Abstract:
:Sugars are foundational to biological life and played essential roles in human evolution and dietary patterns for most of recorded history. The simple sugar glucose is so central to human health that it is one of the World Health Organization's Essential Medicines. Given these facts, it defies both logic and a large body of scientific evidence to claim that sugars and other nutrients that played fundamental roles in the substantial improvements in life- and health-spans over the past century are now suddenly responsible for increments in the prevalence of obesity and chronic non-communicable diseases. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide a rigorous, evidence-based challenge to 'diet-centrism' and the disease-mongering of dietary sugar. The term 'diet-centrism' describes the naïve tendency of both researchers and the public to attribute a wide-range of negative health outcomes exclusively to dietary factors while neglecting the essential and well-established role of individual differences in nutrient-metabolism. The explicit conflation of dietary intake with both nutritional status and health inherent in 'diet-centrism' contravenes the fact that the human body is a complex biologic system in which the effects of dietary factors are dependent on the current state of that system. Thus, macronutrients cannot have health or metabolic effects independent of the physiologic context of the consuming individual (e.g., physical activity level). Therefore, given the unscientific hyperbole surrounding dietary sugars, I take an adversarial position and present highly-replicated evidence from multiple domains to show that 'diet' is a necessary but trivial factor in metabolic health, and that anti-sugar rhetoric is simply diet-centric disease-mongering engendered by physiologic illiteracy. My position is that dietary sugars are not responsible for obesity or metabolic diseases and that the consumption of simple sugars and sugar-polymers (e.g., starches) up to 75% of total daily caloric intake is innocuous in healthy individuals.
journal_name
Prog Cardiovasc Disjournal_title
Progress in cardiovascular diseasesauthors
Archer Edoi
10.1016/j.pcad.2018.04.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-01 00:00:00pages
10-19issue
1eissn
0033-0620issn
1873-1740pii
S0033-0620(18)30084-7journal_volume
61pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In heart failure (HF) management, noninvasive quantification of left ventricular (LV) function is rapidly evolving. Deformation parameters, such as strain, continue to challenge the central role of ejection fraction (EF) in diagnosis and prognostication of LV dysfunction in HF. The increasing recognition and use of de...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2020.05.007
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of antiarrhythmic agents in the post-MI patients has been investigated for several years. Recently, clinical trials have assessed the effects of amiodarone in the post-MI population. The Basel Antiarrhythmic Study of Infarct Survival (BASIS) trial showed a reduction in total mortality, sudden death, and life-...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0033-0620(98)80023-6
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possible methods of preventing myocardial infarction have been discussed. The desirability of prevention in the total problem of myocardial infarction is stressed. The methods consist of the prevention of the underlying coronary atherosclerosis, and the secondary prevention of myocardial ischemia contributed by ot...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0033-0620(71)80011-7
更新日期:1971-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infective endocarditis continues to be associated with significant morbidity and mortality despite recent advances in its management and remains a serious and challenging condition requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Surgery is essential in at least 50% of cases. Surgical outcomes have improved with the introducti...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2008.08.007
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent clinical studies performed in human subjects have provided important clues that improved our understanding of the mechanisms of atrial fibrillation (AF) and facilitated development of new treatment strategies. When analyzed together, these studies confirm the complexity and multifactorial nature of AF. Because ...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2005.06.003
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, risk stratification for survivors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has centered on 3 principles: assessment of left ventricular function, detection of residual myocardial ischemia, and estimation of the risk for sudden cardiac death. Although these factors still have important prognostic implications...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/pcad.2000.0420273
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although "congenital heart disease" incorporates a broad and diverse spectrum of inborn cardiac disorders, one shared feature is the propensity for cardiac arrhythmias, albeit to varying degrees. The magnitude of this issue is underscored by its high prevalence, major impact on morbidity and disability, considerable c...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2010.07.003
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sympathetic nervous system occupies a prominent role in heart failure both as a marker of severity of disease and also as an important factor in its progression. Beta blocker therapy, once thought heretical in heart failure, has consistently improved cardiac function and slowed progression of disease. Large clinic...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/pcad.1999.0410301
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a protein belonging to the family of cytokines, is one of the leading mediators of the immune response to inflammation. Its widespread biological effects are modulated by two circulating binding proteins corresponding to the extracellular domain of the membrane receptors, namel...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0033-0620(98)80028-5
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The response to injury in the vasculature and the heart is inflammation. Atherosclerosis is often the result of injury followed by inflammation and atherosclerosis. Vascular and myocardial infections from various pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, chlamydia, and other infections result in vascular inflammation an...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/pcad.2002.123782
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To perform a pilot evaluation of a pharmacist-led, multidisciplinary transitional care clinic for heart failure (HF) patients. BACKGROUND:Transitions of care in HF should include: medication reconciliation, multidisciplinary care, early post-discharge follow-up, and prompt intervention on HF signs and sympto...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2017.08.005
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dispersion of ventricular repolarization is a now widely used term describing nonhomogeneous recovery of excitability or heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization. It is usually expressed as the difference or the range of various repolarization measurements obtained from a heart. Experimentally, an increased dispers...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/pcad.2000.0420311
