Abstract:
Purpose:It is well known that interstitial photodynamic therapy (iPDT) of large tumors requires effective planning to ensure efficient delivery of therapeutic dose to the target tumors. This should be achieved in parallel with minimal damage to the nearby intact tissues. To that end, clinical iPDT can be attained using cylindrical diffusing optical fibers (CDFs) as light sources. In this work, we optimize output CDF powers in order to deliver a prescribed light dose to a spherical volume such as a tumor node. Methods:Four CDFs are placed vertically inside the tumor node. The fluence rate is calculated using the diffusion equation. Therapeutic target dose is (20-50) J·cm-2. The optical properties (μa = 0.085 cm-1, μs' = 16 cm-1) of a breast tumor and the treatment time of 150 sec are used to calculate the fluence rate. Results:For four CDFs, the therapeutic target dose (20-50) J·cm-2 is delivered to more than 90%. This is the ratio of the total points that receive the target dose in proportion to the total points in the volume of the node of 3 cm in diameter, whereas, in larger nodes, the ratio is decreased to approximately 67%. Five CDFs are required to improve this ratio by more than 10%. Conclusion:Optimizing delivered powers enables the distribution of the therapeutic dose uniformly in the medium. In addition, this simulation study represents an essential part of a development dosimetry system for measuring and controlling the optical dose in the breast tumors.
journal_name
Biomed Res Intjournal_title
BioMed research internationalauthors
Ismael FS,Amasha H,Bachir Wdoi
10.1155/2020/2061509subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-03-23 00:00:00pages
2061509eissn
2314-6133issn
2314-6141journal_volume
2020pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is suggested to have a role in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the mechanism remains unclear. Autophagy is an important mediator of many pathological responses. This study aims to investigate the relationship between UCP2 and hepatoma cells aut...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/810401
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There were no systematic researches about autophagy-related long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) signatures to predict the survival of patients with colon adenocarcinoma. It was necessary to set up corresponding autophagy-related lncRNA signatures. The expression profiles of lncRNAs which contained 480 colon adenocarcinoma sam...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/9807918
更新日期:2020-09-02 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Identification of the factors that influence sedentary behaviour in older adults is important for the design of appropriate intervention strategies. In this study, we determined the prevalence of sedentary behaviour and its association with physical, cognitive, and psychosocial status among older adults resid...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/9160504
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:To investigate whether preventive administration of a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) can reduce the occurrence and development of traumatic granuloma (TG) following type IV-VI cordectomy. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the status of postoperative granulomas in 37 patients who underwent type IV-VI cordectom...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/4178376
更新日期:2020-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction. Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and urinary incontinence (UI) have increasing prevalence in the elderly population. The aim of this study was to compare the comorbidities of these procedures between <70 y/o and ≥70 y/o patients. Materials and Methods. In our retrospective study over a period of 2.5 years, 40...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/5184595
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We measured 28 parameters of 202 femurs from Koreans by an automated geometric computation program using 3D models generated from computed tomography images. The measurement parameters were selected with reference to physical and forensic anthropology studies as well as orthopedic implant design studies. All measureme...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/730538
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutrophils comprise the first line of innate immune defense during a host-pathogen interaction. They attack microorganisms directly through three different methods, of which, phagocytosis and degranulation have been known and well-studied for decades. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is the thir...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2020/4192745
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the similarities and differences between the variety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) formulations, preparation, and uses to try to determine the best responses for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A comparison of the outcomes of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2017/7538604
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background. Neuroinflammation which presents as a possible mechanism of delirium is associated with MCP-1, an important proinflammatory factor which is expressed on astrocytes. It is known that dexmedetomidine (DEX) possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/6352159
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objective. Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are closely interconnected conditions both leading to high cardiovascular risk. Inactivity is frequent and physical activity programs remain difficult in these patients. We investigated the acute feasibility of two neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) modalit...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1155/2017/3704380
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We use hydrophobic poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) to encapsulate hydrophilic ofloxacin to form drug loading microspheres. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and polylysine (Pls) were used as internal phase additives to see their influences on the drug loading and releasing. Double emulsion (water-in-oil-in-water) solvent extr...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/297808
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays an important role in many cancers. However, few studies have examined the role of m6A in colorectal CRC. To examine the effect of m6A on CRC, we studied the genome of 591 CRC cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The relationship between the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, copy num...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/8826456
更新日期:2020-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose. This meta-analysis is to assess the effectiveness of teriparatide in fracture healing and clinical function improvement of the osteoporotic patients. Methods. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane databases for randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing teriparatide to ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1155/2016/6040379
