Abstract：
:The acaricide chlordimeform has been reported to have adverse effects in mammals that may be mediated by an interaction with alpha-adrenergic receptors. Since the hormonal signals involved in the regulation of reproductive function are themselves under hypothalamic adrenergic control, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of acute exposure to this compound on the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. Male rats given two intraperitoneal injections of chlordimeform-HCl (20 or 50 mg/kg) spaced 12 hr apart showed 24-hr declines in serum gonadotropins at 50 mg/kg that were paralleled by a drop in testosterone. These changes returned to control levels by 96 hr. Thyroid-stimulating hormone exhibited a dose-response decline that was accompanied by a similar decrease in serum thyroid hormone levels. The norepinephrine-stimulated secretion in vitro of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from hypothalamic explants was suppressed at the higher dose, while LH release from pituitary fragments in culture was unaffected. Although measurements of the in vitro release of other pituitary hormones suggest that there could be some direct pituitary effects of the compound, it appears likely that chlordimeform is able to influence endocrine regulation adversely within the reproductive system by interfering with hypothalamic alpha-adrenergic activity.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Goldman JM,Cooper RL,Laws SC,Rehnberg GL,Edwards TL,McElroy WK,Hein JFdoi
10.1016/0041-008x(90)90279-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-06-01 00:00:00pages
25-35issue
1eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333journal_volume
104pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The toxicity of 16 metal salts to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was determined by measuring the cloning efficiency (CE) of CHO cells after exposure to the metals. CHO cells differed by a factor of 10(5) to 10(6) in their toxic response to these metal salts. While Cd(II) was the most toxic ion, Mg(II) exhibited the...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(84)90286-2
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A major obstacle in defining the mechanism of chemical-induced toxicity has been the inability to distinguish between events that cause cell death and those that result from cell death. This problem results from measuring biochemical parameters in tissues or cell pellets containing both viable and nonviable cells. In ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(85)90350-3
更新日期：1985-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that stimulates transcription directed by xenobiotic response elements upstream of target genes. Recently, AhR ligands were reported to induce formation of an AhR-estrogen receptor (ER) complex, which can bind to estrogen response elements (ERE...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2005.09.011
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was undertaken to determine the ability of a series of 19 compounds representing different chemical classes of carcinogens to induce lung tumors in strain A/J mice after either ip or po administration. Aflatoxin B1, dibutylnitrosamine, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, and methylnitrosourea induced a significant incre...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(86)90433-3
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T-2 toxin, a trichothecene mycotoxin, is a potently cytotoxic and immunosuppressive secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium fungi. Young male white Swiss mice were fed a diet supplemented with T-2 toxin at levels of 5, 10, or 20 ppm, control diet ad libitum, or control diet at a restricted rate for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(83)90304-6
更新日期：1983-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural flavonoids have diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the action of 5-methoxyflavanone (5-MF) which has a strong bioavailability and metabolic stability. Our results show tha...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.05.003
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tolerance to several toxic effects of Cd, including lethality, has been shown following pretreatment with Cd. This study was designed to determine if tolerance also develops to Cd-induced hepatotoxicity. Rats were challenged with Cd (2.0, 3.0, 4.0, or 5.0 mg/kg, iv) 24 hr after pretreatment with saline (2 ml/kg, sc) o...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(84)90283-7
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulforaphane (SFN), is an effective in vitro antagonist of ligand activation of the human pregnane and xenobiotic receptor (PXR). PXR mediated CYP3A4 up-regulation is implicated in adverse drug-drug interactions making identification of small molecule antagonists a desirable therapeutic goal. SFN is not an antagonist ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.029
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male, English smooth haired guinea pigs were exposed to thermal decomposition products, i.e., smoke, generated by heating Douglas fir in an open system. Various amounts of Douglas fir were placed in a furnace, at room temperature, and heated at a rate of 11 degrees C/min until completely decomposed. Major decompositio...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(84)90077-2
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were given an ip injection of T-2 mycotoxin (T-2), the T-2 metabolite, T-2 tetraol (tetraol), or cycloheximide. Serum, liver, heart, kidney, spleen, muscle, and intestine were collected at 3, 6, and 9 hr postinjection after a 2-hr pulse at each time with [14C]leucine and [3H]thymidine. Protein and DNA synthesis l...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(90)90151-j
更新日期：1990-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), which is a key cofactor of the electron transport chain in the mitochondria has shown many beneficial effects on liver diseases. However, the mechanisms of CoQ10 protective role on the acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury are elusive and unclear. In this study, we further investigated the Co...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.115355
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 2009 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference (TRAC) session on "Advances in Exposure and Toxicity Assessment of Particulate Matter" was held in April 2009 in West Chester, OH. The goal of this session was to bring together toxicology, geology and risk assessment experts from the Department of Defense and academi...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2010.10.020
更新日期：2011-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:For highly water soluble and reactive gases, such as formaldehyde, the reported distribution of nasal lesions in rats and rhesus monkeys following inhalation exposure may be attributable, at least in part, to regional gas uptake patterns that are a consequence of nasal airflow characteristics. Inspiratory nasal airflo...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0041-008x(05)80005-5
