A toolbox to explore the mechanics of living embryonic tissues.

abstract：:Caspases are cysteine proteases that play important and well-defined roles in apoptosis and inflammation. Increasing evidence point to alternative functions of caspases where restricted and localized caspase activation within neurons allows for a variety of non-apoptotic and non-inflammatory processes required for bra...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Hollville E,Deshmukh M

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomic instability resultant from defective DNA repair mechanisms is a fundamental hallmark of cancer. The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins 1, 2 and 3 catalyze the polymerization of poly(ADP-ribose) and covalent attachment to proteins in a phylogenetically ancient form of protein modification. PARPs play a...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Dulaney C,Marcrom S,Stanley J,Yang ES

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the arrival of atomic force microscopy (AFM) about thirty years ago, this new imaging tool opened up a new area for the exploration of biological samples, ranging from the tissue and cellular level down to the supramolecular scale. Commercial instruments of this new imaging technique began to appear in the five y...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Braet F,Taatjes DJ,Wisse E

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells maintain a cholesterol gradient across the secretory system, with the lowest concentrations in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the highest in the plasma membrane (PM). Cholesterol is also heterogeneously distributed in the endocytic pathway. Little is known about how this heterogeneous distribution of cholest...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Prinz W

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammation is a natural part of wound healing but it can also cause secondary (bystander) damage and/or negatively interfere with endogenous repair mechanisms if non-resolving. Regulation of inflammation is traditionally looked at from the perspective of danger signals, cytokines and chemokines, and their respective...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Jung WC,Levesque JP,Ruitenberg MJ

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dictyostelium cells are genetically haploid and therefore easily analyzed for mutant phenotypes. In the past, many tools and molecular markers have been developed for a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the endocytic pathway in these amoebae. This review outlines parallels and discrepancies between mutants in D...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Maniak M

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) proteins form an evolutionarily conserved membrane remodelling machinery. Identified originally for their role in cargo sorting and remodelling of endosomal membranes during yeast vacuolar sorting, an extensive body of work now implicates a sub-complex of th...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Stoten CL,Carlton JG

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vertebrate inner ear is a precision sensory organ, acting as both a microphone to receive sound and an accelerometer to detect gravity and motion. It consists of a series of interlinked, fluid-filled chambers containing patches of sensory epithelia, each with a specialised function. The ear contains many different...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Alsina B,Whitfield TT

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene duplication events produce both perfect and imperfect copies of genes. Perfect copies are said to be functionally redundant when knockout of one gene produces no 'scoreable', phenotypic effects. Preserving identical, duplicate copies of genes is problematic as all copies are prone to accumulate neutral mutations ...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Krakauer DC,Nowak MA

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The glyoxalase system consists of glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II. Glyoxalase I catalyzes the conversion of methylglyoxal (CH(3)COCHO), a metabolite derived from glycolysis, with glutathione to S-D-lactoylglutathione, while glyoxalase II hydrolyses this glutathione thiolester to D-lactic acid and glutathione. Since met...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Inoue Y,Maeta K,Nomura W

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Any type of tubulogenesis is a process that is highly coordinated between large numbers of cells. Like other morphogenetic processes, it is driven to a great extent by complex cell shape changes and cell rearrangements. The formation of the salivary glands in the fly embryo provides an ideal model system to study thes...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Girdler GC,Röper K

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been widespread speculation regarding the possibility of reprogramming human somatic nuclei by transfer into oocytes. Stem cells derived from such reconstructed embryos could theoretically provide a source of autologous tissue for therapeutic transplantation. However the biological, technical and ethical hur...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Kind A,Colman A

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian spermatogenesis is a tightly coordinated process that gives rise to mature spermatozoa capable of fertilising an ovum during sexual reproduction. A population of stem and progenitor cells known as undifferentiated spermatogonia enables continual spermatogenesis throughout life. A complex transcriptional netw...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Legrand JMD,Hobbs RM

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphatidylinositols are important in intracellular signaling. In response to extracellular signals, these molecules undergo rapid turnover and generate second messengers including diacylglycerol, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns 3,4P2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trispho...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Zhang X,Majerus PW

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Canalization, or phenotypic robustness in the face of environmental and genetic perturbation, is an emergent property of living systems. Although this phenomenon has long been recognized, its molecular underpinnings have remained enigmatic until recently. Here, we review the contributions of the molecular chaperone Hs...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Zabinsky RA,Mason GA,Queitsch C,Jarosz DF

