Abstract:
:The possible methods of preventing myocardial infarction have been discussed. The desirability of prevention in the total problem of myocardial infarction is stressed. The methods consist of the prevention of the underlying coronary atherosclerosis, and the secondary prevention of myocardial ischemia contributed by other factors than those presumed to relate to atherosclerosis. In the primary prevention of coronary atherosclerosis the two major risk factors are elevation of serum lipids and of blood pressure. The benefits to be achieved by reduction of elevation of both of these abnormalities are discussed. Both require a long-term approach starting as early in life as possible. The major methods of prevention or retardation of coronary ischemia irrespective of coronary artery disease involve discontinuance of cigarette-smoking and a program of increased physical activity. In addition, prevention or correction of polycythemia, anemia or hypercoagulability should be included. The use of oxygen, in higher percentage or at higher pressure than in the atmosphere, surgical intervention to improve the myocardial blood supply and pharmacologic agents to improve myocardial metabolism are also considered. Quantitation of the benefit of preventive programs is still impossible. Benefit from lowering blood lipids and blood pressure requires long-term therapy begun early in life. Discontinuance of cigarette smoking and increasing the amount of physical activity offer reasonable assurance of immediate benefit. So also does correction of hematologic abnormalities. Pharmacologic agents and surgery to improve coronary blood flow still require further evaluation.
journal_name
Prog Cardiovasc Disjournal_title
Progress in cardiovascular diseasesauthors
Dawber TR,Thomas HE Jrdoi
10.1016/s0033-0620(71)80011-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1971-01-01 00:00:00pages
343-60issue
4eissn
0033-0620issn
1873-1740pii
S0033-0620(71)80011-7journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) remains a complex valve pathology affecting nearly two million people in the United States. Although it can present as a primary valve pathology, TR often presents as a late finding in patients with severe pulmonary disease or end-stage chronic heart failure. Surgical repair of isolated TR...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2019.11.016
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contrast to heart transplantation, little effort has been made to estimate the economic implications of mechanical cardiac assistance from either a procedure- or a program-level perspective. With annual direct and indirect expenditures for the treatment of coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure now ex...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/pcad.2000.7201
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To date there is no cure available for dementia, and the field calls for novel therapeutic targets. A rapidly growing body of literature suggests that regular endurance training and high cardiorespiratory fitness attenuate cognitive impairment and reduce dementia risk. Such benefits have recently been linked to system...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2019.02.003
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the one of the most frequent valvular heart diseases in the developed world, often requiring surgical correction. Degenerative MR is the most common type of non-ischemic, organic MR in the western world. Since no medical treatment has been shown to be effective in preventing the consequenc...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2017.10.005
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is concern in published reports and reviews that patients are being harmed or denied effective treatment by the use of questionable results from secondary analyses of data from clinical trials. A well-reported secondary analysis must make clear to the reader the uncertainty of the result--so clear, in fact, that...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2011.09.006
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Echocardiography guidance for interventions in the catheterization laboratory allows for reduction in radiation exposure from fluoroscopy as well as superior anatomic definition and visualization. The additional information provided over fluoroscopy has translated into an increasing use during interventional procedure...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2014.05.009
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Ephedra alkaloids have received much press lately secondary to reported adverse events in those using whole extracts as "dietary supplements" for weight loss or athletic performance enhancement. These reports are troubling given the increasing use of these supplements by the general public. We reviewed the availab...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2004.07.006
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heparin has been the principal anticoagulant in the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) but has several limitations. Although glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors have been major adjuncts in previous years, in the era of novel P2Y12 receptor inhibitors they may have a greater role in bailout. Low mole...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2015.08.007
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is being increasingly appreciated that a substantial number of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) have relatively preserved systolic function. Although these individuals appear to have a somewhat better prognosis than those with low ejection fractions, they experience significant symptoms and frequently r...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0033-0620(98)80053-4
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients at a low probability of acute cardiac pathology constitute a considerable proportion in many coronary care units (CCUs), such that physicians should consider more effective alternatives than CCU admission "to rule out myocardial infarction." In this article, strategies to increase the efficiency of managing p...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0033-0620(05)80021-0
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physicians who supervise stress-imaging procedures, whether they be stress nuclear or stress echocardiography tests, are increasingly required to incorporate important principles in the interpretation of the test results. Important guiding principles, common to these tests, are reviewed in this article. The principles...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/pcad.2001.20501
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We will review the epidemiology, risk factors, and consequences of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and short/long sleep duration. Obstructive sleep apnea is a disease characterized by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep. Obstructive sleep apnea is common, with moderate to severe disease present in approximat...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2008.08.001
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rigorous training remodels the heart of elite endurance athletes to produce the phenotype of the "athlete's heart." This remodeling, which advantages cardiac performance, creates challenges in the diagnosis of cardiac disorders within this population. This is particularly so for right ventricular pathologies because o...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2012.01.005
