Abstract:
:Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm diagnosed in women around the world. Checkpoint inhibitors, targeting the programmed death receptor-1 or ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis, have dramatically changed the outcome of cancer treatment. These therapies have been recently considered as alternatives for treatment of breast cancers, in particular those with the triple-negative phenotype (TNBC). A further understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of PD-L1 expression is required to increase the benefit of PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint immunotherapy in breast cancer patients. In this review, we will compile the most recent studies evaluating PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors in breast cancer. We review factors that determine the therapeutic success of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapies in this pathology. In particular, we focus on pathways that interconnect the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) with regulation of PD-L1 expression. We also discuss the relationship between cellular metabolic pathways and PD-L1 expression that are involved in the promotion of resistance in TNBC.
journal_name
J Immunol Resjournal_title
Journal of immunology researchauthors
Segovia-Mendoza M,Romero-Garcia S,Lemini C,Prado-Garcia Hdoi
10.1155/2021/6668573subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-07 00:00:00pages
6668573eissn
2314-8861issn
2314-7156journal_volume
2021pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In this study we examined changes in the salivary concentrations of immunoglobulin A (sIgA), cortisol (sC), testosterone (sT), and testosterone-to-cortisol ratio (T/C) in 21 competitive swimmers, 11-15 years old, during a week leading to competition as compared to a control (noncompetition) week. No day-to-day changes...
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/9786972
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2018/7283703
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2014/963484
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/8751642
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2014/239398
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/530501
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In organ transplantation, alloantigens are taken up by antigen presenting cells and presented via the indirect pathway to T-cells which in turn can induce allograft rejection. Monitoring of these T-cells is of major importance; however no reliable assay is available to routinely monitor indirect allorecognition. Recen...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2017/1787803
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abstract::Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide due to its late diagnosis and poor outcome. Immunotherapy is becoming more and more encouraging and promising in lung cancer therapy. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are the main tumor suppressor factors, and the treatment strategy of targeting MDSCs ...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1155/2018/6319649
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abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus is characterized by dysregulated activation of T and B cells and autoantibodies to nuclear antigens and, in some cases, lipid antigens. Liposomes with nonbilayer phospholipid arrangements induce a disease resembling human lupus in mice, including IgM and IgG antibodies against nonbilayer p...
journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2015/369462
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2014/431896
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of immunology research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1155/2019/3832513
更新日期:2019-12-30 00:00:00