Abstract:
:Results from several laboratories, including ours, have suggested that measurements of radiation-induced DNA strand breaks and DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) may be used to estimate the hypoxic fraction or fractional hypoxic volume of tumors and normal tissues. This suggestion has been predicted on both published and unpublished information that (1) the oxygen dependence of the formation of strand breaks in irradiated mammalian cells is similar to the oxygen dependence of radiation-induced cell killing, and (2) the oxygen dependence of the formation of DPCs in irradiated mammalian cells is the mirror image of the oxygen dependence of radiation-induced cell killing. However, the published studies that attempted to determine the relationship between the oxygen dependence of the formation of strand breaks and the radiation sensitivity of mammalian cells were not performed at 37 degrees C, the exact oxygen concentrations were not always known, and the results were conflicting. In addition, most of the data on the oxygen dependence of the formation of DPCs are unpublished. Consequently, we have undertaken a comprehensive investigation of one cell line, 9L/Ro rat brain tumor cells, to determine if the shape of the oxygen dependence curve and the Km value for radiation-induced strand breaks and DPCs were similar when 9L cells were irradiated under both ideal gas-liquid equilibrium conditions at 4 degrees C and nonideal gas-liquid equilibrium conditions at 37 degrees C. At 4 degrees C under ideal gas-liquid equilibrium conditions, the Km for the formation of strand breaks was approximately 0.0045 mM, and the Km for radiation sensitivity was approximately 0.005 mM. A similar comparison for the formation of DPCs at 4 degrees C could not be made, because the efficiency of the formation of DPCs was much lower at 4 degrees C than at 37 degrees C. At 37 degrees C under nonideal gas-liquid equilibrium conditions, the apparent Km for the formation of strand breaks and radiation sensitivity was approximately 0.032 mM, and the Km for the formation of DPCs was approximately 0.02 mM. The data for strand breaks are in agreement with the published data of Chapman et al. (Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 26, 383-389, 1974), and the data for DPCs are in agreement with the unpublished data of Meyn (personal communication). These results support the suggestion that measurements of radiation-induced strand breaks and/or DPCs may be used to detect hypoxic cells and estimate the hypoxic fraction or fractional hypoxic volume of tumors and normal tissues.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Zhang H,Koch CJ,Wallen CA,Wheeler KTsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-05-01 00:00:00pages
163-8issue
2eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404journal_volume
142pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A new model for the survival of bacteria exposed to ionizing radiation is constructed in the framework of a target theory based on microdosimetric concepts, where single- and double-strand breaks of DNA and their repair in vivo can be described consistently in terms of the microdosimetric quantity j (number of effecti...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of curvature in dose-response relationships figures prominently in radiation biology, encompassing a wide range of interests including radiation protection, radiotherapy and fundamental models of radiation action. In this context, the ability to detect even small amounts of curvature becomes important. Sta...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR14520.1
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::These studies examined the effects of X radiation and interleukin 3 (IL-3), which is an effective cytokine for the generation of megakaryocytopoiesis from X-irradiated hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, on the terminal process of human megakaryocytopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. Mature megakaryocytes were induced by cu...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR1519.1
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior to whole-liver irradiation (0, 15, 25 Gy) rats were not treated, placed on a protein-deficient diet for 2 weeks, administered cyclophosphamide, and/or depleted of intracellular glutathione by injection with buthionine sulfoximide and diethyl maleate. At various times (0 to 84 days) after 0- and 25-Gy liver irrad...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single crystals of the co-crystalline complex of 1-methyluracil and 9-ethyladenine were X-irradiated and studied using EPR, ENDOR and FSE spectroscopic techniques at 10 K. All together seven radicals were identified, and experimental evidence for at least one more species, as well as for a very low population of radic...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of 250-kV X rays on epidermal Langerhans cells were studied in CBA/CaH mice. One group received 20 Gy to the feet, another 8 Gy to the whole body, and a third both the 8 Gy whole-body and a 12 Gy local dose to the feet. Mice from each group and controls were sacrificed at intervals from 1 to 64 days later. ATP...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of 2.45-GHz continuous-wave microwaves (SAR = 130 mW/g) on the expression of the interferon-regulated enzymes 2'-5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) synthetase(s) and 2-5A-dependent endoribonuclease (RNase L) were studied in murine L929 cells. Cells growing as monolayers were removed from the substratum and placed in...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Puskin, J. S. What Can Epidemiology Tell Us about Risks at Low Doses? Radiat. Res. 169, 122-124 (2008). Limitations on statistical power preclude direct detection and quantification of radiogenic cancer risks at very low (environmental) levels of low-LET radiation through epidemiological studies. Given this limitation...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR1187.1
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a known suppressor of fibrosis, in preventing late radiation-induced cardiac pathology. Myocardial functional, histochemical and ultrastructural-morphometric studies were done on perfused hearts of rats isolated...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy using the protein-coding cytochrome b (Mtcyb) gene was assessed in laboratory mice (C57BL/6 and BALB/c) exposed to the Chernobyl environment. Subacute to subchronic (30-40 days) exposure resulted in a cumulative radiation dose of 1.2-1.6 Gy ( approximately 0.04 Gy/day). Mice were sampled...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0458:mdhilm]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three somatic mutation assays were evaluated in men exposed to low-dose, whole-body, ionizing radiation. Blood samples were obtained between 1992 and 1999 from 625 Russian Chernobyl cleanup workers and 182 Russian controls. The assays were chromosome translocations in lymphocytes detected by FISH, hypoxanthine phospho...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0424:tsgbac]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxidation of unconjugated polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linolenic acid proceeds through a free radical chain mechanism and is accompanied by the formation of conjugated dienes such as hydroperoxides. In an investigation of radiation-induced oxidation of aqueous linolenate, we have measured two indexes of pero...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2000)153[0201:eotfod]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Energy deposition clusters in the nanometer scale have been investigated systematically in electron, proton, and alpha-particle tracks. The mean absolute frequency distributions of ionization clusters in nanometer sites have been computed. For locally multiply damaged sites and especially for double-strand breaks, the...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eisenia fetida were exposed continuously to (60)Co gamma radiation during two generations (F(0) and F(1)). Adult F(0) reproduction capacity (i.e., number of cocoons produced, hatchability and number of F(1) hatchlings) in controls and at five dose rates (0.18, 1.7, 4, 11 and 43 mGy/h) was measured over a 13-week expos...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR1012.1
