Abstract:
:Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) refer to a large family of molecules that recognize two different epitopes or antigens. Although a series of challenges, especially immunogenicity and chain mispairing issues, once hindered the development of bsAbs, they have been gradually overcome with the help of rapidly developing technologies in the past 5 decades. In the meantime, an increasing number of bsAb platforms have been designed to satisfy different clinical demands. Currently, numerous preclinical and clinical trials are underway, portraying a promising future for bsAb-based cancer treatment. Nevertheless, bsAb drugs still face enormous challenges in their application as cancer therapeutics, including tumor heterogeneity and mutational burden, intractable tumor microenvironment (TME), insufficient costimulatory signals to activate T cells, the necessity for continuous injection, fatal systemic side effects, and off-target toxicities to adjacent normal cells. Therefore, we provide several strategies as solutions to these issues, which comprise generating multispecific bsAbs, discovering neoantigens, combining bsAbs with other anticancer therapies, exploiting natural killer (NK)-cell-based bsAbs and producing bsAbs in situ. In this review, we mainly discuss previous and current challenges in bsAb development and underscore corresponding strategies, with a brief introduction of several typical bsAb formats.
journal_name
Cell Mol Immunoljournal_title
Cellular & molecular immunologyauthors
Li H,Er Saw P,Song Edoi
10.1038/s41423-020-0417-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-05-01 00:00:00pages
451-461issue
5eissn
1672-7681issn
2042-0226pii
10.1038/s41423-020-0417-8journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Age-related thymic involution causes a decreased output of thymocytes from the thymus, thereby resulting in impairment of T cell-mediated immunity. While alterations in the T cell and non-haematopoietic stromal compartments have been described, the effects of thymic involution on thymic dendritic cells (DC) are not cl...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2009.114
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contrast to the previous belief that autoreactive B cells are eliminated from the normal repertoire of B cells, many autoreactive B cells actually escape clonal deletion and develop into mature B cells. These autoreactive B cells in healthy individuals perform some beneficial functions in the host and are homeostat...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/s41423-020-0445-4
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), as an important component of the innate immune system, arise from a common lymphoid progenitor and are located in mucosal barriers and various tissues, including the intestine, skin, lung, and adipose tissue. ILCs are heterogeneous subsets of lymphocytes that have emerging roles in orches...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41423-020-0399-6
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been extensively used in the clinic, such as rituximab to treat lymphoma. However, resistance and non-responsiveness to mAb treatment have been challenging for this line of therapy. Complement is one of the main mediators of antibody-based cancer therapy via the complement-depend...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2010.35
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent study has suggested that innate immune system might play an important role in pregnancy progression. In this study, to investigate whether NK cells and NKT cells, instead of T cells, are the dominant populations of peripheral blood in early pregnancy, flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage and intrace...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macroautophagy has been implicated in modulating the therapeutic function of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). However, the biological function of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) in MSCs remains elusive. Here, we found that CMA was inhibited in MSCs in response to the proinflammatory cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ) ...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41423-019-0345-7
更新日期:2020-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::Trogocytosis is a process which involves the transfer of membrane fragments and cell surface proteins between cells. Various types of T cells have been shown to be able to acquire membrane-bound proteins from antigen-presenting cells and their functions can be modulated following trogocytosis. However, it is not known...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2011.62
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abstract::It has recently been established that neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes, are capable of changes in gene expression during inflammatory responses. However, changes in the transcriptome as the neutrophil leaves the bone marrow have yet to be described. We hypothesized that neutrophils are transcriptionally activ...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2014.37
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs, and changes in miRNAs are involved in tumor origin and progression. Studies have shown that miR-20a is overexpressed in human ovarian cancer tissues and that this miRNA enhances long-term cellular proliferation and invasion capabilities. In this study...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2014.30
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The uterus in early pregnancy is a non-lymphoid organ that is enriched in natural killer (NK) cells. Studies to address the role of these abundant human NK cells at the maternal/fetal interface have focused on their response to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on fetal trophoblast cells that they c...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/cmi.2014.53
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes-associated periodontitis (DP) aggravates diabetic complications and increases mortality from diabetes. DP is caused by diabetes-enhanced host immune-inflammatory responses to bacterial insult. In this study, we found that persistently elevated CCL2 levels in combination with proinflammatory monocyte infiltrat...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41423-020-0500-1
