Abstract:
:Action observation activates brain regions involved in sensory-motor control. Recent research has shown that action observation can also facilitate motor learning; observing a tutor undergoing motor learning results in functional plasticity within the motor system and gains in subsequent motor performance. However, the effects of observing motor learning extend beyond the motor domain. Converging evidence suggests that observation also results in somatosensory functional plasticity and somatosensory perceptual changes. This work has raised the possibility that the somatosensory system is also involved in motor learning that results from observation. Here we tested this hypothesis using a somatosensory perceptual training paradigm. If the somatosensory system is indeed involved in motor learning by observing, then improving subjects' somatosensory function before observation should enhance subsequent motor learning by observing. Subjects performed a proprioceptive discrimination task in which a robotic manipulandum moved the arm, and subjects made judgments about the position of their hand. Subjects in a Trained Learning group received trial-by-trial feedback to improve their proprioceptive perception. Subjects in an Untrained Learning group performed the same task without feedback. All subjects then observed a learning video showing a tutor adapting her reaches to a left force field. Subjects in the Trained Learning group, who had superior proprioceptive acuity before observation, benefited more from observing learning than subjects in the Untrained Learning group. Improving somatosensory function can therefore enhance subsequent observation-related gains in motor learning. This study provides further evidence in favor of the involvement of the somatosensory system in motor learning by observing. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that improving somatosensory performance before observation can improve the extent to which subjects learn from watching others. Somatosensory perceptual training may prime the sensory-motor system, thereby facilitating subsequent observational learning. The findings of this study suggest that the somatosensory system supports motor learning by observing. This finding may be useful if observation is incorporated as part of therapies for diseases affecting movement, such as stroke.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
McGregor HR,Cashaback JGA,Gribble PLdoi
10.1152/jn.00313.2018subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-12-01 00:00:00pages
3017-3025issue
6eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
120pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1. The medullary reticular formation (MRF) is known to be involved in the modulation of certain reproductive behaviors. Ejaculation in the male, disrupted after spinal transection, may depend on a spinal-bulbo-spinal connection. To determine whether single neurons in the MRF receive sensory input from the male genital...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.4.2474
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Bicuculline-induced epileptiform bursts in slices of neocortical tissue resected from children (3 mo to 14 yr) undergoing neurosurgical treatment for intractable epilepsy were studied with conventional intracellular recording techniques. The purposes of this study were to characterize the bursts evoked in immature ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.5.1759
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have found new evidence for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-induced intrinsic optical changes associated with a voltage-sensitive dye signal in the early embryonic chick brain stem slice. The slices were prepared from 8-day-old embryos, and they were stained with a voltage-sensitive dye (NK2761). Pressure ejection o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.79.4.2208
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies have raised the possibility that different attributes of optic flow stimuli, namely radial direction and the position of the focus of expansion (FOE), are processed within separate cortical areas. In the human brain, visual areas V5/MT+ and V3A have been proposed as in...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00031.2017
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unitary discharge patterns (peristimulus time histograms or PSTH) and synaptic events were studies with intracellular recording techniques in 164 cat cochlear nucleus cells to steady-frequency tone bursts 250 ms in duration. There were four response types defined on the basis of the shape of the discharge patterns to ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1976.39.1.162
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the postnatal development of axon sensitivity to the withdrawal of oxygen, glucose, or the combined withdrawal of oxygen + glucose in the isolated rat optic nerve (a CNS white matter tract). Removal of either oxygen or glucose for 60 min resulted in irreversible injury in optic nerves from adult rats, ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.79.1.95
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The performance of adaptive behavior relies on continuous sensory feedback to produce relevant modifications to central motor patterns. The femoral chordotonal organ (FeCO) of the legs of the desert locust monitors the movements of the tibia about the femoro-tibial joint. A ventral midline population of spiking local ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00510.2009
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective attention operates in visual cortex by facilitating processing of selected stimuli and by filtering out unwanted information from nearby distracters over circumscribed regions of visual space. The neural representation of unattended stimuli outside this focus of attention is less well understood. We studied ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00974.2003
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. To better characterize temporal and spatial mechanisms involved in the coding of prolonged nociceptive stimuli in the spinal cord, the responses of dorsal horn wide dynamic range (WDR) and nociceptive-specific (NS) neurons to prolonged, repetitive noxious heat stimuli (45-49 degrees C) were examined in unanesthetiz...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.69.3.703
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spontaneous calcium oscillations in mushroom bodies of late stage pupal and adult Drosophila brains have been implicated in memory consolidation during olfactory associative learning. This study explores the cellular mechanisms regulating calcium dynamics in Kenyon cells, principal neurons in mushroom bodies. Fura-2 i...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00096.2005
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was undertaken to explore the neuronal mechanisms responsible for muscle atonia that occurs after the microinjection of bicuculline into the nucleus pontis oralis (NPO). Specifically, we wished to test the hypothesis that motoneurons are postsynaptically inhibited after the microinjection of bicucull...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.4.1908
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pain signals threat and initiates motor responses to avoid harm. The transformation of pain into a motor response is thus an essential part of pain. Here, we investigated the neural mechanisms subserving the sensorimotor transformation of pain at the cortical level by using electroencephalography. In a simple reaction...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1152/jn.00186.2012
