Abstract:
:Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is an excitotoxin capable of both stimulating and lesioning neurons in circumventricular organs (CVOs) after systemic administration. In this study, MSG and equiosmotic concentrations of NaCl were administered subcutaneously to adult rats in order to observe the effects on food and water intake. MSG (0.5, 1, 2 and 6 g/kg), but not NaCl, stimulated feeding. The magnitude of the feeding was dose-related. After the highest dose, rats consumed 4.4 g of pelleted food. Since MSG does not cross the blood-brain barrier, we conclude that feeding was stimulated by an action of glutamate on CVOs. Doses of MSG that stimulated feeding did not alter blood glucose concentration. Neonatal MSG treatment, which is known to be more damaging to circumventricular neurons than adult treatment, greatly reduced or abolished subsequent MSG-induced stimulation of feeding in adults. Both MSG and NaCl stimulated drinking. Since the magnitude of the drinking response was similar for both solutes and was directly related to the osmotic strength of the solutions, we conclude that the drinking response after MSG was mediated by cellular dehydration.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Reddy VM,Meharg SS,Ritter Sdoi
10.1016/0031-9384(86)90412-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-10-01 00:00:00pages
465-9issue
4eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
0031-9384(86)90412-9journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Previous studies suggest that binge eating sugar leads to behavioral and neurochemical changes similar to those seen with drug addiction, including signs of opiate-like withdrawal. Studies are emerging that show multiple neurochemical and behavioral indices of addiction when animals overeat a fat-rich diet. The goal o...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.05.018
更新日期:2011-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Locomotor activities in the goldfish Carassius auratus were recorded under light-dark (LD) and constant light regimens. Under LD 12:12, all goldfish adjusted to given LD cycles. Activity patterns were classified into three types: L-type activity during the photophase (83%), LD-type activity both during the photophase ...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(96)00131-x
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of the nervous system is a dynamic process where epigenetic factors play a fundamental role. Both ground-based and space research indicate that exposure to an altered gravitational environment affects rodent neurobehavioral profile and stage of development as well as duration of exposure appear to be c...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.08.011
更新日期:2004-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::This study shows that the bacterial flora of the rat's vagina plays a role in the determination of female sexual attractivity. In the experiment described, the change in attractivity of a female rat was monitored during the estrous cycle by using a residential plus-maze. The time that male rats spent in the vicinity o...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(88)90359-9
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In schizophrenia, critical deficits in cognitive functions appear to reflect altered neural processing in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Given the essential role of inhibitory neurotransmission in mediating these cognitive functions, we sought to determine whether abnormalities in the inhibitory circuitry of the PFC may...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00936-8
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new method for comparing the effects of small and large intestinal mechanical stimulation was developed. Isolated intestinal loops were created by the Thiry-Vella method from the lower duodenal--upper jejunal, and from the upper colonic portion of the gut, respectively. This preparation allows parallel evaluation of...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(94)00301-k
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::NaCl detection thresholds were determined for 12.5- and 50-mm(2) lingual areas at four anterior tongue locations in eight subjects using a device that allowed for accurate temporal and spatial presentation of tastants to small regions of the anterior tongue. The locations, all on the right side of the tongue, were the...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(00)00416-9
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The noradrenergic innervation of the forebrain by cells from the locus coeruleus (LC) was interrupted by either electrolytic lesions of the LC or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the dorsal noradrenergic bundle (DB). Animals so treated were then tested in a modified open field test designed to measure responsiven...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(84)90171-9
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isometric handgrip is commonly used in stress research because the task reliably increases sympathetic arousal. Various handgrip protocols have been used; they vary in handgrip strength, duration of grip, and the number of cycles of handgrip and rest. However, most protocols require the calibration of a maximum volunt...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.01.031
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phthalates are industrial plasticizers and stabilizers commonly found in polyvinyl chloride plastic and consumer products, including food packaging, cosmetics, medical devices, and children's toys. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), one of the most commonly used phthalates, exhibits endocrine-disrupting characteristi...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.04.018
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In experiment 1, electrical stimulation of the posterior hippocampus was shown to produce state-dependent learning (SDL) for a step-out inhibitory avoidance task in rats. Stimulation sites in either the right or left hippocampus were equally effective in producing this effect. Similarly, the presence or absence of aft...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(85)90091-5
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meal pattern measures (e.g., bout length and bout number) provide a detailed description of the elements of ingestion, and as a result they are theoretically more sensitive to experimental manipulation than simple measurements of total consumption over a fixed time period. For this reason, meal pattern measures are of...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(94)90255-0
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have shown that growth hormone (GH)-deficient/resistant animals have a prolonged lifespan compared with their normal siblings. Studies in our laboratory have suggested that both Ames dwarf and GH receptor/GH binding protein knockout (GH-R-KO) mice do not experience age-induced cognitive aging at the sa...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2003.10.018
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the palatability of a low concentration of linoleic acid (LA) in short-term two-bottle choice tests and licking tests. To examine the contribution of gustation, mice were rendered anosmic with olfactory nerve transection surgery and test solutions were prepared using mineral oil (saturated long-chain h...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.09.014
更新日期:2009-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals who are sensitive to the bitter compounds phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) are also more sensitive to selected bitter and sweet substances, to sharp-tasting foods, and to the trigeminal irritant capsaicin. PTC/PROP tasters have a greater density of fungiform taste papillae and it i...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(96)00608-7
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The palatability of food has been shown to influence the cephalic phase reflexes. To determine if food palatability affects the magnitude of cephalic phase insulin release (CPIR) in humans, normal-weight women were asked to list foods that they found palatable and unpalatable. Subjects then stayed overnight in the hos...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(96)80033-3
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of postnatal protein malnutrition on juvenile social behaviors were investigated in male and female Wistar rats. During the lactation period (21 days), each litter (six male and two female pups) was provided with 16% (control) or 6% (low protein) casein diets. At weaning, the control group (W) continued to...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00554-6
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sucrose is considered by many to be detrimental to health, giving rise to deterioration of the body associated with ageing. This study was undertaken to determine whether replacing sucrose in the diet long-term with honey that has a high antioxidant content could decrease deterioration in brain function during ageing....
