Abstract:
:Female Golden Syrian hamsters, F-344 rats, Swiss CD-1 mice, and B6C3F1 hybrid mice were exposed 6 hr/day, 5 days/week to carcinogenic levels of vinyl chloride (VC) for 6, 12, 18, or 24 months (rats and hamsters only). Other groups of rodents were held for 6 or 12 months and then exposed for 6 or 12 months. At the end of the study the incidence of VC-induced neoplasms was compared in each of the groups to assess the effects of duration of exposure and age at the start of exposure on carcinogenicity of VC. In rats, with early initial exposure, hemangiosarcomas, hepatocellular carcinomas, and mammary gland carcinomas occurred with increasing incidence with longer exposure duration. Rats held for 6 months before exposure developed VC-related neoplasms, while rats held 12 months before the start of exposure failed to show a significantly increased incidence of these neoplasms. In hamsters, hemangiosarcomas, mammary gland carcinomas, gastric adenocarcinomas, and skin carcinomas resulted from VC exposure. The highest incidence of malignant neoplasms occurred in hamsters exposed for the first 12 months, whereas exposure begun after 12 months of age did not cause neoplasms. In both strains of mice, VC exposure during the first 6 months of the experiment induced a high incidence of hemangiosarcomas and mammary gland carcinomas. Swiss mice also developed lung carcinomas after only 6 months of exposure. In all three rodent species an initial 12 month exposure to VC was adequate to detect its carcinogenic potential, but the shortened survival of VC exposed mice and hamsters precluded a meaningful comparison with longer periods of exposure. Exposures were most effective when started early in life.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Drew RT,Boorman GA,Haseman JK,McConnell EE,Busey WM,Moore JAdoi
10.1016/0041-008x(83)90361-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-03-30 00:00:00pages
120-30issue
1eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333pii
0041-008X(83)90361-7journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The acaricide chlordimeform has been reported to have adverse effects in mammals that may be mediated by an interaction with alpha-adrenergic receptors. Since the hormonal signals involved in the regulation of reproductive function are themselves under hypothalamic adrenergic control, the present study was designed to...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(90)90279-4
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic is a toxicant found in ground water around the world, and human exposure mainly comes from drinking water or from crops grown in areas containing arsenic in soils or water. Epidemiological studies have shown that arsenic exposure during development decreased intellectual function, reduced birth weight, and alt...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2014.10.007
更新日期:2014-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical stage during the development of silicosis fibrosis. In the current study, we hypothesized that the anti-fibrotic tetrapeptide, N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) may exert its anti-fibrotic effects via activation of the TGF-β1/ROCK1 pathway, leadin...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2016.01.010
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ACuteTox Project (part of the EU 6th Framework Programme) was started up in January 2005. The aim of this project is to develop a simple and robust in vitro strategy for prediction of human acute systemic toxicity, which could replace animal tests used for regulatory purposes. Our group is responsible for the char...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2009.05.005
更新日期:2009-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Organic UV filters including benzophenone-3 (BP-3) are widely used to protect humans and materials from damage by UV irradiation. Despite the environmental occurrence of BP-3 in the aquatic environment, little is known about its effects and modes of action. In the present study we assess molecular and physiological ef...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2012.06.008
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a subpopulation of the CF-1 mouse strain that is very sensitive to the neurotoxicity induced by the avermectins, a class of natural products widely used in veterinary and human medicine as anti-parasitic agents. This sensitivity results from a lack of P-glycoprotein in the intestine and brain of sensitive ani...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1997.8225
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reversal of saxitoxin (STX; 10 micrograms/kg, ip) induced cardiorespiratory effects by oxygen ventilation and burro-raised alpha-STX antitoxin (60 mg/kg, i.v.) was studied in urethane-anesthetized guinea pigs acutely instrumented for concurrent monitoring of medullary respiratory-related single units, diaphragm EMG, L...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1006
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::4-Chlorotetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline is a quinoxaline derivative. We aimed to study the effects of 4-chlorotetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline on activation of mast cells in vitro and in mice. 4-Chlorotetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline reversibly inhibited degranulation of mast cells in a dose-dependent manner, and also suppressed th...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2011.09.009
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a class, the biguanides induce lactic acidosis, a hallmark of mitochondrial impairment. To assess potential mitochondrial impairment, we evaluated the effects of metformin, buformin and phenformin on: 1) viability of HepG2 cells grown in galactose, 2) respiration by isolated mitochondria, 3) metabolic poise of HepG...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2008.08.013
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the effect that TCDD has on humoral immunity has been well documented for the mouse, it has not been for the rat. In this study, the effect that TCDD has on the antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in adult female B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats was compared. The effect that TCDD...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1029
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals, CYP3A isozymes collectively comprise the largest portion of the liver and small intestinal CYP protein. They are involved in the metabolism of an extensive range of endogenous substrates and xenobiotics and make a significant contribution to the termination of the action of steroid hormones. A full-length ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2004.10.019
更新日期:2005-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::A number of chemicals cause a nephrotoxic syndrome in male rats, referred to as protein droplet or alpha 2u-globulin (alpha 2u) nephropathy. To evaluate the potential human risk for developing a similar chemically-induced protein-mediated nephrotoxic response, the low-molecular-weight protein fraction (LMWPF) was isol...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1993.1064
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Juvenile rats have been reported to be more sensitive to the acute neurotoxic effects of the pyrethroid deltamethrin than adults. While toxicokinetic differences between juveniles and adults are documented, toxicodynamic differences have not been examined. Voltage-gated sodium channels, the primary targets of pyrethro...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2008.04.017
