COVID-19: Between Past and Present.

abstract：:Expression of the high-affinity interleukin 2 receptor alpha chain (CD25) was used to monitor antigen-specific activation of T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+, CD8+, and gammadelta T cells) from cattle immunized with modified live bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1). Calves seronegative for BHV-1 were either vaccinated with one dos...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Endsley JJ,Quade MJ,Terhaar B,Roth JA

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) glycoprotein 5 (GP5) is the most abundant envelope glycoprotein and a key target for neutralizing antibodies. Previous studies have demonstrated that the native GP5 glycoprotein is poorly immunogenic and not able to induce robust protective responses, probabl...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Wu F,Peng K,Tian J,Xu X,Zhou E,Chen H

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to be an economically important infectious disease of swine. Mechanisms governing activation of the innate immune response to PRRSV remain to be elucidated. Virulence differences observed between PRRSV isolates have been attributed to replication ab...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Loving CL,Brockmeier SL,Vincent AL,Lager KM,Sacco RE

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A massive vaccination in Argentina was implemented recently. The antigenic dominants of VP7 in G9 and G1 rotavirus strains, circulating in La Rioja, Argentina with strain vaccines were compared. From 2000 to 2010 in several attention centers of La Rioja, at northwestern Argentina, 418 stool samples from children young...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Cuffia VI,Díaz Ariza Mdel C,Silvera A,Sabini LI,Cordoba PA

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD3+CD8+CD11+ cells were present in the peripheral blood of patients infected with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in higher percentage (10-20%) than in normal individuals (3-5%) in this study. These cells, through the release of soluble factors, significantly suppressed the effector phase of anti-HIV ...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Kundu SK,Merigan TC

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Naïve CD8(+) T cells differentiate into effectors secreting various cytokines that modulate immune functions. A striking finding for most HIV-1-infected patients is that they accumulate CD8(+) T cells belonging to early and intermediate differentiated elements. Structural HIV-1 proteins, and among these the matrix pro...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Avolio M,Caracciolo S,Tosti G,Vollero L,Fiorentini S,Caruso A

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes severe respiratory disease with significant mortality. Two testing methods are currently used for MERS-CoV diagnostics: nucleic acid detection (the gold standard) and serological analysis. In this study, we evaluated the detection of MERS-CoV-IgG in suspec...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Alhetheel A,Altalhi H,Albarrag A,Shakoor Z,Mohamed D,El-Hazmi M,Somily A,Barry M,Bakhrebah M,Nassar M

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and risk factors associated with CMV acquisition among pregnant women in Zimbabwe. In a cross-sectional study, pregnant women were recruited in late gestation, seeking antenatal care at council clinics in three high-density suburbs i...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Mhandire D,Duri K,Kaba M,Mhandire K,Musarurwa C,Chimusa E,Munjoma P,Mazengera L,Stray-Pedersen B,Dandara C

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To prepare the dominant multiepitope fusion antigen ROP2-SAG1 (RSmultiepitope) from Toxoplasma gondii in a prokaryotic system, the major immunodominant region (MIR) of the human hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg(MIR)) was used as a delivery vector. The gene encoding the RSmultiepitope was inserted into HBcAg(MIR),...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Wang W,Feng F,Lv J,Xie Z,Chen J,Zhang L,Li W

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunization with hepatitis B vaccine is an effective measure for prevention and control of hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. Although lots of efforts to improve the effect of hepatitis B vaccine have been made, the function of human beta defensin 2 (hBD2) on hepatitis B vaccine keeps unclear. In this article, we rep...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Wang M,Zeng W,Zhang Z,Zhang W,Su H,Zhang Z,Jiang L,Liu Y,Shi Q

更新日期：2020-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytokine profile associated with either a T helper 1 (Th1) or Th2 response in a porcine respiratory disease model was assessed by measuring IL-12, IL-10 and IFN-gamma using RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. IL-10, IL-12, and IFN-gamma levels in pulmonary alveolar macrophages and bronchial lavage fluid were increased...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Thanawongnuwech R,Thacker EL

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the strategies that has been investigated to reduce antiretroviral treatment toxicity in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is structured treatment interruption (STI). Our aim was to analyze early viral and immune dynamics after interruption of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Vallejo A,Valladares A,De Felipe B,Vivancos J,Gutierrez S,Soriano-Sarabia N,Ruiz-Mateos E,Lissen E,Leal M

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptor (TLR)3 signaling pathway is known to induce type 1 interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory mediators leading to antiviral response against many viral infections. Double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) has been shown to act as a ligand for TLR3 and, as such, has been a focus as a potential antiviral...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Ahmed-Hassan H,Abdul-Cader MS,Ahmed Sabry M,Hamza E,Sharif S,Nagy E,Abdul-Careem MF

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the developing countries, Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a predominant cause of sporadic acute hepatitis in adults and waterborne epidemics leading to high mortality in pregnant women. Vaccine development mainly focuses on the structural capsid protein open-reading-frame-2 (ORF-2) of the virus. We successfully evaluate...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Joshi SS,Arankalle VA

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are crucial for the control of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. This study has identified CTL epitopes of the RSV N protein in healthy subjects. We screened the primary structure of the N protein for HLA-A 0201-binding amino acid consensus motifs, identifying t...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Terrosi C,Di Genova G,Savellini GG,Correale P,Blardi P,Cusi MG

