[Vitamin D intake in a representative sample of Spanish population aged 7-16 years. Differences in the contribution and in the food sources of the vitamin according to age].

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Vitamin D can play an important role in maintaining bone health and in the prevention of some diseases. Few foods are a natural source of vitamin D and these are not normally consumed, being the most common oily fish and yolk. AIM:To analyze the intake and sources of vitamin D in schoolchildren aged 7-16 years. METHODS:A representative sample of the Spanish population aged 7-16 years (n = 1,976) selected from ten Spanish provinces was studied. Dietary data were obtained by using a 3-day food record. The body weight and height were measured. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:Mean vitamin D intake (1.63 (0.96-3.35) μg/day) was lower than the recommended intake (RI) in 85.4% of study participants and it was influenced by age (OR = 0.935; IC: 0.889-0.983; p < 0.01). The main sources of vitamin D were eggs (27.7%), followed by cereals (25.8%), fish (20.9%) and dairy products (12.7%). Additionally, it has been found that vitamin D RI can be adequately covered the greater the consumption of fish is (r = 0.734; p < 0.001). Thereby, an increase of one fish serving decreased a 72.5% the odds of not covering vitamin D RI. CONCLUSIONS:Vitamin D intake is lower than the recommended intake in a high percentage of the participants. Having into account that the contribution of vitamin D is mainly determined by fish, an increase in the consumption of this food group would be desirable. Young children merit special attention. :Introducción: La vitamina D juega un importante papel en el mantenimiento de la salud ósea y prevención de la aparición de diversas enfermedades. Muy pocos alimentos son fuente natural de esta vitamina y, además, éstos no se consumen de manera habitual, siendo las fuentes dietéticas más importantes el pescado azul y la yema del huevo. Objetivos: Analizar la ingesta y las fuentes de vitamina D en escolares de 7-16 años. Métodos: Se estudió una muestra representativa de la población española de 7 a 16 años (n = 1.976), seleccionada en diez provincias españolas. El estudio dietético se realizó por registro del consumo de alimentos durante 3 días. Los parámetros antropométricos estudiados fueron el peso y la talla. Resultados y discusión: La ingesta media de vitamina D (1,63 (0,96-3,35) μg/día) fue inferior a la recomendada (IR) en un 85,4% de los estudiados, estando influenciada por la edad (OR = 0,935; IC: 0,889-0,983; p < 0,01). La principal fuente de vitamina D fueron los huevos (27,7%) seguidos de cereales (25,8%), pescados (20,9%) y lácteos (12,7%). Además, se ha observado que es más fácil cubrir las ingestas recomendadas de vitamina D cuanto mayor es el consumo de pescado (r = 0,734; p < 0,001), y que por cada ración que aumenta el consumo de este grupo de alimentos el riesgo de no cubrir las IR de vitamina D disminuye un 72,5%. Conclusiones: La ingesta de vitamina D es inferior a la recomendada en un elevado porcentaje de los estudiados. Teniendo en cuenta que los pescados juegan un importante papel en el aporte de vitamina D de los niños y adolescentes españoles, aumentar el consumo de este grupo de alimentos resulta deseable. Los niños de menor edad merecen atención especial.

journal_name

Nutr Hosp

journal_title

Nutricion hospitalaria

authors

Aparicio Vizuete A,López-Sobaler AM,López Plaza B,Perea Sánchez JM,Ortega Anta RM

doi

10.3305/nh.2013.28.5.6506

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-09-01 00:00:00

pages

1657-65

issue

5

eissn

0212-1611

issn

1699-5198

journal_volume

28

pub_type

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