Cis-Expression Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping Reveals Replicable Associations with Heroin Addiction in OPRM1.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:No opioid receptor, mu 1 (OPRM1) gene polymorphisms, including the functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1799971, have been conclusively associated with heroin/other opioid addiction, despite their biological plausibility. We used evidence of polymorphisms altering OPRM1 expression in normal human brain tissue to nominate and then test associations with heroin addiction. METHODS:We tested 103 OPRM1 SNPs for association with OPRM1 messenger RNA expression in prefrontal cortex from 224 European Americans and African Americans of the BrainCloud cohort. We then tested the 16 putative cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) SNPs for association with heroin addiction in the Urban Health Study and two replication cohorts, totaling 16,729 European Americans, African Americans, and Australians of European ancestry. RESULTS:Four putative cis-eQTL SNPs were significantly associated with heroin addiction in the Urban Health Study (smallest p = 8.9 × 10(-5)): rs9478495, rs3778150, rs9384169, and rs562859. Rs3778150, located in OPRM1 intron 1, was significantly replicated (p = 6.3 × 10(-5)). Meta-analysis across all case-control cohorts resulted in p = 4.3 × 10(-8): the rs3778150-C allele (frequency = 16%-19%) being associated with increased heroin addiction risk. Importantly, the functional SNP allele rs1799971-A was associated with heroin addiction only in the presence of rs3778150-C (p = 1.48 × 10(-6) for rs1799971-A/rs3778150-C and p = .79 for rs1799971-A/rs3778150-T haplotypes). Lastly, replication was observed for six other intron 1 SNPs that had prior suggestive associations with heroin addiction (smallest p = 2.7 × 10(-8) for rs3823010). CONCLUSIONS:Our findings show that common OPRM1 intron 1 SNPs have replicable associations with heroin addiction. The haplotype structure of rs3778150 and nearby SNPs may underlie the inconsistent associations between rs1799971 and heroin addiction.

journal_name

Biol Psychiatry

journal_title

Biological psychiatry

authors

Hancock DB,Levy JL,Gaddis NC,Glasheen C,Saccone NL,Page GP,Hulse GK,Wildenauer D,Kelty EA,Schwab SG,Degenhardt L,Martin NG,Montgomery GW,Attia J,Holliday EG,McEvoy M,Scott RJ,Bierut LJ,Nelson EC,Kral AH,Johnson EO

doi

10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.01.003

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-10-01 00:00:00

pages

474-84

issue

7

eissn

0006-3223

issn

1873-2402

pii

S0006-3223(15)00046-3

journal_volume

78

pub_type

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