Mutagenesis and DNA adduct formation by 1-nitropyrene in Chinese hamster ovary cells without exogenous metabolic activation.

abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent environmental pollutant that activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) resulting in altered gene expression. In vivo, in vitro, and ex vivo studies have demonstrated that B cells are directly impaired by TCDD, and are a sensitive target as evidenced by sup...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kovalova N,Nault R,Crawford R,Zacharewski TR,Kaminski NE

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Corticosteroids will induce cleft palate in mice. One suggested mechanism for this effect is through inhibition of phospholipase activity. This hypothesis was tested by measuring the effects of dexamethasone, a synthetic corticosteroid, on phospholipase activity in cultures of palate mesenchymal cells. Palate mesenchy...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Bulleit RF,Zimmerman EF

更新日期：1984-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Acrolein is a highly toxic, volatile, unsaturated aldehyde generated during incomplete combustion as in tobacco smoke and indoor fires. Because the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel mediates tobacco smoke-induced lung injury, we assessed its role in high-level acrolein-induced toxicity in mice. Ac...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Conklin DJ,Haberzettl P,Jagatheesan G,Kong M,Hoyle GW

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A primary role of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is regulation of cholinergic neurotransmission by hydrolysis of synaptic acetylcholine. In the developing nervous system, however, AChE also functions as a morphogenic factor to promote axonal growth. This raises the question of whether organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) th...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Yang D,Howard A,Bruun D,Ajua-Alemanj M,Pickart C,Lein PJ

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship of exposure and tissue concentration of parent chemical and metabolites over prolonged exposure is a critical issue for chronic toxicities mediated by metabolite(s) rather than parent chemical alone. This is an issue for AsV because its trivalent metabolites have unique toxicities and relatively great...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kenyon EM,Hughes MF,Adair BM,Highfill JH,Crecelius EA,Clewell HJ,Yager JW

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kidney is the primary target organ in chronic cadmium (Cd) toxicity, and oxidative stress plays an important role in this process. The nuclear transcription factor Nrf2 binds to antioxidant response elements (AREs) and regulates genes involved in protecting cells from oxidative damage. Whether kidney cells respond to ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Chen J,Shaikh ZA

更新日期：2009-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The kidneys are the primary organ for the accumulation and toxicity of inorganic mercury. In these studies the molecular response of precision-cut rabbit renal cortical slices to low levels of inorganic mercury was examined. Cortical slices (275 microm) were obtained from 1.0 kg NZW rabbits and exposed to mercuric chl...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Turney KD,Parrish AR,Orozco J,Gandolfi AJ

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept of toxicovigilance encompasses the active detection, validation and follow-up of clinical adverse events related to toxic exposures in human beings. Poison centers are key players in this function as poisoning statistics are essential to define the cause, incidence and severity of poisonings occurring in t...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Descotes J,Testud F

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen mustard (NM) is a toxic vesicant known to cause damage to the respiratory tract. Injury is associated with increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In these studies we analyzed the effects of transient inhibition of iNOS using aminoguanidine (AG) on NM-induced pulmonary toxicity. Rats w...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Malaviya R,Venosa A,Hall L,Gow AJ,Sinko PJ,Laskin JD,Laskin DL

更新日期：2012-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Earlier, we reported that chronic cadmium (Cd)-exposure to prostate epithelial (RWPE-1) cells causes defective autophagy, which leads to the transformation of a malignant phenotype in both in vitro and in vivo models. However, the upstream events responsible for defective autophagy are yet to be delineated. The presen...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kolluru V,Tyagi A,Chandrasekaran B,Ankem M,Damodaran C

更新日期：2019-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The substrate preference of an aldehyde dehydrogenase induced in rat liver cytosol by 3-methylcholanthrene was examined. This enzyme, T-ALDH, is identical to the aldehyde dehydrogenase inducible in rat liver by 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin and the tumor-associated aldehyde dehydrogenase found in rat hepatocell...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Marselos M,Lindahl R

更新日期：1988-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The industrial solvent ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) is a known teratogen that has been reported to alter calcium metabolism in guinea pigs during chronic exposure. Because of the tremendous demand of reproduction on maternal calcium stores, the effects of EGME on calcium and vitamin D metabolism during gest...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Toraason M,Niemeier RW,Hardin BD

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the mechanisms responsible for chemically induced oxidative stress are under intense investigation, little is known about the effects of prooxidant chemicals on the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes. We examined the effects of diquat (0.1 mmol/kg, ip) and ciprofibrate (0.025% w/w, diet), chemicals which...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gallagher EP,Buetler TM,Stapleton PL,Wang C,Stahl DL,Eaton DL

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report that there is a time-related change in the phospholipase C (PLC) activities of rat brain cytosol and membrane fractions after iv injection of a soman-like or a sarin-like organophosphorous agent (bis(isopropyl methyl)phosphonate [BIMP] and bis(pinacolyl methyl)phosphonate [BPMP]). PLCgamma was activated in t...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Niijima H,Nagao M,Nakajima M,Takatori T,Matsuda Y,Iwase H,Kobayashi M

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of brain tissue preparation to generate superoxide from xenobiotic interactions has been investigated. We showed that a significant superoxide production occurred with different molecules known to undergo a single electron reductive pathway of metabolism, both in a homogenate derived from neuronal and glia...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ghersi-Egea JF,Livertoux MH,Minn A,Perrin R,Siest G