更新日期:2020-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs), members of the herpesvirus family, have evolved a variety of mechanisms to evade the immune response to survive in infected hosts and to establish latent infection. They effectively hide infected cells from the effector mechanisms of adaptive immunity by eliminating cellular proteins (major h...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/cmi.2014.85
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoxia is a major characteristic of the tumor microenvironment, and its effects on immune cells are proposed to be important factors for the process of tumor immune escape. It has been reported that hypoxia affects the function of dendritic cells and the antitumor function of T cells. Here we discuss the effects of h...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2009.105
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circulating monocyte subsets with distinct functions play important roles in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the mechanisms have not been well studied. In this study, we analyzed the distributions and phenotypic characteristics of three circulating monocyte subsets-CD14(++)CD16(-), CD14(++)CD16(+) and CD14...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2013.70
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies suggest differential roles for CD103+ and CD11bhi lung dendritic cells (LDCs) in host defense against viral and bacterial infections. In this study, we examined the contribution of these LDC subsets in protective immunity to chlamydial lung infection using a Chlamydia muridarum mouse infection model. We...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2016.68
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transplantable experimental tumor models were constructed to study the activities of recombinant human interleukin-15 (rhIL-15) against tumor recurrence and metastasis. The results showed that tumor nodule formation was retarded and tumor growth was inhibited in the subcutaneous tumor model of LA795 lung adenocarcinom...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2008.23
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a potential oncogenic herpesvirus, has been found to be associated with several malignancies. It's critical to elicit cellular immunity of the body to fight against EBV-associated tumor development. Using dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) to elicit T cell re...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2008.45
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammasomes are important for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and dysbiosis contributes to the pathology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and increases the risk for colorectal cancer. Inflammasome defects contribute to chronic intestinal inflammation and increase the susceptibility to colitis in mice. However...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2016.35
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous disease with a poor prognosis and limited markers for predicting patient survival. Because chemokines and chemokine receptors play numerous and integral roles in HCC disease progression, the CXCR4-CXCL12-CXCR7 axis was studied in HCC patients. CXCR4 and CXCR7 expressio...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2014.102
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite impressive results obtained in animal models, the clinical use of Fas ligand (FasL) as an anticancer drug is limited by severe toxicity. Systemic toxicity of death ligands may be prevented by using genes encoding membrane-bound death ligands and by targeted transgene expression through either targeted transduc...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
doi:10.1038/cmi.2009.38
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Appropriate in vivo control of plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) recruitment and activation is a fundamental requirement for defense against viral infection. During this process, a pivotal event that influences the outcome of viral infection is the production of high levels of type I interferon by pDCs. In particular,...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2016.16
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2016.41
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41423-019-0332-z
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute morphine administration is known to alter the course of herpes simplex virus infection. In this study, the effect of acute morphine administration on the reactivation of latent herpes was investigated in a mouse model. Because of the important role of cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity in the inhibition of he...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2009.15
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To construct cDNA library of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and obtain the NPC associated or specific antigens from it, we used a powerful new method to identify the antigens eliciting humoral immune response, which is SEREX (serological identification of antigen by recombinant cDNA expression library). Autologous ser...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exercise at regular intervals is assumed to have a positive effect on immune functions. Conversely, after spaceflight and under simulated weightlessness (e.g., bed rest), immune functions can be suppressed. We aimed to assess the effects of simulated weightlessness (Second Berlin BedRest Study; BBR2-2) on immunologica...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/cmi.2014.106
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/cmi.2008.13
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We demonstrate that Mycobacterium tuberculosis recombinant leucine-responsive regulatory protein (rLrp) inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6, and interleukin-12 production and blocks the nuclear translocation of subunits of the nuclear-receptor transcription fact...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cmi.2015.58
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been redetected after discharge in some coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The reason for the recurrent positivity of the test and the potential public health concern due to this occurrence are still unknown. Here, we analyzed the viral data a...
journal_title:Cellular & molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41423-020-00550-2
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00