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.03.001
更新日期:2009-06-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Negative affect is shown consistently to promote unhealthy food choices and dietary intake in laboratory studies. However, this relationship in naturalistic settings is less clear and previous research is limited by dietary assessment methodology and neglects to account for several important moderating varia...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.05.011
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The development of body weight is determined by different factors, namely genetic, behavioral, parental and physiological. OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether genetic, behavioral, parental and physiological factors are involved and the extent of involvement in the development of body weight at ages 12 and 13 y...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.12.021
更新日期:2008-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::The present study describes changes of response enhancement of hippocampal field potentials in slices of kindled rats using different methods to induce long-lasting potentiation. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats were subjected to pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindling induced by intraperitoneal injection of 45 mg/kg once eve...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00167-4
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In male lesser mouse lemurs, testicular size and plasma testosterone levels are controlled by photoperiodic variations but can be modified by urinary cues from conspecifics. To test whether urinary cues may have differential effects on testicular size and testosterone levels depending on the photoperiodic state of the...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(95)00112-v
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparison of the interoceptive sensory consequences of cholecystokinin, bombesin, and 1-h food deprivation was conducted in rats. In two experiments, rats were first trained to use stimuli arising from different degrees of food deprivation (1 and 24 h or 1 and 4 h) as discriminative signals for shock, and were then...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(93)90182-f
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of age and recurring stress responses on endogenous plasma arginine (ARG) concentrations were determined. Blood from catheterized young (3 months) and old (24 months) were used to ascertain the plasma concentrations of ARG under baseline conditions, during a 30-min immobilization experience and during a 3.5...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(93)90083-r
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of hypothyroidism on the odor detection ability of male Long-Evans rats was determined using high-precision olfactometry and a go/no-go operant task. Nonparametric signal detection measures of sensitivity and responsitivity, as well as measures of S+ response latency, the number of aborted trials, and se...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(95)00145-x
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-six rats were injected IP with 2DG (0, 250, or 500 mg/kg) at 7-day intervals, once at light onset (7 a.m.) and once at dark onset (7 p.m.), and postinjection food intake was monitored for 24 hours. Five hundred mg/kg 2DG caused food intake to rise above control levels during the first 6 hours of daylight, regar...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(89)90179-0
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and hypertension is the most common risk factor for death. Although many anti-hypertensive pharmacotherapies are approved for use in the United States, rates of hypertension have increased over the past decade. This review article summarizes a presentation...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.01.020
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of FLA 336 on the attack by resident groups of female mice on strange female intruders were assessed. This MAO-type A inhibitor clearly suppressed attack in treated subjects without producing major alterations in other activities but there was no clear dose-response relationship. The substance also increas...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(93)90132-y
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Feather pecking in domestic fowl is a behavioral abnormality that consists of mild or injurious pecking at feathers of conspecifics. Previously, it was shown that chicks from a high feather-pecking (HFP) and low feather-pecking (LFP) line of laying hens already differ in their propensity to feather peck at 14 and 28 d...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00667-4
更新日期:2002-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The contribution of somatomotor activity to daily energy expenditure was estimated in 10-month-old, weight-stable, obese (fa/fa) and lean (Fa/?) Zucker rats. Total and resting heat production were assessed by recording oxygen consumption and stabilimeter activity each minute for five consecutive days in free-feeding a...
journal_title:Physiology & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0031-9384(90)90322-u
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00