C26-C30 sterols can be used to reconstruct early algal evolution. Enhanced C29 sterol abundances provide algal cell membranes a density advantage in large temperature fluctuations. Here, we combined a literature review with new analyses to generate a comprehensive invento...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Hoshino Y,Poshibaeva A,Meredith W,Snape C,Poshibaev V,Versteegh GJM,Kuznetsov N,Leider A,van Maldegem L,Neumann M,Naeher S,Moczydłowska M,Brocks JJ,Jarrett AJM,Tang Q,Xiao S,McKirdy D,Das SK,Alvaro JJ,Sansjofre P,

更新日期：2017-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:There have been increasing attempts to reverse habitat degradation through active restoration, but few large-scale successes are reported to guide these efforts. Here, we report outcomes from a unique and very successful seagrass restoration project: Since 1999, over 70 million seeds of a marine angiosperm, eelgrass (...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Orth RJ,Lefcheck JS,McGlathery KS,Aoki L,Luckenbach MW,Moore KA,Oreska MPJ,Snyder R,Wilcox DJ,Lusk B

更新日期：2020-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Sleep serves disparate functions, most notably neural repair, metabolite clearance and circuit reorganization. Yet the relative importance remains hotly debated. Here, we create a novel mechanistic framework for understanding and predicting how sleep changes during ontogeny and across phylogeny. We use this theory to ...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Cao J,Herman AB,West GB,Poe G,Savage VM

更新日期：2020-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a highly dynamic network of membranes. Here, we combine live-cell microscopy with in situ cryo-electron tomography to directly visualize ER dynamics in several secretory cell types including pancreatic β-cells and neurons under near-native conditions. Using these imaging approaches, w...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Carter SD,Hampton CM,Langlois R,Melero R,Farino ZJ,Calderon MJ,Li W,Wallace CT,Tran NH,Grassucci RA,Siegmund SE,Pemberton J,Morgenstern TJ,Eisenman L,Aguilar JI,Greenberg NL,Levy ES,Yi E,Mitchell WG,Rice WJ,Wigge

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maternal immune activation increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. Elevated cytokines, such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ), in offspring's brains play a central role. IFN-γ activates an antiviral cellular state, limiting viral entry and replication. Moreover, IFN-γ is implicated in brain development. We tested th...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Warre-Cornish K,Perfect L,Nagy R,Duarte RRR,Reid MJ,Raval P,Mueller A,Evans AL,Couch A,Ghevaert C,McAlonan G,Loth E,Murphy D,Powell TR,Vernon AC,Srivastava DP,Price J

更新日期：2020-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Myofibroblasts orchestrate wound healing processes, and if they remain activated, they drive disease progression such as fibrosis and cancer. Besides growth factor signaling, the local extracellular matrix (ECM) and its mechanical properties are central regulators of these processes. It remains unknown whether transfo...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Kollmannsberger P,Bidan CM,Dunlop JWC,Fratzl P,Vogel V

更新日期：2018-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Amorphous solids, such as glasses, have complex responses to deformations, with substantial consequences in material design and applications. In this respect, two intertwined aspects are important: stability and reversibility. It is crucial to understand, on the one hand, how a glass may become unstable due to increas...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Jin Y,Urbani P,Zamponi F,Yoshino H

更新日期：2018-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Glass-forming ability (GFA) is the ability of a liquid to avoid crystallization during cooling. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new class of glass formers (1-3), with hitherto unknown dynamic and thermodynamic properties. We report the discovery of a new series of tetrahedral glass systems, zeolitic imidazolate ...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Qiao A,Bennett TD,Tao H,Krajnc A,Mali G,Doherty CM,Thornton AW,Mauro JC,Greaves GN,Yue Y

更新日期：2018-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Adaptation is a fundamental property of sensory systems that can change subjective experiences in the context of recent information. Adaptation has been postulated to arise from recurrent circuit mechanisms or as a consequence of neuronally intrinsic suppression. However, it is unclear whether intrinsic suppression by...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Vinken K,Boix X,Kreiman G