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Assessing the role of breast MRI compared to galactography in patients with unilateral bloody or serous-bloody nipple discharge. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Retrospective study including 53 unilateral discharge patients who performed galactography and MRI. We evaluated the capability of both techniques in identifyin...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/806368
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:DNA methylation is essential for regulating gene expression, and the changes of DNA methylation status are commonly discovered in disease. Therefore, identification of differentially methylation patterns, especially differentially methylated regions (DMRs), in two different groups is important for understand...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/1070645
更新日期:2018-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::The mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEN) is a frequent contaminant of animal feeds, but its effects on fish have not yet been investigated extensively. In order to fill this gap a feeding trial with juvenile carp was conducted. Three groups of fish were fed feeds contaminated with ZEN at three concentrations (low: 332 μg kg(-1...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/420702
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substitution rates strongly depend on their nucleotide context. One of the most studied examples is the excess of C > T mutations in the CG context in various groups of organisms, including vertebrates. Studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying this mutation regularity have provided insights into evolution, mutag...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/989410
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:To evaluate the performance of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for estimating residual tumor size after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Methods:The institutional review board approved this study. This prospective stu...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/8531916
更新日期:2018-11-08 00:00:00
abstract:Background:A deficiency in steroid 5α-reductase type 2 is an autosomal recessive disorder. Affected individuals manifested ambiguous genitalia, which is caused by decreased dihydrotestosterone (DHT) synthesis in the fetus. Methods:We analyzed 25 patients with 5α-reductase deficiency in China. Seventeen of the 25 patie...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2020/1789514
更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Delayed union and nonunion are common complications in atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) despite having good fracture fixation. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is a successfully proven method for enhancing fracture healing of the long bone fracture and nonunion and should be used in AFFs. This study aimed to...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/4061539
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schistosomiasis is the most prevalent tropical disease in the world after malaria. According to the World Health Organization, the disease afflicts more than 240 million people in about 80 countries. Recently, an epidemiological surveillance study performed between 1997 and 2010 by the European Network for Tropical Me...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2017/8257310
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was reported in psoriasis. NAFLD can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis. Transient elastography (TE) is a noninvasive liver fibrosis assessment. We evaluated the prevalence of significant liver...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/7963972
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential of three submerged aquatic plant species (Cabomba piauhyensis, Egeria densa, and Hydrilla verticillata) to be used for As, Al, and Zn phytoremediation was tested. The plants were exposed for 14 days under hydroponic conditions to mine waste water effluents in order to assess the suitability of the aquati...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/890803
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous studies have demonstrated that diabetes-induced oxidative stress alters homeostasis of retinal nerve growth factor (NGF) resulting in accumulation of its precursor, proNGF, at the expense of NGF which plays a critical role in preserving neuronal and retinal function. This imbalance coincided with retinal ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/571456
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have shown its revolutionary power in seeking the influenced loci on complex diseases genetically. Thousands of replicated loci for common traits are helpful in diseases risk assessment. However it is still difficult to elucidate the variations in these loci that dire...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2013/637424
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose. To compare the results of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) for insertional Achilles tendinopathy (IAT) with or without Haglund's deformity. Methods. Between September 2014 and May 2015, all patients who underwent ESWT were retrospectively enrolled in this study. A total of 67 patients were available f...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2016/6315846
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases, caused by mutations in different components of sarcolemma, extracellular matrix, or enzymes. Inflammation and innate or adaptive immune response activation are prominent features of MDs. Various therapies under development are directed toward rescuing t...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2014/818107
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is the fourth most common cancer causing death in the United States. Early tumor recurrence is an important contributor to the dismal prognosis. The availability of an accurate prognostic biomarker for predicting disease recurrence following curative resection will be beneficial ...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1155/2014/468959
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated (a) if activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was linked to the stress activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathway and (b) if JNK was required for activation of c-Jun in Schwann cells of rat sciatic nerve following injury. To this aim, ERK1/2 and the transcription factors c-Jun a...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/392971
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Restriction enzymes are the main defence system against foreign DNA, in charge of preserving genome integrity. Lactococcus raffinolactis BGTRK10-1 expresses LraI Type II restriction-modification enzyme, whose activity is similar to that shown for EcoRI; LraI methyltransferase protects DNA from EcoRI cleavage. The gene...
journal_title:BioMed research international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/5657085
更新日期:2018-01-29 00:00:00