Abstract：
:The TGF-β ligand superfamily contains at least 40 members, many of which are produced and act within the mammalian testis to facilitate formation of sperm. Their progressive expression at key stages and in specific cell types determines the fertility of adult males, influencing testis development and controlling germline differentiation. BMPs are essential for the interactive instructions between multiple cell types in the early embryo that drive initial specification of gamete precursors. In the nascent foetal testis, several ligands including Nodal, TGF-βs, Activins and BMPs, serve as key masculinizing switches by regulating male germline pluripotency, somatic and germline proliferation, and testicular vascularization and architecture. In postnatal life, local production of these factors determine adult testis size by regulating Sertoli cell multiplication and differentiation, in addition to specifying germline differentiation and multiplication. Because TGF-β superfamily signaling is integral to testis formation, it affects processes that underlie testicular pathologies, including testicular cancer, and its potential to contribute to subfertility is beginning to be understood.
journal_name
Semin Cell Dev Bioljournal_title
Seminars in cell & developmental biologyauthors
Young JC,Wakitani S,Loveland KLdoi
10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.10.029subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-09-01 00:00:00pages
94-103eissn
1084-9521issn
1096-3634pii
S1084-9521(15)00227-Xjournal_volume
45pub_type
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