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Corticosteroids will induce cleft palate in mice. One suggested mechanism for this effect is through inhibition of phospholipase activity. This hypothesis was tested by measuring the effects of dexamethasone, a synthetic corticosteroid, on phospholipase activity in cultures of palate mesenchymal cells. Palate mesenchy...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(84)90207-2
更新日期：1984-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A previously developed PBPK model for ethylene glycol and glycolic acid was extended to include glyoxylic acid, oxalic acid, and the precipitation of calcium oxalate that is associated with kidney toxicity in rats and humans. The development and evaluation of the PBPK model was based upon previously published pharmaco...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2010.10.011
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been proposed [J. D. McKinney, J. Fawkes, S. Jordan, K. Chae, S. Oatley, R. E. Coleman, and W. Briner (1985). Environ. Health Perspect. 61, 41-53] that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) produces toxic responses through persistent occupancy of nuclear thyroxine (T4) receptors, and that maintenance of re...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(87)90144-x
更新日期：1987-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The restoration of plasma acetylcholinesterase activity in mice following inhibition by organophosphorus pesticides and nerve agents has been attributed to synthesis of new enzyme. It is generally assumed that activity levels return to normal, are stable and do not exceed the normal level. We have observed over the pa...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.06.021
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mice lacking the modifier subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (Gclm), the rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione (GSH) synthesis, have decreased tissue GSH. We previously showed that Gclm-/- embryos have increased sensitivity to the prenatal in vivo ovarian toxicity of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2018.05.024
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of tumors in relationship to 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) dose and time on study has been evaluated in an experiment conducted by the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) using more than 24,000 female BALB/c mice. By using a biologically based model of two-event carcinogenesis accounting ex...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(90)90284-2
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a class, the biguanides induce lactic acidosis, a hallmark of mitochondrial impairment. To assess potential mitochondrial impairment, we evaluated the effects of metformin, buformin and phenformin on: 1) viability of HepG2 cells grown in galactose, 2) respiration by isolated mitochondria, 3) metabolic poise of HepG...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2008.08.013
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) is a protein that binds to the nuclear matrix attachment region of the cell and regulates gene expression by altering chromatin structure. In our previous study, we reported that SATB2 gene expression was induced in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells transfo...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2016.01.008
更新日期：2016-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The present investigation was undertaken to study if curcumin, which is recognized for its potential as an antineoplastic and immunopotentiating agent, can also influence the process of myelopoiesis in a tumor-bearing host. Administration of curcumin to tumor-bearing host augmented count of bone marrow cell (BMC) acco...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.06.004
更新日期：2012-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Trimethyltin (TMT) is a neurotoxicant known to alter auditory function. The present study was designed to compare TMT-induced auditory dysfunction using behavioral, electrophysiological, and anatomical techniques. Adult male Long-Evans hooded rats (n = 9-12/group) were acutely exposed to saline, 3, 5, or 7 mg/kg TMT. ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(90)90364-z
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two members of the cytochrome P450 2A subfamily, CYP2A10 and 2A11, are abundant nasal enzymes previously characterized in rabbit olfactory microsomes. Rabbit CYP2A is active toward a number of nasal toxicants, including the rat nasal procarcinogen hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA). While P450s immunochemically related to...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1996.7975
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to the potent tumor promoter 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or related agonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) can result in hepatocarcinogenesis in rodents. Changes in the expression and/or the level of growth factors may be a critical event in TCDD-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis. In this...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1998.8460
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the metabolism of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), fast denitration with the formation of nitrite ions and a mononitrate plays an important role. In contrast, the denitration of isosorbide-5-mononitrate (IS-5-MN) to isosorbide is very slow. Accordingly po administration of high doses of ISDN (92.5 and 236 mg/kg) in con...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(84)90258-8
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inflammasome is a multi-protein complex which when activated regulates caspase-1 activation and IL-1β and IL-18 secretion. The NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome is constitutively assembled and activated in human melanoma cells. We have examined the inhibitory effect of thymoqui...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2013.03.027
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This pilot study was designed to assess whether a synthetic matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor has anti-inflammatory properties in mild asthma. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) has been shown to be an important cytokine in the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammatory responses, and its release can be i...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2004.10.005
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The direct-acting mutagenicity of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), a tumorigenic environmental pollutant and model nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, was studied in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Previous reports indicated that 1-NP, a potent direct-acting mutagen in Salmonella typhimurium, was mutagenic in CHO cells only...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(91)90016-8
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methyl chloride (MeCl) metabolism and pharmacokinetics were studied in male Fischer 344 rats and male beagle dogs. Apparent steady-state blood MeCl concentrations were proportionate to exposure concentration in rats and dogs exposed to 50 and 1000 ppm. Furthermore, blood MeCl concentrations were similar in both specie...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(83)90292-2
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