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single-electrode voltage-clamp techniques and bath application of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV) were used to study the time course of seizure-induced alterations in NMDA-dependent synaptic currents in granule cells of the dentate gyrus in hippocampal slices f...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.2.564
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Monkeys were trained to react to an arm perturbation according to an instruction delivered prior to the perturbation. There were two possible instructions (push or pull), and monkeys learned to respond accordingly regardless of the direction (push or pull) of the triggering perturbation. 2. Pyramidal tract neurons ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1976.39.5.1069
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined how subjects plan speeded reaching movements when the precise target of the movement is not known at movement onset. Before each reach, subjects were given only a probability distribution on possible target positions. Only after completing part of the movement did the actual target appear. In separate expe...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00858.2007
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whole cell voltage-clamp techniques were employed to characterize the sodium (Na) conductances in acutely dissociated, mature guinea-pig cerebellar Purkinje cells. Three phenomenological components were noted: two inactivating and a persistent component (I(P)(Na). All exhibited similar sensitivities to tetrodotoxin (T...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.3.1167
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In rats, whisker trimming during development leads to persistent alterations in the function of cortical barrel circuits and to behavioral deficits later in life. Here we examined how whisker trimming begun either at birth (P0) or on postnatal day 12 (P12), around the onset of whisking behavior, affects receptive fiel...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00569.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::During priming of pop-out, performance at discriminating a pop-out feature target in visual search is affected by whether the target on the previous trial was defined by the same feature as on the upcoming trial. Recent studies suggest that priming of pop-out relies on attentional processes. With the use of simultaneo...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00121.2011
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Taste buds in catfish are found not only within the oropharyngeal cavity, as in mammals, but are also located along the external body surface of the animal from the barbels and lips to the caudal fin. Because these taste buds are innervated by the facial (cranial VII) nerve, the extraoral taste system of catfish is...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1991.66.1.247
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intense itch and urge to scratch are the major symptoms of many chronic skin ailments, which are increasingly common. Vicious itch-scratch cycles are readily established and may diminish quality of life for those afflicted. We investigated peripheral and central processing of two types of itch sensation elicited by sk...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00070.2006
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrophysiological recordings show intense neuronal firing during epileptic seizures leading to enhanced energy consumption. However, the relationship between oxygen metabolism and seizure patterns has not been well studied. Recent studies have developed fast and quantitative techniques to measure oxygen microdomain...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00541.2013
更新日期:2014-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::EEG oscillations are hypothesized to reflect cyclical variations in the neuronal excitability, with particular frequency bands reflecting differing spatial scales of brain operation. However, despite decades of clinical and scientific investigation, there is no unifying theory of EEG organization, and the role of ongo...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00263.2005
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many neurons more than one peptide is colocalized with a classical neurotransmitter. The functional consequence of such an arrangement has been rarely investigated. Here, within the feeding circuit of Aplysia, we investigate at a single synapse the actions of two modulatory neuropeptides that are present in a choli...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00358.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intermediate and deep layers of the monkey superior colliculus (SC) are known to be important for the generation of saccadic eye movements. Recent studies have also provided evidence that the rostral SC might be involved in the control of pursuit eye movements. However, because rostral SC neurons respond to visual...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.5.2629
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cats were reared in total darkness from birth until 4-5 mo of age (DR cats, n = 7) or with very brief visual experience (1 or 2 days) during an otherwise similar period of dark rearing [DR(1) cats, n = 3; DR(2) cats, n = 7]. Single-cell recordings were made in area 17 of visual cortex at the end of this rearing period...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.53.2.572
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mesial temporal lobe (MTL) epilepsy, which typically involves the hippocampus (HPC), epileptiform events are enhanced during slow wave sleep (SWS). It remains unclear how and why the electroencephalographic (EEG) states that constitute SWS might predispose the HPC to this type of pathological activity. Recently our...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90795.2008
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have shown that the initial responses evoked by a stimulus in neurons of primary visual cortex are dominated by low spatial frequency information in the image, whereas finer spatial scales dominate later in the response. Such phenomena could arise from the dynamics of receptive field (RF) size at early ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00830.2006
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The receptive field organization of nociceptive neurons suggests that noxious information may be encoded by population-based mechanisms. Electrophysiological evidence of population coding mechanisms has remained limited. However, psychophysical studies examining interactions between multiple noxious stimuli can provid...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.91350.2008
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-frequency burstlike electrical conditioning stimulation (HFS) applied to human skin induces an increase in mechanical pinprick sensitivity of the surrounding unconditioned skin (a phenomenon known as secondary hyperalgesia). The present study assessed the effect of frequency of conditioning stimulation on the dev...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00274.2019
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The octopus cells of the posteroventral cochlear nucleus receive inputs from auditory-nerve fibers and form one of the major ascending auditory pathways. They respond to acoustic and electrical stimulation transiently and are believed to carry temporal information in the precise timing of their action potentials. The ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.2.872
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00