A quantitative theory of acute tolerance to alcohol.

abstract：:The effects of drugs on one aspect of impulsive behaviour were evaluated using a schedule in which rats were trained to complete a fixed consecutive number of responses on one of two levers before pressing the second to obtain a reinforcer (FCN). Terminating the chain before completing the FCN resulted in the omission...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Evenden JL

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-one depressed patients participated in a study that assessed the predictability of amitriptyline (AT) dosage based on plasma drug concentrations after a single dose. In 11 patients maintained on a fixed dose regimen, the 18-h single-dose level was confirmed to be predictive of steady-state levels. The dose for ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Madakasira S,Khazanie PG,Sato TL

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simple new method, the "tape test" has been developed for studying the enhancement of learning by drugs in "learning-dull" rats. A piece of adhesive tape is pressed on the left front pad of the rats. The time of tape removal by the animal, i.e., the problem-solving time is measured. In our experiments the selected l...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Ezer E,Szporny L

更新日期：1976-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Receptor mechanisms underlying the behavioral effects of clinically used nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists have not been fully established. OBJECTIVE:Drug discrimination was used to compare receptor mechanisms underlying the effects of smoking cessation aids. METHODS:Separate groups of male C57BL/6J...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cunningham CS,McMahon LR

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of an "aggression"-reducing drug, fluprazine, and an "aggression"-enhancing drug, ethanol, were evaluated in mice using the target biting and resident-intruder paradigms. Under baseline conditions there was a high target biting rate immediately after the delivery of a 2.0 mA tail shock, an intermediate tar...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Wagner GC,Carelli RM

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:One third of US smokers are intermittent smokers (ITS) who do not smoke daily. Unlike daily smokers (DS), whose smoking is negatively reinforced by withdrawal relief, ITS may be motivated by immediate positive reinforcement. In contrast, incentive salience theory posits hypothesis that "liking" of drug effect...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Shiffman S,Terhorst L

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that tolerance to the hypothermic effect of ethanol fails to develop if rats are denied the unconditional stimulus represented by hypothermia. In both experiments, rats were injected with either ethanol (1.9 or 2.5 g/kg) or saline and given microwave hyperthermia (...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hjeresen DL,Reed DR,Woods SC

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists, which block both the mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptors, have been shown to have anxiolytic effects in the lick suppression test in rats. OBJECTIVE:The anxiolytic potential of the selective mGlu1 antagonist 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrano[2,3]beta-quinolin-7-yl)(cis-4-methox...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Steckler T,Lavreysen H,Oliveira AM,Aerts N,Van Craenendonck H,Prickaerts J,Megens A,Lesage AS

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phencyclidine (PCP; 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg) potentiated the effects of rewarding hypothalamic brain stimulation, causing parallel leftward shifts of the functions that relate rate of responding to stimulation frequency. Thus, like a number of other drugs of abuse, PCP lowered the "dose" of stimulation required to maintain r...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Carlezon WA Jr,Wise RA

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have demonstrated a paradoxical form of antinociception induced by the repeated administration of opioid antagonists accompanied by exposure to a painful stimulus. The underlying mechanism of this naloxone-induced antinociception (NIA) is still unknown, but the results of several studies suggest that i...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Walker MJ,Poulos CX,Le AD

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It was the aim of the present study to determine the affinities of four neuroleptics and five antidepressants for histamine H3 receptors. In rat brain cortex membranes, the specifically bound [3H]-N alpha-methylhistamine was monophasically displaced by clozapine (pKi 6.15). The other drugs did not completely displace ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kathmann M,Schlicker E,Göthert M

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE:Despite the popularity of polysubstance abuse among recreational methylendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) users, relatively few controlled experimental studies have documented the neurobehavioral effects of MDMA in combination with other abused substances. OBJECTIVE:In this study, the combined acut...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Panos JJ,Baker LE

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Adolescence marks a period of increased vulnerability to the development of substance use disorders. High sweet preference is a genetically mediated behavioral trait that also predicts vulnerability to substances of abuse. Previous research has shown that while adolescent rats selectively bred for high (HiS) ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Holtz NA,Carroll ME

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurochemical specificity of physiological, biochemical, and psychological responses to dextroamphetamine was tested by pretreating volunteers with haloperidol (0.014 mg/kg IM), propranolol (0.1 mg/kg IV), thymoxamine (0.1 mg/kg IV), or placebo prior to 0.3 mg/kg IV amphetamine. Healthy volunteers (N = 12) partici...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Nurnberger JI Jr,Simmons-Alling S,Kessler L,Jimerson S,Schreiber J,Hollander E,Tamminga CA,Nadi NS,Goldstein DS,Gershon ES

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A combined analysis of data from 11 controlled studies of loxapine versus either chlorpromazine or trifluoperazine in acute schizophrenia (5 studies) and chronic schizophrenia (6 studies) showed statistically significant superiority of loxapine on several items and factors of standardized psychiatric rating scales. Up...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bishop MP,Simpson GM,Dunnett CW,Kiltie H

