Abstract:
:The gastrointestinal tract harbors numerous commensal bacteria, referred to as the microbiota, that benefit host health by digesting dietary components and eliminating pathogens. The intestinal microbiota maintains epithelial barrier integrity and shapes the mucosal immune system, balancing host defense and oral tolerance with microbial metabolites, components, and attachment to host cells. To avoid aberrant immune responses, epithelial cells segregate the intestinal microbiota from immune cells by constructing chemical and physical barriers, leading to the establishment of host-commensal mutualism. Furthermore, intestinal immune cells participate in the maintenance of a healthy microbiota community and reinforce epithelial barrier functions. Perturbations of the microbiota composition are commonly observed in patients with autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory disorders. An understanding of the intimate interactions between the intestinal microbiota, epithelial cells, and immune cells that are crucial for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis might promote advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for various diseases.
journal_name
Annu Rev Immunoljournal_title
Annual review of immunologyauthors
Kayama H,Okumura R,Takeda Kdoi
10.1146/annurev-immunol-070119-115104subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-26 00:00:00pages
23-48eissn
0732-0582issn
1545-3278journal_volume
38pub_type
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journal_title:Annual review of immunology
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journal_title:Annual review of immunology
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