更新日期：2020-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial chemotaxis-a fundamental example of directional navigation in the living world-is key to many biological processes, including the spreading of bacterial infections. Many bacterial species were recently reported to exhibit several distinct swimming modes-the flagella may, for example, push the cell body or wr...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Alirezaeizanjani Z,Großmann R,Pfeifer V,Hintsche M,Beta C

更新日期：2020-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Mobile genetic elements, such as human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), produce proteins that regulate brain cell functions and synaptic transmission and have been implicated in the etiology of neurological and neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders. However, the mechanisms by which these proteins of retroviral orig...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Johansson EM,Bouchet D,Tamouza R,Ellul P,Morr AS,Avignone E,Germi R,Leboyer M,Perron H,Groc L

更新日期：2020-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The Late Paleogene surface height and paleoenvironment for the core area of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) remain critically unresolved. Here, we report the discovery of the youngest well-preserved fossil palm leaves from Tibet. They were recovered from the Late Paleogene (Chattian), ca. 25.5 ± 0.5 million years, p...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Su T,Farnsworth A,Spicer RA,Huang J,Wu FX,Liu J,Li SF,Xing YW,Huang YJ,Deng WY,Tang H,Xu CL,Zhao F,Srivastava G,Valdes PJ,Deng T,Zhou ZK

更新日期：2019-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Over millions of years, the oxidation of organic carbon contained within sedimentary rocks is one of the main sources of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, yet the controls on this emission remain poorly constrained. We use rhenium to track the oxidation of rock-bound organic carbon in the mountain watersheds of New Ze...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Horan K,Hilton RG,Selby D,Ottley CJ,Gröcke DR,Hicks M,Burton KW

更新日期：2017-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The mid-infrared (MIR) spectral range, pertaining to important applications, such as molecular "fingerprint" imaging, remote sensing, free space telecommunication, and optical radar, is of particular scientific interest and technological importance. However, state-of-the-art materials for MIR detection are limited by ...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Long M,Gao A,Wang P,Xia H,Ott C,Pan C,Fu Y,Liu E,Chen X,Lu W,Nilges T,Xu J,Wang X,Hu W,Miao F

更新日期：2017-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane proteins must balance the sequence constraints associated with folding and function against the hydrophobicity required for solvation within the bilayer. We recently found the expression and maturation of rhodopsin are limited by the hydrophobicity of its seventh transmembrane domain (TM7), which contains pol...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Penn WD,McKee AG,Kuntz CP,Woods H,Nash V,Gruenhagen TC,Roushar FJ,Chandak M,Hemmerich C,Rusch DB,Meiler J,Schlebach JP

更新日期：2020-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Wearable sweat analysis devices for monitoring of multiple health-related biomarkers with high sensitivity are highly desired for noninvasive and real-time monitoring of human health. Here, we report a flexible sweat analysis patch based on a silk fabric-derived carbon textile for simultaneous detection of six health-...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： He W,Wang C,Wang H,Jian M,Lu W,Liang X,Zhang X,Yang F,Zhang Y

更新日期：2019-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungi have major, negative socioeconomic impacts, but control with bioactive agents is increasingly restricted, while resistance is growing. Here, we describe an alternative fungal control strategy via materials operating passively (i.e., no killing effect). We screened hundreds of (meth)acrylate polymers in high thro...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Vallieres C,Hook AL,He Y,Crucitti VC,Figueredo G,Davies CR,Burroughs L,Winkler DA,Wildman RD,Irvine DJ,Alexander MR,Avery SV

更新日期：2020-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Leukemia is a complex heterogeneous disease often driven by the expression of oncogenic fusion proteins with different molecular and biochemical properties. Whereas several fusion proteins induce leukemogenesis by activating Hox gene expression (Hox-activating fusions), others impinge on different pathways that do not...

journal_title：Science advances

authors： Rossi A,Ferrari KJ,Piunti A,Jammula S,Chiacchiera F,Mazzarella L,Scelfo A,Pelicci PG,Pasini D

更新日期：2016-10-07 00:00:00