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary objective of this study was to determine and characterize surrogate biomarkers that can predict nephrotoxicity induced by mercuric chloride (HgCl₂) using urinary proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectral data. A procedure for (1)H NMR urinalysis using pattern recognition was proposed to evaluate ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kim KB,Um SY,Chung MW,Jung SC,Oh JS,Kim SH,Na HS,Lee BM,Choi KH

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-induced steatohepatitis is a rare form of liver injury known to be caused by only a handful of compounds. These compounds stimulate the development of steatohepatitis through their toxicity to hepatocyte mitochondria; inhibition of beta-oxidation, mitochondrial respiration, and/or oxidative phosphorylation. Other...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Schumacher JD,Guo GL

更新日期：2015-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of age and sex on the elimination of theophylline in New Zealand White rabbits was investigated following exposure to 0.3 ppm of ozone (O3) for 3.75 hr/day over 5 consecutive days. Animals were given air alone 5 to 7 days before and after the 5 days of O3 exposure. The elimination half-life of theophylline ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Canada AT,Calabrese EJ

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dithiocarbamates have a wide spectrum of applications in industry, agriculture and medicine with new applications being actively investigated. One adverse effect of dithiocarbamates is the neurotoxicity observed in humans and experimental animals. Results from previous studies have suggested that dithiocarbamates elev...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Viquez OM,Valentine HL,Amarnath K,Milatovic D,Valentine WM

更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Isolated rat lymphocytes in salts-glucose medium (pH 7.2) were incubated with nickel chloride, nickel acetate, nickel sulfate, and a soluble form of nickel subsulfide (0-2 mM) at 37 degrees C for 2 h. The soluble form of nickel subsulfide induced a significant increase in DNA-protein crosslinks (DPXLs) (111%) beginnin...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Chakrabarti SK,Bai C,Subramanian KS

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, Gray and Ostby (Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 133, 285-294, 1995) reported that in utero and lactational TCDD exposure causes striking abnormalities in the rat female reproductive system, including reduced fecundity and vaginal threads. The mechanism by which TCDD induces such abnormalities is unknown. Thus, we ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Flaws JA,Sommer RJ,Silbergeld EK,Peterson RE,Hirshfield AN

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhalation of dust from hard metal (HM), a mixture of tungsten carbide, cobalt, and other metals, can cause interstitial alveolitis, fibrosis, and asthma in the workplace. Some effects of HM could occur after the metals dissolve in the lung. We examined whether chloride salts of metals in HM alloys can elicit response...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Fedan JS,Cutler D

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular retention of toxic bile salts contributes to hepatocellular injury during cholestasis. We have recently demonstrated that toxic bile salts directly induce apoptosis in hepatocytes. As oxidative stress has been implicated in many models of apoptosis, our aim was to determine if oxidative injury is a criti...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Patel T,Gores GJ

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human bladder cancer has been associated with chronic exposure to arsenic. Chronic exposure of an immortalized non-tumorigenic urothelial cell line (UROtsa cells) to arsenicals has transformed these cells to a malignant phenotype, but the involved mechanisms are not fully understood. Chronic inflammation has been link...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Escudero-Lourdes C,Medeiros MK,Cárdenas-González MC,Wnek SM,Gandolfi JA

更新日期：2010-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the main bioactive component in tea (Camellia sinensis) catechins, and exhibits potential antitumor activity against colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unclear. We investigated the effects of EGCG on activities of CRC cells and the exact mol...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Zhang Z,Zhang S,Yang J,Yi P,Xu P,Yi M,Peng W

更新日期：2020-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulindac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with demonstrated potency as a chemopreventive agent in animal models of carcinogenesis and in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Because tumor promotion is generally associated with exposure to pro-inflammatory stimuli, it is likely that anti-inflammatory a...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Athar M,An KP,Tang X,Morel KD,Kim AL,Kopelovich L,Bickers DR

更新日期：2004-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. It has been previously shown that PMs and synthetic particles (PC10 and PC2) that have similar characteristics to PMs induced depolarizing currents and increases in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) in capsaicin- and acid-...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Agopyan N,Bhatti T,Yu S,Simon SA

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:4-Chlorotetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline is a quinoxaline derivative. We aimed to study the effects of 4-chlorotetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline on activation of mast cells in vitro and in mice. 4-Chlorotetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline reversibly inhibited degranulation of mast cells in a dose-dependent manner, and also suppressed th...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Park KL,Ko NY,Lee JH,Kim DK,Kim HS,Kim AR,Her E,Kim B,Kim HS,Moon EY,Kim YM,Kim HR,Choi WS

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress can lead to expression of inflammatory transcription factors, which are important regulatory elements in the induction of inflammatory responses. One of the transcription factors, nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB) plays a significant role in the inflammation regulatory process. Inflammatory...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lee JE,Park JH,Jang SJ,Koh HC

更新日期：2014-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on the observation that congenic haired and hairless mice differ in the hyperkeratinizing/hyperproliferative epidermal response following topical exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in vivo, it has been proposed that this response in mice segregates with the Ah locus (which controls for the Ah...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Puhvel SM,Sakamoto M

更新日期：1987-06-15 00:00:00