Reproductive toxicity of 2,4-dinitrotoluene in the rat.

abstract：:To investigate the mechanisms of erythromycin cholestasis, the effects of erythromycin estolate (EE) on the excretory function of the isolated perfused rat liver and on liver plasma membrane (LM) preparations were studied and compared to those of erythromycin base (EB) and lauryl sulfate (LS), added alone or in combin...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gaeta GB,Utili R,Adinolfi LE,Abernathy CO,Giusti G

更新日期：1985-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Data taken from Aberg et al. ((1969) Arch. Environ. Health 19, 478-484) and Miettinen et al. ((1971) Ann. Clin. Res. 3, 116-122) were analyzed by means of models that describe methyl mercury pharmacokinetics in man in terms of parent compound only (Model I) or in terms of parent compound plus metabolite, inorganic mer...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Smith JC,Farris FF

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dietary 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA) treatment has been shown to increase hepatic glutathione (GSH) content in rats and mice. Subsequent studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that hepatic gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS) activity is increased in mice treated with dietary BHA. To test whether thi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Borroz KI,Buetler TM,Eaton DL

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some environmental chemicals exhibit estrogenic or antiandrogenic activity. Some of these, such as bisphenol A (bis A) and octylphenols, are used in large amounts in many applications. We have analyzed the effects of bis A and octylphenols on steroidogenesis in Leydig cells by measuring the LH receptor-mediated cAMP a...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Nikula H,Talonpoika T,Kaleva M,Toppari J

更新日期：1999-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Female Golden Syrian hamsters, F-344 rats, Swiss CD-1 mice, and B6C3F1 hybrid mice were exposed 6 hr/day, 5 days/week to carcinogenic levels of vinyl chloride (VC) for 6, 12, 18, or 24 months (rats and hamsters only). Other groups of rodents were held for 6 or 12 months and then exposed for 6 or 12 months. At the end ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Drew RT,Boorman GA,Haseman JK,McConnell EE,Busey WM,Moore JA

更新日期：1983-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A subchronic oral toxicity study of disobutamide, a piperidine ring compound with antiarrhythmic activity, was conducted at doses of 30, 100, and 250 mg/kg in rats, 45 mg/kg in dogs, and 90 mg/kg in monkeys. Numerous vacuoles were observed in various organs such as the liver, kidneys, heart, lungs, spleen, thymus, sto...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Koizumi H,Watanabe M,Numata H,Sakai T,Morishita H

更新日期：1986-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:KYKZL-1, a newly synthesized compound with COX/5-LOX dual inhibition, was subjected to the anti-inflammatory activity test focusing on its modulation of inflammatory mediators as well as intracellular MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. In acute ear edema model, pretreatment with KYKZL-1 (p.o.) dose-dependently inhibit...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Xu GL,Du YF,Cheng J,Huan L,Chen SC,Wei SH,Gong ZN,Cai J,Qiu T,Wu H,Sun T,Ao GZ

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biochemical mechanism involved in cadmium-induced cellular injury remains to be elucidated. Various theories have been proposed to account for this action, one of which is an interaction with reduced sulfhydryl (SH) groups of membranes. The ability of a known SH group reducing agent, dithiothreitol (DTT), to inter...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Stacey NH

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ah locus encodes a cytosolic receptor that regulates the induction of certain drug-metabolizing enzymes by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo[a]pyrene. Some inbred mouse strains such as C57BL/6N have the high-affinity Ah receptor (Ahb/Ahb), others such as DBA/2N, the poor-affinity receptor (Ahd/Ahd). P...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Legraverend C,Harrison DE,Ruscetti FW,Nebert DW

更新日期：1983-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Berberine has been demonstrated to alleviate renal interstitial, liver and myocardial fibrosis when administered orally despite its extremely low bioavailability. Here, we inspected effect of berberine on pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and explored underlying mechanisms on the basis of intestinal endocrine. The results showe...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Guan C,Qiao S,Lv Q,Cao N,Wang K,Dai Y,Wei Z

更新日期：2018-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecule-targeted therapies like those against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are becoming widely used in the oncology clinic. With improvements in treatment efficacy, many cancers are being treated as chronic diseases, with patients having prolonged exposure to several therapies that were previously only...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Barrick CJ,Yu M,Chao HH,Threadgill DW

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetaminophen (APAP) administration (600 mg/kg, ip) to 18-hr fasted, 3-month-old male CD-1 mice results in necrosis of the convoluted renal proximal tubules with a corresponding elevation of plasma urea nitrogen (BUN). Administration of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase inhibitor, L-(alpha S,5S)-alpha-amino-3-chloro-4...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Emeigh Hart SG,Wyand DS,Khairallah EA,Cohen SD

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), the main active ingredient of licorice, reportedly has anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties, but its molecular mechanisms remain be elusive. In the present study, Balb/c mice were pretreated with GA (10, 30, or 100mg/kg) 1h before lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/d-galactosamine (D-GalN)...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Yin X,Gong X,Zhang L,Jiang R,Kuang G,Wang B,Chen X,Wan J

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) activate neutrophils to induce degranulation and undergo superoxide production through a mechanism that involves stimulation of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)). Since the biochemical processes leading to the PCB-induced activation of this enzyme are unknown, the objective of this study was...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Olivero J,Ganey PE

