Abstract：
:Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) at a dose of 1 mg/kg body wt was injected into male rats of the Wistar strain, weighing 250 g on the average, twice a day (12-hr intervals) for 7 consecutive days. DNA and RNA contents and [3H]-thymidine and [3H]-uridine incorporation into the acid-insoluble fraction significantly increased in the adrenals or rats treated with Cd for 2 and 7 consecutive days. Adrenal protein content and weight also significantly increased. These results indicate that continued treatment with Cd stimulates DNA and RNA synthesis in the adrenal cortex, which in turn results in the increase of the total protein contents of the adrenal gland and subsequently in the enlargement of the gland. Serum adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) and insulin levels in Cd-treated rats were not higher than control levels, suggesting that the stimulation of DNA synthesis in the adrenals of Cd-treated rats is due to factor(s) other than serum ACTH and insulin. Treatment with Cd inhibited DNA synthesis in cultured adrenocortical cells at concentrations of 10(-4) to 10(-8) M, suggesting that Cd does not directly stimulate DNA synthesis in the adrenal gland in vivo. Although the adrenal gland became enlarged, the total adrenal corticosterone content decreased significantly. The decrease of total adrenal corticosterone content may be due to the fall in serum ACTH level of Cd-treated rats.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Nishiyama S,Nakamura Kdoi
10.1016/0041-008x(84)90287-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-07-01 00:00:00pages
337-44issue
3eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Inhalation of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) produces injury to the epithelium of terminal airways and the alveoli proximal to the airways. Techniques were devised to isolate alveolar tissue from this region for morphometric studies to define the extent of alveolar septal injury caused by NO2. One-day-old and six-week-old rat...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(86)90321-2
更新日期：1986-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Freely moving rats were exposed to sarin vapor (34.2+/-0.8 microg/l) for 10 min. Mortality at 24 h was 35% and toxic sings in the surviving rats ranged from sever (prolonged convulsions) through moderate to almost no overt signs. Some of the surviving rats developed delayed, intermittent convulsions. All rats were eva...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2007.11.006
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Direct additions to culture media of either acetaminophen (APAP) or 7-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (7-OH-AAF) resulted in abnormal closure of the anterior neuropores of cultured rat embryos in the absence of an exogenous bioactivation system. Concentrations required to produce a 50% incidence of the defect were appro...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(89)90192-0
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We developed a fusion toxin consisting of the catalytic and translocation domains of diphtheria toxin linked to human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (DTGM) for the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Our goal in this study was to determine the toxicity and pharmacokineti...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1999.8691
更新日期：1999-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A 24-hr oral pretreatment of rats with 1.6 g/kg acetaminophen potentiated hepatotoxicity of allyl alcohol, bromobenzene, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1-dichloroethylene, and thioacetamide, as assessed by elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase activity and histopathological examination. Doses, of these hepatotoxicants,...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(91)90179-i
更新日期：1991-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies in this laboratory have shown that the combined exposure of hydrogen chloride (HCI) and formaldehyde vapors (HCHO) elicited a significant incidence of nasal cancer in rats. In studies performed elsewhere, it has been demonstrated that exposure to formaldehyde alone induced a high nasal cancer response...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(85)90411-9
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Partition coefficients (PCs) are chemical-specific parameters used in physiologically based pharmacokinetic models to describe chemical solubility in tissues. Tissue:air PCs for volatile chemicals can be estimated using vial equilibration techniques in which the chemical concentration in the vial headspace is measured...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1994.1184
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protection against the toxic effects of chronic alcohol consumption was observed in male guinea pigs maintained on a high-ascorbic-acid diet (vitamin C-deficient chow plus 2.0 mg ascorbic acid/ml drinking water) as compared to animals on a low-ascorbic-acid diet (vitamin C-deficient chow and from 0.025 to 0.050 mg asc...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(86)90141-9
更新日期：1986-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebellar granule cells are preferentially targeted during methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning. Following acute MeHg exposure, granule cells in culture undergo an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) that apparently contributes to cell death. This effect consists of several temporally and kinetically dis...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2001.9327
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methyl chloride (MeCl) metabolism and pharmacokinetics were studied in male Fischer 344 rats and male beagle dogs. Apparent steady-state blood MeCl concentrations were proportionate to exposure concentration in rats and dogs exposed to 50 and 1000 ppm. Furthermore, blood MeCl concentrations were similar in both specie...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(83)90292-2
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulfur mustard [bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide, SM] is a well-known DNA-damaging agent that has been used in chemical warfare since World War I, and is a weapon that could potentially be used in a terrorist attack on a civilian population. Dermal exposure to high concentrations of SM produces severe, long-lasting burns. To...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.06.010
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A transformer cooled and insulated with a mixture of 65% Aroclor 1254 and 35% chlorinated benzenes located in the Binghamton State Office Building in Binghamton, New York, was involved in a fire, which produced soot containing polychlorinated biphenyls, biphenylenes, dioxins, and dibenzofurans. A single dose of either...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(83)90326-5
更新日期：1983-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of maternal selenium deficiency on methyl mercury fetotoxicity was examined in the ICR strain of mice. Pregnant mice were fed either selenium-deficient diets based on torula yeast or selenium-supplemented diets which were identical to the former except that 0.1, 0.2, or 0.4 mg of selenium per kilogram of di...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(87)90207-9
