[ANDALIES project: consumption, offer and promotion of healthy eating habits within secondary schools in Andalusia].

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:The school context stands out as one of the factors influencing the food practices of adolescents. Food consumption during the school day, the cafeterias' supply and the promotional activities proposed by the centers are objects of increasing attention to community health services. OBJECTIVES:To describe students' eating habits during the school day; to analyze the food on offer by the cafeterias and surrounding establishments; and to assess whether secondary schools are suitable environments for the promotion of healthy eating habits. DESIGN AND SAMPLE:Cross-sectional study during 2010-2012 courses. Sampling units: public secondary schools (95) and students (8.068). Multistage cluster sampling: random and stratified selection by province and habitat size. Selection of students: systematic sampling of classrooms. RESULTS:77.5% of students have breakfast at home: cereals and a dairy product (40.9%) or a liquid (29.2%); 70.3% eat something at school and most of them choose a cold meat sandwich. Fruit consumption is infrequent (2.5%) while packed juices are very common (63.3%). 75% eat sweets, the figure increasing significantly in schools with cafeterias. Cafeterias offer a large number of non-recommended products: soft drinks (97,3%), cold meats (91,8%), sweets and chips (89%). Lack of control of the products on offer is common (68.42%); only 28.4% of the managers know the law. 72.5% of the centers undertake isolated activities for the promotion of healthy eating habits. 71.5% of the centers are surrounded by shops that supply the students. DISCUSSION:Low protection of students' food health is evident, resulting from: students' nutritional deficits, the low quality of the food offered by the cafeterias and the lack of activities to encourage healthy habits. For which reason, educational, health and local administrations must accept shared responsibility on this subject. :Introducción. El contexto escolar destaca como uno de los factores influyentes en las prácticas alimentarias de los-las adolescentes. Las prácticas de consumo alimentario durante la jornada escolar, la oferta de las cafeterías y las actividades de promoción propuestas desde los centros son objetos de atención creciente para la salud comunitaria. Objetivos. Describir las prácticas alimentarias del alumnado durante la jornada escolar; conocer la oferta de las cafeterías escolares y establecimientos periféricos; y valorar si los centros de secundaria son entornos favorecedores de una alimentación saludable. Diseño y muestra. Estudio descriptivo transversal durante los cursos 2010-2012. Unidades de muestreo: centros de secundaria públicos (95) y alumnado (8.068). Muestreo polietápico por conglomerados: selección aleatoria y estratificada por provincia y tamaño de hábitat. Elección del alumnado: muestreo sistemático de aulas. Resultados. El 77,5% del alumnado desayuna en casa: lácteo con cereal (40,9%) o ingesta líquida (29,2%); el 70,3% come algo en el centro y eligen el bocadillo de embutidos mayoritariamente. La fruta, anecdótica (2,5%) y, el zumo comercial, my frecuente (63,3%). El 75% consume chucherías siendo significativamente superior en centros con cafeterías. Las cafeterías ofertan multitud de productos desaconsejados: refrescos (97,3%), embutidos (91,8%), golosinas y fritos envasados (89%). Ausencia de control de la oferta en los centros (68,42%); solo el 28,4% de directivos conocen la ley que la regula. El 72,5% de los centros realiza promoción de la alimentación con rasgos de efemérides. El 71,5% de los centros tienen en sus alrededores comercios que abastecen al alumnado. Discusión. Encontramos una baja protección de la salud alimentaria del alumnado debido a: déficits alimentarios del alumnado; baja calidad de la oferta en cafeterías escolares y locales externos e inexistencia de actividades de promoción en los centros educativos. Por ello, la administración educativa, sanitaria y local andaluza debe asumir la responsabilidad compartida en esta materia.

journal_name

Nutr Hosp

journal_title

Nutricion hospitalaria

authors

González Rodríguez A,García Padilla FM,Martos Cerezuela I,Silvano Arranz A,Fernández Lao I,grupo del proyecto ANDALIES.

doi

10.3305/nh.2015.31.4.8450

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-04-01 00:00:00

pages

1853-62

issue

4

eissn

0212-1611

issn

1699-5198

journal_volume

31

pub_type

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