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on the male reproductive system were investigated. Sexually mature (290 g) Sprague-Dawley rats were given single oral doses of TCDD sufficient to cause varying degrees of hypophagia and impaired body weight gain. The largest doses decreased plasma testosterone and ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Moore RW,Potter CL,Theobald HM,Robinson JA,Peterson RE

更新日期：1985-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most common mycotoxins which contaminate cereals and their by-products worldwide. Previous studies have stated toxic effects of DON on liver. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays a potential role in protecting liver and maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis. Therefore, a study on the poten...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Peng Z,Liao Y,Chen L,Liu S,Shan Z,Nüssler AK,Yao P,Yan H,Liu L,Yang W

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Beryllium (Be+2), a divalent metal ion, is toxic to both man and animal. Although the molecular basis for its toxicity is unknown, it is well established that micromolar concentrations of beryllium specifically inhibit certain enzymes. Previous in vitro studies have shown that the presence of ferritin, an iron-storage...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lindenschmidt RC,Sendelbach LE,Witschi HP,Price DJ,Fleming J,Joshi JG

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mercury (Hg) has long been recognized as a neurotoxicant; however, recent work in animal models has implicated Hg as an immunotoxicant. In particular, Hg has been shown to induce autoimmune disease in susceptible animals with effects including overproduction of specific autoantibodies and pathophysiologic signs of lup...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Silbergeld EK,Silva IA,Nyland JF

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study assessed the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) affinity, and cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) protein and activity in polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-induced oxidative stress. In the 1-100nM concentration range benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) but not benzo[e]pyrene (BeP) competitively displaced 2nM [(3)H]2, 3, 7, 8-tetr...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Curtis LR,Garzon CB,Arkoosh M,Collier T,Myers MS,Buzitis J,Hahn ME

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gap junctional intercellular communication appears to be important in the regulation of cellular homeostasis, differentiated cell functions, and growth control in adult tissues. Interruption of intercellular communication by chemical compounds has been shown to be a sublethal response to a number of tumor promoters. T...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Klaunig JE,Ruch RJ,Weghorst CM

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is well known for its immunotoxic effects particularly on the thymus. The exact mechanism by which TCDD induces thymic atrophy is not clear. In the current study, we investigated whether TCDD triggers apoptosis in thymocytes, when administered in vivo, by using the TdT-mediat...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kamath AB,Xu H,Nagarkatti PS,Nagarkatti M

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiments were conducted to study the acute and subacute effects of intramuscularly injected T-2 toxin in rats and rabbits. The LD50 values of T-2 toxin were 0.85 +/- 0.03 and 1.10 +/- 0.08 mg/kg body wt in rats and rabbits, respectively. The intoxication was characterized by a consistent decrease in serum alkaline ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Chan PK,Gentry PA

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of 14C-labeled clodronate (dichloromethylene bisphosphonate), a new bisphosphonate for the treatment of osteolytic bone metastases and hypercalcemia, was studied in mice by whole-body autoradiography and by measuring the 14C activities in various tissues [14C]Clodronate was administered into the tail ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mönkkönen J,Ylitalo P,Elo HA,Airaksinen MM

更新日期：1987-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) cause many adverse health problems, and reports indicate increased risk of breast cancer in men and women through exposure to gasoline and vehicle exhaust. However, DEPs include vast numbers of compounds, and the specific compound(s) responsible for these actions are not clear. We recen...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Furuta C,Suzuki AK,Watanabe G,Li C,Taneda S,Taya K

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the effect of cadmium exposure on maternal and fetal zinc metabolism, rats were exposed to 0, 5, 50, or 100 ppm Cd in the drinking water on Days 6 through 20 of pregnancy. In comparison to controls, fetal and maternal weights were slightly reduced in the 50- and 100-ppm groups, but not the 5-ppm group. Multip...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sorell TL,Graziano JH

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inter-relationship of "Thresholds" between chemical mixtures and their respective component single chemicals was studied using three sets of data and two types of analyses. Two in vitro data sets involve cytotoxicity in human keratinocytes from treatment of metals and a metal mixture [Bae, D.S., Gennings, C., Cart...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Yang RS,Dennison JE

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of lipid peroxidation in the cell death produced by the haloalkene cysteine conjugates S-(1,2,3,4,4-pentachlorobutadienyl)-L-cysteine (PCBC), S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (DCVC), S-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl)-L-cysteine (TFEC), and S-(2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl)-L-cysteine (CTFC) was investigated using ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Groves CE,Lock EA,Schnellmann RG

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This pilot study was designed to assess whether a synthetic matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor has anti-inflammatory properties in mild asthma. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) has been shown to be an important cytokine in the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammatory responses, and its release can be i...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Bruce C,Thomas PS

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the inhibition of striatal cholinesterase activity following intracerebral administration of paraoxon assaying activity either in tissue homogenates ex vivo or by substrate hydrolysis in situ. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) or paraoxon in aCSF was infused unilaterally (0.5 microl/min for 2 h) and i...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ray A,Liu J,Karanth S,Gao Y,Brimijoin S,Pope C

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome-wide, promoter-focused ChIP-chip analysis of hepatic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) binding sites was conducted in 8-week old female C57BL/6 treated with 30 μg/kg/body weight 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) for 2 h and 24 h. These studies identified 1642 and 508 AHR-bound regions at 2h and 24h, resp...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lo R,Celius T,Forgacs AL,Dere E,MacPherson L,Harper P,Zacharewski T,Matthews J

更新日期：2011-11-15 00:00:00