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in the setting of left side heart disease is associated with adverse outcomes. The exact prevalence of PH in the different pathologies that affect the left ventricle, however, is difficult to access with the current literature. The lack of a standard definition of PH in older studies, the d...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2016.07.001
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past decade, emerging clinical trial data supported the usefulness of implanted therapeutic cardiac devices (pacemakers and defibrillators) for the treatment of heart failure (HF). Interest has now developed in evaluating the potential of device diagnostics to identify HF patients at risk for clinical events ...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2011.06.001
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary and/or tricuspid valve dysfunction is common among individuals with congenital heart disease, and surgical intervention often carries prohibitive risks. Transcatheter valve replacement (TVR) of the right-sided cardiac valves has become a viable treatment option over the past two decades, while continued tech...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2018.09.003
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Valvular heart disease (VHD) carries documented risks for active individuals. At the same time, many individuals with intermediate degrees of valve disease can safely exercise and even participate in competitive athletics. Unfortunately for clinicians caring for these patients, data are scarce. Understanding the patho...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2011.02.010
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The revolution in cardiac care over the past two decades, characterized by emergent revascularization, drug eluting stents, anti-platelet medications, and advanced imaging has had little impact on overall ACS recurrence, or ACS prevention. The "Perfect Storm" refers to a confluence of events and processes, including a...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2013.03.003
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies performed in experimental animal models of hypertension as well as in human hypertension have unequivocally shown that reflex cardiovascular control undergoes profound changes with high blood pressure and participates throughout direct and indirect mechanisms at the development and progression of hypertension-...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2006.03.002
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A hundred years from its description, Chagas cardiomyopathy remains a challenging disease. Although successful vector-control strategies have decreased the incidence of Chagas disease in several Latin American countries, both migration to urban areas and immigration have spread the disease worldwide; and now, blood tr...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2009.11.008
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in most of the Westernized world. Overweightness and obesity adversely impact cardiac structure and function, including on both the right and, especially, left sides of the heart, with adverse affects on systolic and, especially, diastolic ventricular function. Therefore, it is...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2015.12.003
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent advent of an entirely subcutaneous implantable defibrillator (ICD) has provided a relevant contribution to the debate concerning the use of ICD therapy in patients at high risk for death. Although conventional transvenous ICDs have proven very effective during the past 23 years, they still appear to be limi...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2012.03.006
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a strong evidence that more marked lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) leads to progressively lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. The evidence on validity of this hypothesis comes from epidemiological, genetic and clinical studies. The hypothesis "the lower the better" has b...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2020.12.008
更新日期:2020-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::The QT Variability Index (QTVI) is a non-invasive measure of repolarization lability that has been applied to a wide variety of subjects with cardiovascular disease. It is a ratio of normalized QT variability to normalized heart rate variability, and therefore includes an assessment of autonomic nervous system tone. T...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2013.07.004
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent clinical studies performed in human subjects have provided important clues that improved our understanding of the mechanisms of atrial fibrillation (AF) and facilitated development of new treatment strategies. When analyzed together, these studies confirm the complexity and multifactorial nature of AF. Because ...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2005.06.003
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The response to injury in the vasculature and the heart is inflammation. Atherosclerosis is often the result of injury followed by inflammation and atherosclerosis. Vascular and myocardial infections from various pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, chlamydia, and other infections result in vascular inflammation an...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/pcad.2002.123782
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multimorbidity is the most common chronic health condition in adults and is associated with poor health outcomes. Optimal care for people with multimorbidity requires a person-centred approach that considers goals and preferences, improves quality of life and coordinates care across services. Because care is focused o...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2018.12.010
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sympathetic nervous system occupies a prominent role in heart failure both as a marker of severity of disease and also as an important factor in its progression. Beta blocker therapy, once thought heretical in heart failure, has consistently improved cardiac function and slowed progression of disease. Large clinic...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/pcad.1999.0410301
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most prevalent cause of valvular heart disease (VHD) in western countries. In the Euro Heart Survey on VHD, MR was the second most common heart VHD requiring surgery. It is also the most common form of VHD in community and population-based studies from the United States. The categoriza...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2017.11.008
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, a number of peptide and nonpeptide signalling autacoids have been implicated in the regulation of cardiac myocyte growth as well as vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, and in the function of cardiac muscle following development. In this review, we first examine the evidence for a role for specific cytoki...
journal_title:Progress in cardiovascular diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0033-0620(97)80033-3
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00