Abstract：
:Deficiencies in the classical pathway of complement activation have some common features but show also great differences. Deficiencies of each of the components (C1q, C1s, C1r, C4 and C2) imply increased susceptibility to bacterial infections. They are also associated with increased risk to develop systemic lupus erythematosus where deficiency of C1q is strongly associated to the disease while C4 less and C2 much less. Deficiency of C1q affects only activation of the classical pathway while deficiency of C4 and C2 also prevent activation of the lectin pathway. Bypass mechanisms may result in complement activation also in absence of C2 but not in absence of C1q or C4. The genes for C2 and C4 isotypes are closely located within the MHC class III region on chromosome 6p and the genes for the 3 C1q chains are on chromosome 1p. Deficiencies of C1q and of C4 show genetic heterogeneity while deficiency of C2 in the great majority of cases is caused by a specific deletion. The production of C4 and C2 is mainly by the hepatocytes in the liver while C1q is produced by monocytic bone marrow derived cells. This has implications for the possibility to treat the deficiency and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been tried in C1q deficiency.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Truedsson Ldoi
10.1016/j.molimm.2015.05.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-01 00:00:00pages
14-9issue
1eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142pii
S0161-5890(15)00397-1journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The aim of the study was to explore whether fever-range hyperthermia (FRH) might enhance the anticancer and immunoregulatory activities of protein-bound polysaccharides (PBP), a class of fungus derived immunomodifiers used in the cancer adjuvant therapy. Blood lymphocytes and breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were cultured ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2016.10.013
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humanization of rodent mAbs by CDR-grafting (also called "reshaping") is now a standard procedure for reducing immunogenicity and recruiting human effector functions. However, the design of the humanized mAb can sometimes prove circuitous. Attempts were made to humanize L-25, a mouse antibody against the human alpha-4...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(99)00087-5
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human endothelial cells have been shown to be distinctive from other IL-1 responsive cells (e.g. murine thymocytes), in the equal units of murine and human IL-1 do not have the same endothelial cell stimulatory effect, as measured by increased lymphocyte adherence. In this paper, the cell surface IL-1 receptors of hum...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(89)90078-3
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are immune suppressive cells, but their roles in tumor growth have been elusive, depending on tumor type or site. Our prior study demonstrated a role of cathepsin S (CatS) in reducing Treg immunosuppressive activity. Therefore, CatS inhibition in Tregs may exacerbate tumor growth. Using mous...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2016.12.018
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemokines are key regulators of migration and consequent activation of migrating leukocytes. CC chemokines constitute the largest chemokine group with 24-28 members in mammalian species, and even more in teleost fish, with up to 81 members in zebrafish Danio rerio. Further studies concerning fish chemokine genes will...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.12.014
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Keratin is a cytoskeletal protein that constitutes the intermediate filament. Its distribution is restricted to epithelial tissues in mammals, but is wider in fish. An interesting feature of fish keratin is that it is abundant in the cutaneous mucus. However, the biological function of keratin in the mucus has not bee...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2019.09.012
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against the P1 blood group antigen were produced by hybridomas obtained from mouse immunized with turtle-dove avomucoid. One of the MAb (154 IX B6) selected as a blood typing reagent agglutinated native P1 and Pk1 red cells with a high titer but was inactive against native P2...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(87)90089-7
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macrophages (Mφ) undergo activation to pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes in response to pathophysiologic stimuli and dysregulation of the M1-M2 balance is often associated with diseases. Therefore, studying mechanisms of macrophage polarization may reveal new drug targets. Human Mφ polarizatio...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.05.027
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of nanoparticles (NPs) for commercial products is undergoing a dramatic expansion. Many sunscreens and cosmetics now use zinc oxide (ZnO) or titania (TiO2) NPs, which are effective ultraviolet (UV) filters. Zinc oxide topical creams are also used in mild anti-inflammatory treatments. In this study we e...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2015.02.021
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anti-cytokeratin (CK) 8 monoclonal antibody (mab) TS1 has been shown to efficiently bind to CK8 expressed in carcinomas in vivo. The anti-idiotypic antibody of TS1, alphaTS1, can be used to regulate the tumor:non-tumor ratio of TS1 by clearing non-tumor binding TS1 from the circulation. If the interaction of TS1 t...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2006.08.001
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sepsis is a life-threatening disease characterized by uncontrolled inflammatory responses upon pathogen infections, especially for the antibiotic-resistant strains, such as Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Here we demonstrated that a Mitochondria-derived peptide (MOTS-c) could significantly improve the survival...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.10.017
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Histocompatibility Leukocyte Antigens, or HLAs, are one of the most polymorphic molecules in humans. This high degree of polymorphism endows HLA molecules with the ability to present a vast array of peptides, an essential trait for responding to ever-evolving pathogens. Unlike classical HLA molecules (HLA-Ia), some no...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.011
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Complement defects are associated with an enhanced risk of a broad spectrum of infectious as well as systemic or local inflammatory and thrombotic disorders. Inherited complement deficiencies have been described for virtually all complement components but can be mimicked by autoantibodies, interfering with the activit...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2019.08.002