更新日期:2008-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of the chemosterilant 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) on the rat testis. Adult male rats were fed control, or 0.1%, or 0.2% DNT for 3 weeks. An ultrastructural study of the testes was performed, serum was assayed for testosterone and gonadotropins, and sperm reserve co...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(88)90287-6
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the main bioactive component in tea (Camellia sinensis) catechins, and exhibits potential antitumor activity against colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unclear. We investigated the effects of EGCG on activities of CRC cells and the exact mol...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2020.115100
更新日期:2020-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Following exposure to 2 ppm ozone for 4 hr, two distinct effects on rat lung inflammatory cell oxidant generation were observed. TPA- and opsonized zymosan-stimulated superoxide production by the inflammatory cell population was found to be maximally inhibited 24 hr following ozone exposure. In contrast, luminol-ampli...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(89)90005-7
更新日期:1989-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) is a widely studied Sertoli cell toxicant. Here we describe alterations in Sertoli cell vimentin filament distribution and the incidence of testicular germ cell apoptosis in young (28-day-old) Fischer rats that were treated with MEHP (2 microgram/kg, po) and killed 0, 3, 6, or 12 h...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1996.0055
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In utero bisphenol A (BPA) exposure affects reproductive function in the first generation (F1) of mice; however, not many studies have examined the reproductive effects of BPA exposure on subsequent generations. In this study, pregnant mice (F0) were orally dosed with vehicle, BPA (0.5, 20, and 50 μg/kg/day) or diethy...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2015.03.003
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Often, chemotherapy by doxorubicin (Adriamycin) is limited due to life threatening cardiotoxicity in patients during and posttherapy. Recently, we have shown that moderate diet restriction remarkably protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. This cardioprotection is accompanied by decreased cardiac oxidativ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2008.05.006
更新日期:2008-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Four triazole fungicides used in agricultural or pharmaceutical applications were examined for hepatotoxic effects in mouse liver. Besides organ weight, histopathology, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme induction, DNA microarrays were used to generate gene expression profiles and hypotheses on potential mechanisms of a...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2006.02.016
更新日期:2006-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The toxic milk mutation is an autosomal recessive mutation found in an inbred C57BL/6J strain of mice which results in an excessive hepatic accumulation of copper (Cu), mostly associated with metallothionein (MT). The possible toxicological significance of elevated levels of hepatic copper-metallothionein (Cu-MT) was ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1052
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic exposure to low lead concentration produces hypertension; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We analyzed the role of oxidative stress, cyclooxygenase-2-dependent pathways and MAPK in the vascular alterations induced by chronic lead exposure. Aortas from lead-treated Wistar rats (1st dose: 10 μg...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2015.01.005
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contact sensitization is caused by low molecular weight compounds which penetrate the skin and bind to protein. In many cases, these compounds are activated to reactive species, either by autoxidation on exposure to air or by metabolic activation in the skin. Geraniol, a widely used fragrance chemical, is considered t...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2008.08.014
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental toxicant and an established carcinogen. Epidemiological studies implicate Cd with human breast cancer. Low micromolar concentrations of Cd promote proliferation of human breast cancer cells in vitro. The growth promotion of breast cancer cells is associated with the activation of...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2015.05.010
更新日期:2015-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Several neurotoxic compounds cause aggregation of neurofilaments in peripheral axons. This may represent a primary action of these chemicals or a secondary response to other cellular damage. To distinguish between these possibilities, the effects of acrylamide and 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD) on vimentin were examined in ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(89)90063-x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risk assessments are enhanced when policy and other decision-makers have access to experimental science designed to specifically inform key policy questions. Currently, our scientific understanding and science policy for environmental mixtures are based largely on extrapolating from and combining data in the observabl...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2007.02.010
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inter-relationship of "Thresholds" between chemical mixtures and their respective component single chemicals was studied using three sets of data and two types of analyses. Two in vitro data sets involve cytotoxicity in human keratinocytes from treatment of metals and a metal mixture [Bae, D.S., Gennings, C., Cart...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2006.11.016
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Improvement of COVID-19 clinical condition was seen in studies where combination of antiretroviral drugs, lopinavir and ritonavir, as well as immunomodulant antimalaric, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine together with the macrolide-type antibiotic, azithromycin, was used for patient's treatment. Although these drugs are ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2020.115237
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work from this laboratory (J. S. Lazo, J. D. Catravas, and C. N. Gillis, Biochem. Pharmacol. 30, 2577-2584, 1981; J. D. Catraveras, J. S. Lazo, and C. N. Gillis, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 217, 524-529, 1981) demonstrated that subacute bleomycin (BLM) administration (5 mg/kg) to rabbits three times weekly for 4...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(83)90309-5
更新日期:1983-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Eicosanoids released after ozone exposure of a human bronchial epithelial cell line, BEAS-S6, were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) of supernatants from exposed cells prelabeled with [3H]arachidonic acid. BEAS cells released thromboxane B2 (TxB2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), leukotriene C4 (LTC4), L...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1993.1027
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00