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenoviral vector has been extensively studied as a vaccine platform because of its ability to induce potent cellular and humoral immunity. One main advantage of adenoviral vectors is their natural tropism for mucosal surfaces, which makes them ideal for the purpose of mucosal vaccination against pathogens that prefer...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Santosuosso M,McCormick S,Xing Z

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pretreatment of mice iv with syngeneic spleen cells modified with soluble HSV envelope antigens induced an anti-HSV antibody hyporesponsiveness following challenge with infectious virus. The epitope density on the HSV-modified spleen cells was quantitated using a photon-counting spectrofluorimeter so that observed imm...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Wilson LA,Thompson JJ,Ohkawa S,Scott DW

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Primo-SHM trial, a multicenter randomized trial comparing no treatment with 24 or 60 weeks of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) during primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (PHI), recently demonstrated that temporary early cART lowered the viral set point and deferred the need for re-initiat...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Spits HB,Grijsen ML,Steingrover R,Nanlohy NM,Kootstra N,Borghans JA,van Baarle D,Prins JM,Schellens IM

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a deadly and highly infectious disease caused by SARS Coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Inactivated SARS-CoV has been explored as a vaccine against SARS-CoV; however, current knowledge of inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine is quite limited. We attempted to investigate the effects of differe...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Gai W,Zou W,Lei L,Luo J,Tu H,Zhang Y,Wang K,Tien P,Yan H

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike the polymorphic MHC class Ia molecules, MHC class Ib molecules are oligomorphic or nonpolymorphic. We recently discovered a protective CD8 T cell response to mouse polyomavirus (MPyV) in H-2(b) haplotype mice that is restricted by H2-Q9, a member of the Qa-2 MHC class Ib family. Here, we demonstrate that immuni...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Hofstetter AR,Evavold BD,Lukacher AE

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis B and C infections can be either acute or chronic. The chronic infection can culminate in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Influence of the host genetic makeup on conversion of acute to chronic infection, development of cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma is an interesting area of research. ...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Rehman SU,Rauf M,Abbas Z,Hamed MH,Qadri I

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Marek's disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative disease of domestic chickens caused by a highly cell-associated alpha herpesvirus, Marek's disease virus (MDV). Clinical signs of MD include depression, crippling, weight loss, and transient paralysis (TP). TP is a disease of the central nervous system that affects MD-susc...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Xu M,Fitzgerald SD,Zhang H,Karcher DM,Heidari M

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Outbreaks of the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus in poultry and humans are ongoing. Vaccination is an efficient method for prevention of H5N1 infection. Using chickens and ducks, we assessed the efficacy of a vaccine comprising H5N1 hemagglutinin (HA) protein produced in a baculovirus expression system. The immunized chi...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Park EH,Song BM,Yum J,Kim JA,Oh SK,Kim HS,Cho GJ,Seo SH

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CINs) are a major public health issue. The prevalence of CINs is higher in women with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The objective of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the immune responses in the cervical stroma of HIV-infected and -uninfected wo...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Guimarães MV,Michelin MA,Lucena AA,Lodi CT,Lima MI,Murta EF,Melo VH

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) restores CD4(+) T-cell numbers in the periphery; however, its efficacy in restoring functional immunity is not fully elucidated. Here we evaluated longitudinal changes in the expression of several key markers of T-cell activation, namely CD40 ligand (CD154), OX40 (CD134), ...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Nyakeriga AM,Ying J,Shire NJ,Fichtenbaum CJ,Chougnet CA

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stage of liver fibrosis is critical for treatment decision and prediction of outcomes in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of transient elastography (TE)-FibroScan and noninvasive serum markers tests in the assessment of liver fibrosis in CHC patients, in reference to liver biops...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Omran D,Zayed RA,Nabeel MM,Mobarak L,Zakaria Z,Farid A,Hassany M,Saif S,Mostafa M,Saad OK,Yosry A

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Persistent cervicovaginal infection with high-risk types of HPV is the major risk factor for subsequent cervical neoplasia. HPV53, part of the alpha 6 species group along with HPV types 30, 56, and 66, is one of the most prevalent high risk-related HPV types, yet little is known about the molecular basis of its benign...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Malik ZA,Hailpern SM,Burk RD

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hantavirus nucleocapsid protein (N) has been proven to induce highly protective immune responses in animal models. The knowledge on the mechanisms behind N-induced protection is still limited, although recent data suggest that both cellular and humoral immune responses are of importance. For a detailed B-cell epitope ...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Lundkvist A,Meisel H,Koletzki D,Lankinen H,Cifire F,Geldmacher A,Sibold C,Gött P,Vaheri A,Krüger DH,Ulrich R

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abstract IL-17 producing CD4 T cells have recently been shown to play an important role in mucosal immunity in HIV infection. But its role in peripheral immunity and the molecular mechanism underlying its regulation during HIV-1 infection are ill defined. In this study, we report a significant negative correlation b...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Singh A,Vajpayee M,Ali SA,Chauhan NK

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses is an important defense mechanism against infectious agents, specifically viruses. In the present investigation we employed a mouse assay system we previously developed, for rapid induction of CTLs by synthetic peptides from E6 and E7 oncoproteins of human papillomav...

journal_title：Viral immunology

authors： Sarkar AK,Tortolero-Luna G,Nehete PN,Arlinghaus RB,Mitchell MF,Sastry KJ

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00