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Key questions concerning strategies for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of heart disease in women remain unanswered. Thrombolytic therapy has been shown to reduce mortality similarly in men and women. In addition, percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndromes is as effective in women as in men. ...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2010.07.004
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcatheter therapy with the MitraClip system (Abbott Structural, Menlo Park, CA) is the most commonly used transcatheter therapy for patients with tricuspid regurgitation, with over 1000 cases performed worldwide. The procedure is an off-label approach that requires meticulous attention to anatomical features obtai...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2019.10.001
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are >1.4 million adult congenital heart disease (CHD; ACHD) patients living in the United States. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is at least as prevalent in ACHD patients as in the general population and has become a leading cause of their mortality. In the majority of cases, CAD in the ACHD population is driven ...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.018
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contrast to heart transplantation, little effort has been made to estimate the economic implications of mechanical cardiac assistance from either a procedure- or a program-level perspective. With annual direct and indirect expenditures for the treatment of coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure now ex...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/pcad.2000.7201
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rigorous training remodels the heart of elite endurance athletes to produce the phenotype of the "athlete's heart." This remodeling, which advantages cardiac performance, creates challenges in the diagnosis of cardiac disorders within this population. This is particularly so for right ventricular pathologies because o...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2012.01.005
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitral regurgitation (MR) is one of the most commonly encountered valvular lesions in clinical practice. MR can be either primary (degenerative) or secondary (functional) depending on the etiology of MR and the pathology of the mitral valve (MV). Echocardiography is the primary diagnostic tool for MR and is key in det...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2018.10.001
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spurred by large-scale public and private efforts as well as technological developments, the last few years have seen a major leap forward in our understanding of the genetic basis of cardiovascular disease. This revolution is in its infancy and will continue to alter the medical landscape for years to come. There is ...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2012.04.006
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The repetitive respiratory events that characterize obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are each followed by abrupt increases in heart rate and in pulmonary and systemic artery pressure and by sudden decreases in right and left ventricular stroke volume. The changes in systemic pressure may be profound, with patients who ar...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/pcad.1999.0410367
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac imaging plays an important role in coronary artery disease (CAD), congestive heart failure (HF) and valvular heart disease (VHD) in the elderly. Imaging defines the structure and function of the cardiac system, refining the understanding of patients' anatomy and physiology and informing a host of clinical care...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2014.07.003
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In our increasingly cost-conscious health system, patients, clinicians, hospitals, and payers all agree about the urgent need to rein in runaway healthcare costs. High pharmaceutical costs make drugs unaffordable to many patients who may benefit from them, including some insured patients who face prohibitive out-of-po...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2019.10.006
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) are a prevalent and deadly disease that, without diagnosis and treatment, eventuates in life-threatening aortic dissection or rupture. While TAAs normally grow in an indolent manner, once a certain size (a "hinge point") is reached, the risk of dissection, rupture, and death increases ...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2013.05.007
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multimorbidity is the most common chronic health condition in adults and is associated with poor health outcomes. Optimal care for people with multimorbidity requires a person-centred approach that considers goals and preferences, improves quality of life and coordinates care across services. Because care is focused o...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2018.12.010
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) impact on the association between exercise blood pressure (BP) and mortality risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS:We assessed CRF in 15,004 US Veterans (mean age 57.5 ± 11.2 years) who completed a standardized treadmill test between January 1, 1988 and July 28, 2017 and ha...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2021.01.003
更新日期:2021-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the one of the most frequent valvular heart diseases in the developed world, often requiring surgical correction. Degenerative MR is the most common type of non-ischemic, organic MR in the western world. Since no medical treatment has been shown to be effective in preventing the consequenc...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2017.10.005
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The definition of syncope has clinical and pathophysiological parts. The clinical part is that syncope is a form of transient loss of consciousness (TLOC), while the pathophysiological element is that syncope differs from other forms of TLOC by virtue of the basis of true syncope - specifically cerebral hypoperfusion....
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2012.10.016
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chronic disease crisis we currently face must be addressed in rapid fashion. Cardiovascular (CV) and pulmonary diseases, diabetes as well as several forms of cancer are leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Collectively, these conditions have a significant impact on the quality of life of individuals...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2017.02.002
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Valvular heart disease is a common cause of increased mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP). Aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation are frequently accompanied by pulmonary hypertension (PH), especially when they are severe and symptomatic. In asymptomatic patients, PH is rare, though the exact prevalence is unknown a...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2016.06.004
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because not all laboratories use the monitoring and stimulation protocols used in the Electrophysiologic Study Versus Electrocardiographic Monitoring (ESVEM) trial, we reanalyzed the ESVEM patients' data using alternative, commonly used Holter monitor (HM) and programmed stimulation efficacy criteria to determine if d...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0033-0620(96)80029-6
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00