Abstract：
:Humanization of rodent mAbs by CDR-grafting (also called "reshaping") is now a standard procedure for reducing immunogenicity and recruiting human effector functions. However, the design of the humanized mAb can sometimes prove circuitous. Attempts were made to humanize L-25, a mouse antibody against the human alpha-4 integrin subunit using the usual protocols. Despite reaching eight backmutations in the light chain, it was not possible to recover the binding activity to the level of the chimeric. In an effort to restore the binding activity, an analysis of the human kappa IV acceptor frameworks was undertaken. This analysis highlighted the Asp at position 9 in framework 1, which although a common amino acid in human kappa IV frameworks, was an unusual residue in mouse kappa frameworks. Backmutating this position to the mouse amino acid completely restored the binding of the humanized antibody and as a by-product also increased the secretion levels in cos cells. Mutating position 9 to the consensus residue for human kappa I also restored the binding and secretion levels although not to the same extent. The resulting humanized antibody had a light chain with only a single backmutation to the mouse sequence.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Saldanha JW,Martin AC,Léger OJdoi
10.1016/s0161-5890(99)00087-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-08-01 00:00:00pages
709-19issue
11-12eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Infection of ruminants and humans with Fasciola gigantica is attracting increasing attention due to its economic impact and public health significance. However, little is known of innate immune responses during F. gigantica infection. Here, we investigated the expression profiles of genes involved in Toll-like recepto...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) has been widely used as an antioxidant in research, however, it has also been found to reduce the binding of TNF to its receptor independent of its antioxidative role. In this study, we investigated the effect of NAC on NF-kappaB activation. In HeLa cells, Hep3B cells, and A549 cells, DNA-bindin...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peptide fragments of pertussis toxin subunit 1 (PT-S1) have been synthesized in order to investigate their antigenic and immunogenic activity, and to evaluate their possible use as components of a new vaccine. Two peptides (sequence 73-82, EAERAGRGTG and sequence 107-116, YVDTYGDNAG) were selected for their predictabl...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Attempts to develop peptide vaccines, based on a limited number of peptides face two problems: HLA polymorphism and the high mutation rate of viral epitopes. We have developed a new genomic method that ensures maximal coverage and thus maximal applicability of the peptide vaccine. The same method also promises a large...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2006.06.003
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2010.01.010
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(83)90062-7
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.10.020
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, especially programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)+ Tfh cells, exert important functions in the normal immune response. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different subsets of PD-1+ Tfh cells and their functional effects in adult patients with minimal change dis...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.12.020
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2012.02.111
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During acute lung injury, a large number of monocytes are recruited into the pulmonary tissue, which is mainly mediated by local production of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1). As an essential component of the lung tissues, alveolar type II epithelial cells are one of the major sources of MCP-1. Therefore, uncov...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2019.04.013
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2006.04.025
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Major histocompatibility complex class I proteins (MHC-I) load short peptides derived from proteolytic cleavage of endogenous proteins in any cell of the body, in a process termed antigen processing and presentation. When the source proteins are altered self or encoded by a pathogen, recognition of peptide/MHC-I compl...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2015.04.014
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.06.250
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(91)90115-z
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(99)00050-4
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.12.014
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper we report a chemometric approach to Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis applied to a study of the binding of peptides to Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I proteins. Peptides which possess the known primary anchor residue motif for HLA-B27 binding do not necessarily b...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(94)90042-6
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(82)90263-2
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(90)90102-6
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(94)90016-7
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light chains of 426 randomly selected myelomas from BALB/c and NZB mice were characterized by isoelectric focusing (IF) and electrophoresis at pH 3. Approximately 50% of the light chains in each strain were found to have unique electrophoretic properties. The remaining 50% of light chains fell into groups of two or mo...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2018.09.005
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, we report the activation of murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro on irradiation with sublethal dose of UVB (50 mJ/cm(2)). The activation involves enhanced expression of CD18 molecule and production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1). Production of N...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2004.01.001
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:IFN-gamma plays an essential role in the IL-12/IL-23/IFN-gamma pathway that is required for the defense against intracellular pathogens. In the IFN-gammaR1 several amino acid substitutions have been reported that abrogate IFN-gamma signaling. These substitutions can lead to a null phenotype and enhanced susceptibility...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.11.016
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