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 52 monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were dosed orally with vehicle or 1.5 mg/kg/day of lead on one of four dosing regimens (13 monkeys/group): Group 1, vehicle only; Group 2, dosed with lead from birth onward; Group 3, dosed with lead from birth to 400 days of age and vehicle thereafter; Group 4, dosed with ve...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(90)90251-o
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I-compounds are recently discovered, age-dependent covalent DNA modifications, which are detectable by 32P-postlabeling assay for DNA adducts. The effects of the catatoxic antiglucocorticoid, pregnenolone-16 alpha-carbonitrile (PCN), on hepatic and renal I-compound levels have been studied in male and female Sprague-D...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(92)90117-b
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To provide insights into the mode of action for Ni3S2 lung carcinogenicity by examining gene expression changes in target cells after inhalation exposure. METHODS:Gene expression changes were determined in micro-dissected lung broncho-alveolar cells from Fischer 344 rats following inhalation of Ni3S2 at 0.0,...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2014.06.007
更新日期：2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)126 and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) are halogenated organic pollutants of high concern. Exposure to these chemicals is ubiquitous, and can lead to potential synergistic adverse effects in individuals exposed to both classes of chemicals. The present study was designed to identify...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.115301
更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We have recently demonstrated that 19-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (19-HETE) is the major subterminal-HETE formed in the heart tissue, and its formation was decreased during cardiac hypertrophy. In the current study, we examined whether 19-HETE confers cardioprotection against angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac h...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2015.10.003
更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that fumonisin B1 (FB1) inhibits ceramide synthase, resulting in accumulation of free sphinganine and sphingosine. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) plays an important role in FB1 toxicity and the expression of TNFalpha mRNA in liver and kidney is increased following FB1 exposure in mi...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2001.9189
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous reports from our laboratory indicated that prophylactic protection against cyanide intoxication in mice can be enhanced by administration of chlorpromazine when it is given with sodium thiosulfate. The mechanism of potentiation of sodium thiosulfate by chlorpromazine was studied alone and in combination with ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(83)90028-5
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methemoglobin formation, as well as hemoglobin or DNA adducts, are useful biomarkers of occupational exposure to certain arylamines. It has been suggested that, in liver from animals not treated with a cytochrome P450 (CYP) inducer, hepatic CYP1A2 is the major P450 involved in N-hydroxylation. This is the first step i...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2002.9398
更新日期：2002-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Many studies of nanomaterials make non-systematic alterations of nanoparticle physicochemical properties. Given the immense size of the property space for nanomaterials, such approaches are not very useful in elucidating fundamental relationships between inherent physicochemical properties of these materials and their...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2017.03.011
更新日期：2017-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Improvement of COVID-19 clinical condition was seen in studies where combination of antiretroviral drugs, lopinavir and ritonavir, as well as immunomodulant antimalaric, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine together with the macrolide-type antibiotic, azithromycin, was used for patient's treatment. Although these drugs are ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.115237
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:In the heart, cardiac fibroblasts (CF) and cardiac myofibroblasts (CMF) are the main cells responsible for wound healing after cardiac insult. Exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) is a downstream effector of cAMP, and it has been not completely studied on CF. Moreover, in CMF, which are the main cells r...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2013.06.022
更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Mass spectrometry is a unique tool to detect and identify trace levels of organic and bioorganic compounds as well as microorganisms in the environment. The range of potential chemical warfare (CW) and biological warfare (BW) agents is very broad. An important advantage of mass spectrometry over other techniques invol...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2005.02.040
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a group of hepatic toxicant widely present in plants. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A plays a key role in metabolic activation of PAs to generate electrophilic metabolites, which is the main cause of hepatotoxicity. We have previously demonstrated the sex difference in developmental toxicity...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.115137
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone) is a natural toxin produced by walnut trees. In this study we show that juglone differentially reduces viability of human cells in culture. Normal fibroblast were found to be especially sensitive to juglone and lost viability primarily through a rapid apoptotic and necrotic respon...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2005.03.005
更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulforaphane (SFN), is an effective in vitro antagonist of ligand activation of the human pregnane and xenobiotic receptor (PXR). PXR mediated CYP3A4 up-regulation is implicated in adverse drug-drug interactions making identification of small molecule antagonists a desirable therapeutic goal. SFN is not an antagonist ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.029
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of the chemosterilant 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) on the rat testis. Adult male rats were fed control, or 0.1%, or 0.2% DNT for 3 weeks. An ultrastructural study of the testes was performed, serum was assayed for testosterone and gonadotropins, and sperm reserve co...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(88)90287-6
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some environmental chemicals exhibit estrogenic or antiandrogenic activity. Some of these, such as bisphenol A (bis A) and octylphenols, are used in large amounts in many applications. We have analyzed the effects of bis A and octylphenols on steroidogenesis in Leydig cells by measuring the LH receptor-mediated cAMP a...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1999.8674
更新日期：1999-06-15 00:00:00
