Abstract：
:Aging is the major risk factor for the development of human neurodegenerative maladies such as Alzheimer's, Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases (PDs) and prion disorders, all of which stem from toxic protein aggregation. All of these diseases are correlated with cognitive decline. Cognitive Decline is a dynamic state from normal cognition of aging to dementia. According to the original criteria for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) (1984), a clinical diagnosis was possible only when someone was already demented. The prevalence rates of Cognitive Decline (mild cognitive impairment plus dementia) are very high now and will be higher in future because of the increasing survival time of people. Many neurological and psychiatric diseases are correlated with cognitive decline. Diagnosis of cognitive decline is mostly clinical (clinical criteria), but there are multiple biomarkers that could help us mostly in research programs such as short or long, paper and pencil or computerized neuropsychological batteries for cognition, activities of daily living and behavior, electroencephalograph, event-related potentials, and imaging-structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional (fMRI, Pittsburgh bound positron emission tomography, FDG-PET, single photon emission computerized tomography and imaging of tau pathology)-cerebrospinal fluid proteins (Abeta, tau and phospho-tau in AD and α-synuclein (αSyn) for PD). Blood biomarkers need more studies to confirm their usefulness. Genetic markers are also studied but until now are not used in clinical praxis. Finally, in everyday clinical praxis and in research workout for early detection of cognitive decline, the combination of biomarkers is useful.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Nutrjournal_title
European journal of clinical nutritionauthors
Tsolaki Mdoi
10.1038/ejcn.2014.189subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-11-01 00:00:00pages
1186-91issue
11eissn
0954-3007issn
1476-5640pii
ejcn2014189journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:We have used B-mode (brightness-mode) ultrasound to investigate the fascial planes within subcutaneous fat at the triceps and abdominal sites in a group of 17 women attending a weight control group over a 12 month period. In most subjects there was a single intralipid fascial plane at each site. As the thickness of ad...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the most commonly used equations to predict body fatness from skinfold thickness, in male and female adolescents, with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as a reference method of fatness measurement. DESIGN:Cross-sectional nutrition survey. SETTING:General adolescent population from Zaragoza ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602226
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The refeeding syndrome is a potentially fatal condition that affects multiple organ systems. It is the consequence of fluid and electrolyte shifts that may occur in a malnourished patient following the introduction of nutrition therapy. The most prominent characteristic is hypophosphataemia. Although hyperammonaemia i...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ejcn.2014.244
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE:The efficacy of zinc combined with vitamin A or multiple micronutrients in preventing diarrhoea is unclear in African countries with high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed children. Potential modifying factors, such as stunting, need to be addressed. The objective of this stu...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/ejcn.2008.78
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the effects of supplementation with the carotenoids, beta-carotene or lycopene, at levels achievable within a diet rich in fruit and vegetables, on immune function in a group of free-living healthy elderly. DESIGN:A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. T cell subsets and the expression...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601187
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of barley flour (barley cultivar, Hordeum Vulgare var Himalaya 292) incorporated into breakfast and lunch compared with otherwise identical meals containing white wheat flour on the thermic effect of food (TEF), subsequent food intake and metabolic parameters. DESIGN:Randomized single b...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602564
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We examined the relation between intake of natural dietary plant sterols and serum lipid concentrations in a free-living population. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:Cross-sectional population-based study of 22,256 men and women aged 39-79 y resident in Norfolk, UK, participating in the European Prospective ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601980
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the relationship between consumption of milk and milk products, calcium, lactose and vitamin D and occurrence of colorectal cancers. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SUBJECTS:A total of 9959 men and women aged 15 y or older without history of cancer at baseline. During a 24 y follow-up, 72 new canc...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601260
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urea kinetics was measured in a single woman on five occasions over four years by the prime/intermittent oral-dose method with [15N15N]-urea. On a nitrogen intake of 231 +/- 24 mg/kg/day, urea production was 198 +/- 22 mg/kg/day, with the urinary excretion of urea being 143 +/- 25 mg/kg/day. Urea hydrolysis and salvag...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during pregnancy is known to increase oxidative stress, which may influence pregnancy outcomes and health of the child. SUBJECTS/METHODS:This study investigated whether fruit and vegetable intake modifies the relationship between exposure to PAH...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ejcn.2011.77
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bias in diet reporting may be both random and non-random, and may be found with simpler as well as more advanced dietary instruments. A random bias will contribute to obscure relations between diet and disease. A systematic bias may obscure or aggravate such associations. Underreporting of non-protein energy has been ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602589
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association of calcium intake with risk of developing hypertension in the general population has not been established yet. We systematically searched PubMed and Scopus databases up to February 2018 to find prospective observational studies investigating the association of calcium intake with risk of developing hyp...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1038/s41430-018-0275-y
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Critical illness is characterised by catabolism of the skeletal muscle that releases amino acids for protein synthesis to support tissue repair, immune defence and inflammatory and acute-phase responses. Protein requirements for these patients have generally been based on levels that result in the lowest catabolic rat...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/ejcn.2013.34