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparatively high exposures to power-frequency electric and magnetic fields produce established biological effects that are explained by accepted mechanisms and that form the basis of exposure guidelines. Lower exposures to magnetic fields (< 1 microT average in the home) are classified as "possibly carcinogenic" on ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/rr3522.1
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulse radiolysis and 60Co gamma radiolysis were used to study the effects of ionizing radiations on the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase. Hydroxyl radicals are considerably more effective than hydrated electrons in causing loss of enzymatic activity. Evidence is also presented that the free radical anions (SCN)-.2,...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The exposure of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was performed in a 10-T static magnetic field. Without lymphocyte stimulation, there were no significant differences in the viability of the exposed and unexposed CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. The expression of Th1 typ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0775:eotsmf]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluating the risk for central nervous system (CNS) effects after whole-body or partial-body irradiation presents challenges due in part to the varied exposure scenarios in the context of occupational, accidental or wartime releases. Risk estimations are further complicated by the fact that robust changes in brain fu...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR15413.1
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate assessment of risks of long-term space missions is critical for human space exploration. It is essential to have a detailed understanding of the biological effects on humans living and working in deep space. Ionizing radiation from galactic cosmic rays (GCR) is a major health risk factor for astronauts on ext...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR15062.1
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metallothionein (MT), the synthesis of which can be induced by metalloelement administration, is a known radical scavenger. This study investigated the possible protective effect of MT against acute radiation injury. Manganese chloride (10 mg of manganese/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to male C3H/He mice 24 h...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ionizing radiations induce mutations which can be detected both in coding sequences (Hprt locus) by measuring the frequency of 6-thioguanine-resistant cells and in minisatellite sequences by DNA fingerprint analysis. We analyzed the effects of irradiation with low-energy protons (31 keV/pm) and, for comparison, with u...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were performed with three different cell lines, mouse fibroblast LM cells, HeLa S3 cells, and Ehrlich Ascites Tumor (EAT) cells, to establish the possible importance of hyperthermic-induced alterations in cellular K+ content in the mechanism of cell killing by heat. At different time points after the hyper...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently available treatments for radiation-induced nausea and vomiting either are ineffective or reduce performance. The new antiemetic and gastrokinetic agent zacopride was tested in rhesus monkeys to assess its behavioral toxicity and its ability to inhibit radiation-induced emesis. Zacopride (intragastric, 0.3 mg...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunocytochemical response to DNA damage induced by low-energy bismuth and carbon ions was investigated in normal human fibroblasts. Inside the nuclei, the traversing charged particles lead to the accumulation of proteins related to DNA lesions and repair along the ion trajectories. Irradiation under a standard g...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0676:biohct]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to determine whether a deficiency for either one of two repair processes influences the phenomenon of enhancement of radiation-induced cell killing by carboplatin which has been reported previously in one cell line (V79) and which is presumably a result of an interaction between these t...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported that a priming dose of 0.3 Gy on gestation day 11 significantly increased the rate of living fetuses and reduced the incidence of congenital malformations caused by exposure to 5 Gy X rays on gestation day 12 in ICR mice. In the present study, postnatal development of the live offspring was inve...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study was to make a comparison between stereotactic brachytherapy implants and linear accelerator-based radiosurgery of brain tumors with respect to physical dose distributions and radiobiological efficacy. Twenty-four treatment plans made for irradiation of brain tumors with low-dose-rate (125)I brac...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR3529.1
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although tissue mast cells are derived from the bone marrow, some descendants of bone marrow-derived precursors retain the ability to proliferate and differentiate into mast cells even after localization in the skin. The purpose of the present study was to determine the D0 values for mast-cell precursors in the bone m...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radiation environment in low-Earth orbit is a complex mixture of galactic cosmic radiation, particles of trapped belts and secondary particles generated in both the spacecraft and Earth's atmosphere. Infrequently, solar energetic particles are injected into the Earth's magnetosphere and can penetrate into low-Eart...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of oxygen-deficient tumor cells is a critical issue in cancer therapy. To identify tumor hypoxia, tissue partial oxygen pressure (pO2) can be measured directly. The OxyLite system allows determination of pO2 in tumors and permits continuous measurements of pO2 at a fixed point. In this study, this system ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR3602.1
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00