Abstract：
:Previous work by our group and others has shown the modulation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) promoter or long terminal repeat (LTR) after exposure to neutrons and ultraviolet radiations. Using HeLa cells stably transfected with a construct containing the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene, the transcription of which is mediated by the HIV-LTR, we designed experiments to examine the effects of exposure to different types of radiation (such as gamma rays, ultraviolet and sunlight irradiations, electromagnetic fields and microwaves) on HIV-LTR-driven expression of CAT. These results demonstrated ultraviolet-light-induced transcription from the HIV promoter, as has been shown by others. Exposure to other DNA-damaging agents such as gamma rays and sunlight (with limited exposures) had no significant effect on transcription mediated by HIV-LTR, suggesting that induction of HIV is not mediated by just any type of DNA damage but rather may require specific types of DNA damage. Microwaves did not cause cell killing when cells in culture were exposed in high volumes of medium, and the same cells showed no changes in expression. When microwave exposure was carried out in low volumes of medium (so that excessive heat was generated) induction of HIV-LTR transcription (as assayed by CAT activity) was evident. Electromagnetic field exposures had no effect on expression of HIV-LTR. These results demonstrate that not all types of radiation and not all DNA-damaging agents are capable of inducing HIV. We hypothesize that induction of HIV transcription may be mediated by several different signals after exposure to radiation.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Libertin CR,Panozzo J,Groh KR,Chang-Liu CM,Schreck S,Woloschak GEsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-10-01 00:00:00pages
91-6issue
1eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404journal_volume
140pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The interaction function gamma(chi), which was introduced in the theory of dual radiation action as the probability that two energy transfers separated by distance chi combine with each other to produce a lesion, was estimated with sparsely ionizing radiation (60Co gamma rays and 40 kV X rays). Gamma(chi) was deduced ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We measured the production of reactive hydroxyl radical (OH.) by Fe2+ itself or complexed with nucleotide triphosphates or tripolyphosphate (TPP). Coumarin-3-carboxylic acid (3-CCA) reacts with the OH. produced by Fe2+, Fe3+ or Cu2+ plus ascorbate and with various iron complexes. We measured in real time the increased...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The survival of synchronous G1 or asynchronous Chinese hamster ovary cells in vitro to heat treatment may depend on the cellular population density at the time of heating and/or as the cells are cultured after heating. The addition of lethally irradiated feeder cells may increase survival at 10(-3) by as much as 10- t...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human peripheral blood samples collected from three healthy human volunteers were exposed in vitro to pulsed-wave 2450 MHz radiofrequency (RF) radiation for 2 h. The RF radiation was generated with a net forward power of 21 W and transmitted from a standard gain rectangular antenna horn in a vertically downward direct...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2000)153[0479:pddihb]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These assessment of the consequences of irradiation on chromatin is complicated by endogenous nucleases. Isolation and prolonged storage of rat liver nuclei in buffers containing divalent metal ions activates these enzymes and promotes the degradation of chromatin. Irradiation of rat liver nuclei to dose levels of 20,...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperthermia sensitization or tolerance is subject to cellular events that may occur at membrane, nuclear, and cytoplasmic sites. We have studied the effects of elevated temperatures on the oxidative-reductive state of the cell by measuring and altering glutathione (GSH) concentrations. GSH plays a pivotal role in mai...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Low doses of ionizing radiation to cells and animals may induce adaptive responses that reduce the risk of cancer. However, there are upper dose thresholds above which these protective adaptive responses do not occur. We have now tested the hypothesis that there are similar lower dose thresholds that must be exceeded ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1414.1
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The exposure of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was performed in a 10-T static magnetic field. Without lymphocyte stimulation, there were no significant differences in the viability of the exposed and unexposed CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. The expression of Th1 typ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0775:eotsmf]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three somatic mutation assays were evaluated in men exposed to low-dose, whole-body, ionizing radiation. Blood samples were obtained between 1992 and 1999 from 625 Russian Chernobyl cleanup workers and 182 Russian controls. The assays were chromosome translocations in lymphocytes detected by FISH, hypoxanthine phospho...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0424:tsgbac]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy using the protein-coding cytochrome b (Mtcyb) gene was assessed in laboratory mice (C57BL/6 and BALB/c) exposed to the Chernobyl environment. Subacute to subchronic (30-40 days) exposure resulted in a cumulative radiation dose of 1.2-1.6 Gy ( approximately 0.04 Gy/day). Mice were sampled...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0458:mdhilm]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most plutonium-induced bone tumors in beagles arise in trabecular bone sites surrounded by hematopoietic tissue. The microvasculature and the relative incorporation of 241Pu (a low energy beta emitter) on trabecular bone surfaces from red and fatty marrow sites were studied in the adult beagle. The vascular volume, as...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The linear no-threshold extrapolation from a dose-response relationship for ionizing radiation derived at higher doses to doses for which regulatory standards are proposed is being challenged by some scientists and defended by others. It appears that the risks associated with exposures to doses of interest are below t...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type：
doi：
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently reported that daily dietary supplementation with 100 µg selenium (a dose exceeding a rat's nutritional requirement by about 33-fold) initiated immediately after total-body irradiation (TBI) and maintained for 21 weeks mitigates radiation nephropathy in a rat model as indicated by blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr2456.1