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:The aims were to investigate the association of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with breastfeeding (BF) duration and BF pattern at 3 months of age. SUBJECTS/METHODS:This was a prospective cohort study of 4231 children who were enrolled at birth and w...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ejcn.2015.232
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Heavy alcohol drinking is a risk factor of colorectal cancer (CRC), but little is known on the effect of polymorphisms in the alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) on the alcohol-related risk of CRC in Caucasian populations. SUBJECTS/METHODS:A...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ejcn.2012.173
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the current burden of mortality attributable to excess weight in the European Union (EU). METHODS:Prevalence of overweight (body mass index, BMI 25-29.9 kg/m(2)) and obesity (BMI >or=30 kg/m(2)) were based on self-reported data from a survey with samples representative of the 15 EU Member States ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601538
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In view of the ongoing debate on "chronic malnutrition" and the concept of "stunting" as "a better measure than underweight of the cumulative effects of undernutrition and infection (WHO)", we translate, briefly comment and re-publish three seminal historic papers on catch-up growth following re-feeding afte...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/s41430-018-0274-z
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin resistance is a condition of gluco-metabolic sufferance that may hesitate in the further development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The development of insulin resistance is mostly associated with the accumulation of excessive fat in the body. The epidemic impact of obesity in the youngest promo...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/s41430-018-0239-2
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Patients with a short bowel and receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) have an increased risk of chronic cholestasis (CC). Restoration of bowel continuity after a mesenteric infarction results in PN requirements being reduced or stopped. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CC and whether ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ejcn.2015.147
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To explore the potential contribution of respiratory infections and vitamin A intakes to the seasonal effect of vitamin A supplementation on child growth. METHODS:Data from a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, in which a single high dose of vitamin A or placebo was given every 4 months to 1405...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601920
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Additional strategies should be applied to optimize hospital food services, in order to increase the number of patients with adequate protein intake at mealtimes. Therefore, we aim to specify the differences in protein intake per mealtime between the traditional three meals a day food service (TMS...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41430-018-0288-6
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This paper explores the status of knowledge development from clinical trials and other studies of patient education and clinical health promotion. DESIGN:It asks what this cumulative literature has to offer dietary counseling of patients by family doctors. A series of meta-analyses of drug education and prev...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600795
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To explore the different characteristics of high and low fat consumers, in particular their macronutrient intake and body mass index. DESIGN:Reanalysis of data from the Dietary and Nutritional Survey of British Adults. Comparisons were made between groups defined as high and low fat consumers on the basis o...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to compare red blood cell (RBC) fatty acid composition, plasma lipids and lipoproteins and dietary intake between urban and rural Melanesian Fijians. DESIGN:A cross-sectional study was performed in a random subsample (n = 154) from a total survey population of 589 subjects. SETTING:...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between diet and attained height was studied in children and adolescents in Southern California. Diet pattern was determined from an extensive food frequency questionnaire in 1765 Caucasian children of 7-18 years, attending state schools (452 m and 443 f) and Seventh-day Adventist schools (427 m and 4...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Diet quality indices are increasingly used in nutrition epidemiology as dietary exposures in relation to health outcomes. However, literature on the long-term stability of these indices is limited. We aimed to assess the stability of the validated Framingham Nutritional Risk Score (FNRS) and its c...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ejcn.2011.167
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To study the joint association of coffee consumption and serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels on the risk of developing type II diabetes. DESIGN, SETTING AND SUBJECTS:A total of 21,826 Finnish men and women who were 35-74 years of age and without any history of diabetes at baseline (years 1982, 1987...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602712
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the use of a self-administered quantitative food frequency questionnaire (QFFQ) in a national dietary survey concerning (a) response rates with different distribution methods and reward; (b) degree of underreporting of energy intake; (c) reproducibility of the QFFQ; and (d) seasonal variation on ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600410
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We conducted a mini-review of the literature, focusing on aging-related systemic inflammation and its association with vitamin D (VitD). As main findings, data indicate that inflammation in aging seems to have multiple origins, including immunosenescence, and from intestinal and adipose tissue, where VitD may modulate...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/ejcn.2016.177
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine dose-dependent relationship between ingested fat and its oxidation in the immediate post-prandial period in humans. DESIGN:Subjects were randomly selected for the study at the Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Cambridge, UK. Subjects ingested naturally enriched 13C corn-oil doses (range 20-140g) i...
journal_title：European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601112
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