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During vertebrate gastrulation, large cellular rearrangements lead to the formation of the three germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Zebrafish offer many genetic and experimental advantages for studying vertebrate gastrulation movements. For instance, several mutants, including silberblick, knypek and trilob...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Heisenberg CP,Tada M

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The autophagy pathway known also as macroautophagy (herein referred to as autophagy) is characterized by the formation of double-membrane organelles that capture cytosolic material. Based on pathway termination alternatives, autophagy has been divided into degradative and secretory. During degradative autophagy, autop...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Claude-Taupin A,Bissa B,Jia J,Gu Y,Deretic V

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modification of histone amino terminal tails by acetylation has long been linked to the transcriptional capacity of genes in chromatin and to various aspects of chromatin dynamics. Over the last few years a flurry of reports have described the purification and identification of a large number of histone acetyltransfer...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Grant PA,Berger SL

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biological tubes are a prevalent structural design across living organisms. They provide essential functions during the development and adult life of an organism. Increasing progress has been made recently in delineating the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tubulogenesis. This review aims to introduce asci...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Denker E,Jiang D

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Can plants perceive sound? And what sounds are they likely to be "listening" to? The environment of plants includes many informative sounds, produced by biotic and abiotic sources. An ability to respond to these sounds could thus have a significant adaptive value for plants. We suggest the term phytoacoustics to descr...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Khait I,Obolski U,Yovel Y,Hadany L

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Mediator is a large, multisubunit RNA polymerase II transcriptional regulator that was first identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a factor required for responsiveness of Pol II and the general initiation factors to DNA binding transactivators. Since its discovery in yeast, Mediator has been shown to be an int...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Conaway RC,Conaway JW

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex interactions occur among embryonic, placental and maternal tissues during embryo implantation. Many of these interactions are controlled by growth factors, extracellular matrix and cell surface components that share the ability to bind heparan sulfate (HS) polysaccharides. HS is carried by several classes of c...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Kirn-Safran CB,D'Souza SS,Carson DD

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Embryonic cultured Xenopus spinal neurons generate two types of spontaneous elevation of intracellular calcium that encode developmental information in the frequency with which they are produced. Calcium spikes regulate the appearance of GABA and maturation of potassium current. Calcium waves in growth cones regulate ...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Spitzer NC,Gu X

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phytochromes in harmony with blue light photoreceptors play a major role in controlling plant growth and development from germination to seed maturation. Light absorption by phytochromes triggers a signaling cascade, phototransduction, which culminates in regulated gene expression. A major regulatory step at the cellu...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Nagy F,Kircher S,Schäfer E

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The wide diversity of biogenic minerals that is found in nature, each with its own morphology, mechanical properties and composition, is remarkable. In order to produce minerals that are optimally adapted for their function, biomineralisation usually occurs under strict cellular control. This control is exerted by spe...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Nudelman F

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:α-synuclein and Tau are proteins prone to pathological misfolding and aggregation that are normally found in the presynaptic and axonal compartments of neurons. Misfolding initiates a homo-oligomerization and aggregation cascade culminating in cerebral accumulation of aggregated α-synuclein and Tau in insoluble protei...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Yan X,Uronen RL,Huttunen HJ

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myocardial infarction results in scar tissue that cannot actively contribute to heart mechanical function and frequently causes lethal arrhythmias. The healing response after infarction involves inflammation, biochemical signaling, changes in cellular phenotype, activity, and organization, and alterations in electrica...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Ongstad EL,Gourdie RG

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of the tight junctions (TJ) in controlling paracellular traffic of ions and molecules, through the regulation of claudin proteins, is now established. However, it has also become increasingly evident that claudin proteins, as integral components of the TJs, play crucial role in maintaining the cell-cell integ...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Singh AB,Dhawan P

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How limited is the ability of stem cells to generate gametes or differentiated somatic cells? Recent outcomes of research with stem cells from both embryonic and adult origin will be discussed with particular attention to results that challenge conventional wisdom about the presence of reproductive stem cells in adult...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： McLean DJ

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of proteins produced by certain bacteria and plants are potently toxic to mammalian cells. This toxicity results from their ability to catalytically modify macromolecules that are required for essential cellular functions such as vesicular trafficking, cytoskeletal assembly, signalling or protein synthesis. T...

journal_title：Seminars in cell & developmental biology

authors： Smith DC,Lord JM,Roberts LM,Johannes L

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00