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macrophages play an important role both in innate and adaptive immune responses. Treatment with interferon (IFN) γ together with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates pro-inflammatory macrophages which secrete various pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-12. IL-12 promotes a Th1 type immune response by directly contro...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2012.03.017
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In humans, three distinct but closely related classes of receptors that bind the Fc portion of IgG (FcgammaRI, II and III) have been identified. FcgammaRI can bind monomeric IgG with high affinity and has a unique third extracellular domain (EC3). Three very similar genes have been characterized for FcgammaRI (A, B, C...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(98)00079-0
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Nuclear components targeted by autoantibodies are a characteristic feature of the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The nucleosome, a major autoantigen, is released in patients with SLE as a result of a disturbed apoptosis and/or an insufficient clearance of apoptotic debris. During apopt...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2010.08.003
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that function in diverse biological processes. However, little is known about the precise role of microRNAs in the functioning of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). Here, we investigated the potential role and mechanisms of the miR-143 -3p on proliferation and the extracell...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2016.09.004
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The complement system is well known for its role in innate immunity via the classical, the alternative and the lectin pathways, although recent investigations suggest expanding roles in adipose tissue. Properdin stabilizes C3 convertase following alternative complement activation. Properdin is also present i...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2012.02.110
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 is a key modulator of immune responses. A better understanding of the regulation of this cytokine offers the possibility of tipping the balance of the immune response toward either tolerance, or enhanced immune responses. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been widely described as n...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2014.02.019
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human IgE antibodies from nine allergic subjects were found to react with poly-L-lysine (PLL) and other polyamines. Radioimmunoassay inhibition studies indicated that the two amino groups, but not the carboxyl, in lysine contributed to the antibody binding and 4-aminomethyl-1,8-octanediamine, a compound containing thr...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(00)00043-2
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Discordant xenografts surviving the initial hyperacute rejection phase may be subject to cellular rejection processes mediated by infiltrating leukocytes including T cells, NK cells and monocytes. The stable adhesion of these cell types to endothelial cells is due to the molecular interaction of the integrins VLA-4 an...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(97)00042-4
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:PIM1 is serine/threonine protein kinase that is involved in numerous biological processes. Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic pathological result of the dysfunctional repair of lung injury without effective therapeutic treatments. In the current study, we investigated whether PIM1 inhibition would improve bleomycin ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.06.013
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(01)00074-8
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In human peripheral blood, most of the CD3+ cells express the alpha/beta T cell receptor. A smaller fraction of CD3+ T cells express the gamma/delta T cell receptor (from 1 to 10% depending the individuals, with an average of 3-5%). Interestingly, although the alpha/beta + T cells never express the gamma chain at the ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(92)90001-e
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytohesin-1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ADP ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) in human blood neutrophils and differentiated PLB-985 neutrophil-like cells. Cytohesin-1 regulates adhesion and the transendothelial migration of monocytes, dendritic cells and T lymphocytes through activation of the β2 integrin L...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2011.03.018
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The host response to intravascular, Gram-negative bacteria includes profound immunologic, hematologic and physiologic changes. Numerous host defense mechanisms are activated by Gram-negative bacteria, including the complement system. Activation of the complement system leads to cleavage of C5 with subsequent generatio...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.10.037
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Egr-1 is an immediate early gene that is rapidly upregulated in response to mitogenic signals induced by antigen receptor crosslinking on murine B lymphocytes. It has been shown that levels of Egr-1 expression are closely correlated with B cell proliferation in several models of B cell activation and tolerance. We com...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(93)90463-l
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Covalent Superose microspheres-bound C3b was used as a model system to simplify the analysis of antigen-bound C3b modifications during antigen processing. The model was set up using purified C3 and Superose-bound trypsin. C3b was covalently bound to Superose through an ester link, as indicated by lability to hydroxyla...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(93)90009-z
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apoptosis can be induced in the human leukemic T-cell line Jurkat when these cells are stimulated by several known T-cell activators. Among the stimuli that activate Jurkat cells, calcium ionophore A23187, phytohemagglutinin and cross-linked monoclonal antibody anti-CD3 are the best inducers of apoptosis. The activato...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(95)00059-n
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Notexin and nigexine are monomeric phospholipases A2(PLA2s) from the venoms of Notechis scutatus scutatus and Naja nigricollis, respectively. Polyclonal antibodies raised in mice against these antigenic proteins displayed non-reciprocal cross-reactivity; anti-notexin antibodies recognized notexin but not nigexine, whe...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(90)90055-5
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