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1-(2-Fluoro-4-iodo-2,4-dideoxy-beta-L-xylopyranosyl)-2-nitroimidazole (FIAZP) has been synthesized and labeled with radioiodine (125I). Radioiodinated FIAZP is one of a series of sugar-coupled 2-nitroimidazoles developed in our laboratory as probes for noninvasive scintigraphic assessment of tumor hypoxia. An in vivo ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The monohydroxylated fatty acid content of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 23 cleanup workers and 16 unexposed individuals was studied in relation to their immune status after the Chernobyl accident. Men with absorbed doses below 0.32 Gy showed higher levels of free and esterified 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic ac...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0476:mfacip]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extension of previous investigations at this laboratory regarding life shortening and tumor induction in the mouse has provided more complete dose-response information in the low dose region of X rays and neutrons. A complete observation of survival and late pathology has been carried out on over 2000 BC3F1 female mic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chinese hamster ovary cells were irradiated with 250 kVp X rays and analyzed for the presence of DNA double-strand breaks using either polycarbonate filter elution or pulsed-field agarose gel electrophoresis at neutral pH. Reduction in DNA length detected by filter elution was produced as a nonlinear function of incre...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Very low doses of ionizing radiation, 5 to 100 mGy, can induce adaptive responses characterized by elevation in cell survival and reduction in micronuclei formation. Utilizing these end points, RKO human colon carcinoma and transformed mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF), wild-type or knockout cells missing TNF receptors 1...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR3126.2
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neon beam at 250 MeV/nucleon from the Bevalac at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory is bombarded in nuclear emulsion. The experimental interaction cross section of the neon beam in emulsion is 1078 +/- 35 mb, in agreement with the calculations from the modified Bradt and Peters formula. The secondary fragments were ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The non-human primate has been a useful model for studies of human acute radiation syndrome (ARS). However, to date structural changes in various parts of the intestine after total body irradiation (TBI) have not been systematically studied in this model. Here we report on our current study of TBI-induced intestinal s...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14191.1
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the cognitive and behavioral consequences of brain exposures to low-dose ionizing radiation has broad relevance for health risks from medical radiation diagnostic procedures, radiotherapy and environmental nuclear contamination as well as for Earth-orbit and space missions. Analyses of transcriptome prof...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1389.1
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of reoxygenation on repair of potentially lethal radiation damage were investigated using MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells in vitro. When exponentially growing MG-63 cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions for 24 h, cells stopped growing and remained at a low density. The hypoxic cells were then reoxyge...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tritium that is bound to organic molecules is of special risk for living systems, in particular when such molecules are components of the cell nucleus. Therefore, [3H]thymidine and [3H]arginine were studied for radiotoxicity in early mammalian embryo development. Starting with the two-cell stage, mouse embryos were in...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of acute exposure to ultrawideband (UWB) electromagnetic radiation on the Primate Equilibrium Platform (PEP) task, where the monkey's task is to manipulate a joystick control to compensate for the random perturbations in the pitch plane that are generated by a computer at unpredictable intervals, was examin...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of ionizing radiation (137Cs) on processing and transport of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was studied by pulse-labeling HeLa S3 cells with [3H]uridine immediately prior to irradiation. This approach permits kinetic analysis of processing of 45 S rRNA (radiolabeled predominantly prior to irradiation) into its 28 S a...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Currently available treatments for radiation-induced nausea and vomiting either are ineffective or reduce performance. The new antiemetic and gastrokinetic agent zacopride was tested in rhesus monkeys to assess its behavioral toxicity and its ability to inhibit radiation-induced emesis. Zacopride (intragastric, 0.3 mg...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An analysis was conducted of 27,982 deaths among 106,020 persons employed at four Federal nuclear plants in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, between 1943 and 1985. The main objectives were to extend the evaluation of the health effects of employment in the nuclear industry in Oak Ridge to include most workers who were omitted fr...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of ionizing radiation, with or without the anti-angiogenic agent anginex (Ax), on multiple myeloma growth were tested in a SCID-rab mouse model. Mice carrying human multiple myeloma cell-containing pre-implanted bone grafts were treated weekly with various regimens for 8 weeks. Rapid multiple myeloma growt...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1734.1
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a need for minimally invasive biomarkers that can accurately and quickly quantify radiation exposure. Radiation-responsive proteins have applications in clinical medicine and for mass population screenings after a nuclear or radiological incident where the level of radiation exposure and exposure pattern comp...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR13927.1
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The risk of a radiological or nuclear public health emergency is a major growing concern of the U.S. government. To address a potential incident and ensure that the government is prepared to respond to any subsequent civilian or military casualties, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Department o...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15137.1
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