更新日期：1977-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Many of the biochemical, physiological, and behavioral effects of ethanol are known to be mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors. Emerging evidence implicates metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in the biobehavioral effects of ethanol and other drugs of abuse, but there is little information regardi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hodge CW,Miles MF,Sharko AC,Stevenson RA,Hillmann JR,Lepoutre V,Besheer J,Schroeder JP

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Alcohol-associated cues elicit craving in human addicts but little is known about craving mechanisms. Current animal models focus on relapse and this may confound the effect of environmental cues. OBJECTIVES. To develop a model to study the effects of environmental cues on alcohol consumption in animals not e...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Pickering C,Liljequist S

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nicotine (6 mg/kg/day) was administered subcutaneously via Alzet osmotic pumps to rats for 28 days. Nociception was measured by the hot-plate and tail-flick methods. A significant antinociceptive effect was demonstrated during the first week of the treatment; after that tolerance developed, lasting for the remaining p...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Yang CY,Wu WH,Zbuzek VK

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined whether any locus postsynaptic to the GABAergic striatonigral projection might be involved in the enhancement of behavioral response to dopaminergic stimulants induced by chronic treatment with either neuroleptic drugs or stimulants. Rats exposed chronically to either chlorpromazine or cocaine were tested ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bachus SE,Gale K

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Consistent sex differences are observed in human drug addiction, with females often exceeding males on drug intake. However, there is still a need for animal models for some aspects of addiction such as acquisition of drug self-administration and the subsequent development of drug-seeking. OBJECTIVES:The pre...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Swalve N,Smethells JR,Carroll ME

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Results from clinical studies have shown that topiramate effectively reduces alcohol consumption in a population of heavy-drinking alcohol-dependent humans. OBJECTIVES:We undertook this preclinical study in order to establish topiramate's efficacy in a rodent model and to determine whether topiramate's effic...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Breslin FJ,Johnson BA,Lynch WJ

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serotonin receptors of the 5HT2 type were labeled on platelet membranes using tritiated ketanserin. Blood was collected from the umbilical cord of newborns and venous samples were collected from 6-year-old children as well as junior-high and high school students (ages 13 through 18) to determine age-related changes in...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Biegon A,Greuner N

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systemic administration of RB 101, a complete inhibitor of the enkephalin degrading enzymes, has been reported to induce naltrindole-reversed antidepressant-like effects in the conditioned suppression of motility (CSM) test in mice. The selective CCKB antagonist L-365,260 also elicits the same naltrindole-blocked resp...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Smadja C,Maldonado R,Turcaud S,Fournie-Zaluski MC,Roques BP

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Limited access nicotine self-administration decreases hippocampal neurogenesis, providing a mechanism for the deleterious effects of nicotine on hippocampal neuronal plasticity. However, recent studies have shown that limited access nicotine self-administration does not exhibit key features of nicotine depend...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cohen A,Soleiman MT,Talia R,Koob GF,George O,Mandyam CD

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The release of serotonin (5-HT) at serotonergic nerve terminals is regulated by 5-HT(1B) autoreceptors. Several studies have reported that the effects of selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on extracellular 5-HT are augmented by 5-HT(1B) receptor antagonists, whereas administration of these antagonists alone do...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： de Groote L,Klompmakers AA,Olivier B,Westenberg HG

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated the effects of two central nicotinic-cholinergic receptor agonists and an antagonist on performance accuracy of a rat, delayed stimulus discrimination task (DSDT). Rats were trained to discriminate between an auditory and visual stimulus by pressing a right or left lever. To diminish the rat's abi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Terry AV Jr,Buccafusco JJ,Jackson WJ,Zagrodnik S,Evans-Martin FF,Decker MW

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Latent inhibition (LI) is a phenomenon in which repeated, non-reinforced presentation of a stimulus retards subsequent conditioning to that stimulus. Several recent experiments have suggested that LI is abolished following acute, low doses of amphetamine given during pre-exposure and conditioning, and this effect has ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Killcross AS,Robbins TW

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Each year, over 300,000 individuals in the USA enter treatment for cannabis use disorder (CUD). The development of effective pharmacotherapy for CUD is a priority. OBJECTIVE:This placebo-controlled study examined the effects of zolpidem alone and in combination with nabilone on cannabis withdrawal and a labo...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Herrmann ES,Cooper ZD,Bedi G,Ramesh D,Reed SC,Comer SD,Foltin RW,Haney M

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preclinical studies suggest that acoustic startle amplitude is increased during ethanol withdrawal. The current study evaluated the effects of intravenous infusion of the alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist, yohimbine (0.4 mg/kg), the serotonin partial agonist m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP, 0.1 mg/kg), and placebo administ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Krystal JH,Webb E,Grillon C,Cooney N,Casal L,Morgan CA 3rd,Southwick SM,Davis M,Charney DS

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Hypericum perforatum L., known as St. John's wort (SJW), is used as a phytotherapeutic agent for the treatment of mild to moderate forms of depression. OBJECTIVES:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of SJW extract (STW 3-VI; 250 and 500 mg/kg; p.o.) and fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, p.o.) on gene...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Jungke P,Ostrow G,Li JL,Norton S,Nieber K,Kelber O,Butterweck V

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00