Abstract:
:1. The effects of acute and chronic labyrinthectomies on Fos-defined neuronal activity induced by rotation were determined with the use of quantitative image analysis procedures. Unilateral sodium arsanilate labyrinthectomies (UL) were performed either 24 h (acute) or 2 wk (chronic) before exposure to a 90 min, 2-G centripetal acceleration along the interaural axis that stimulated the intact otolith organs. The results obtained from both acute and chronic UL animals subjected to centripetal acceleration were compared with data obtained from nonrotated UL animals and fully intact, normal animals exposed to centripetal acceleration. Such comparisons allowed the definition of functional projections from the otolith organs of one labyrinth to vestibular related and inferior olivary brain stem nuclei in the rat. 2. The effect of the labyrinthectomy on nonrotated animals was first assessed. After acute UL, asymmetric Fos expression was present in the medial and inferior vestibular nuclei, the prepositus hypoglossi (bilaterally), the ipsilateral (with respect to the side of UL) dorsolateral periaqueductal gray, and the contralateral inferior olivary beta subnucleus, as previously described (Kaufman et al., 1992b). Except for minimal labeling in the contralateral prepositus hypoglossi and the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray, the Fos labeling that was present in the brain stem of acute UL animals was absent in chronic UL animals. Thus Fos neuronal activity appears to define a pattern of brain stem activation associated with the initial events that underlie vestibular compensation. 3. In acute UL rats, which were rotated, the contralateral beta subnucleus of the inferior olive had greater labeling (compared with nonrotated UL animals) when the lesion was away from the axis of rotation. In contrast, the ipsilateral beta subnucleus labeled when the lesion was towards the axis of rotation. Fos expression was observed bilaterally in the prepositus hypoglossi when the lesioned side was oriented toward the axis of rotation but was observed only in the contralateral prepositus nucleus when the lesioned side was oriented away from the axis of rotation. Finally, the dorsomedial cell column of the inferior olive (DMCC) was heavily labeled when the lesioned side was oriented towards the axis of rotation but was unlabeled when the lesioned side was oriented away from the axis of rotation. In acute UL nonrotated animals the DMCC was only lightly labeled. All other brain stem nuclear labeling was similar between the acute UL rotated and nonrotated animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Kaufman GD,Anderson JH,Beitz AJdoi
10.1152/jn.1993.70.1.117subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-07-01 00:00:00pages
117-27issue
1eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1. "Unmasking" of weak synaptic connections has been suggested as a mechanism for the early changes in cortical topographic maps that follow alterations of sensory activity. For such a mechanism to operate, convergent sensory inputs must already exist in the normal cortex. 2. We tested for topographic and cross-modali...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1991.66.3.688
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have demonstrated that motor adaptations to a novel task environment can be transferred between limbs. Such interlimb transfer of motor commands is consistent with the notion of centrally driven strategies that can be generalized across different frames of reference. So far, studies of interlimb transf...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00670.2011
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Patch-clamp methods were used to study recombinant glutamate receptor (GluR) ion channels expressed in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293) after transfection of the cells with cDNAs encoding kainate (KA)-type GluR subunits. Cells were transiently or stably transfected with the fully edited (R) version of GluR6 o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.1.510
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whereas the activation of Gαi/o-coupled receptors commonly results in postsynaptic responses that show acute desensitization, the presynaptic inhibition of transmitter release caused by many Gαi/o-coupled receptors is maintained during agonist exposure. However, an exception has been noted where GABAB receptor (GABABR...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00535.2015
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The general objectives of our research, presented in this series of papers, were to develop a computational model of the brain stem respiratory neural network and to explore possible neural mechanisms that provide the genesis of respiratory oscillations and the specific firing patterns of respiratory neurons. The pres...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.4.1994
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The physiological properties of cells in the superior olivary complex (SOC) were studied in 400-microns brain slices taken through the mouse auditory brain stem. Coronal sections were prepared from fresh brain tissue and were placed fully submerged in an oxygenated saline solution. The boundaries of the medial nucl...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1991.65.2.230
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the specificity of fusimotor (gamma) drive during locomotion, gamma-efferents were recorded from the flexor digitorum longus (FDL) and flexor hallucis longus (FHL) nerves in a decerebrate cat preparation. These nerves innervate hindlimb muscles that differ in some aspects of their mechanical action. For...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00917.2000
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The spatial and temporal response characteristics of direction-selective neurons in the nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic system (NOT-DTN) of the wallaby were established using moving sinusoidal gratings. This is the first comprehensive investigation of the spatiotemporal...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.72.6.2927
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence suggests that changes in sodium channel expression and localization may be involved in some pathological pain syndromes. SNS, a tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) sodium channel, is preferentially expressed in small dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, many of which are nociceptive. TTX-R sodium currents an...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.2.803
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane retrieval following exocytosis in synaptic terminals is fast and compensatory, however, little is known about the factors that regulate or contribute to this special form of endocytosis. We used whole-terminal capacitance measurements to examine the effect of hydrostatic pressure on compensatory endocytosis i...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00267.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The R6/2 mouse is the most frequently used model for experimental and preclinical drug trials in Huntington's disease (HD). When the R6/2 mouse was first developed, it carried exon 1 of the huntingtin gene with ~150 cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) repeats. The model presented with a rapid and aggressive phenotype that ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00762.2011
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies of visual processing in humans using event-related potentials (ERPs) have demonstrated that task-related modulations of an early component called the "N1" wave (140-200 ms) reflect the operation of a voluntary discrimination process. Specifically, this component is larger in tasks requiring target dis...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.88.4.2088
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Antidromic stimulation of the visual radiation of cats has been used to investigate the possibility that some of the activity in principal geniculate cells following an optic tract stimulus is antidromic. Single spikes were selected from two classes of poststimulus activity to condition the antidromic test spike--t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1977.40.1.9
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An important question in neuroscience is whether and how temporal patterns and fluctuations in neuronal spike trains contribute to information processing in the cortex. We have addressed this issue in the memory-related circuits of the prefrontal cortex by analyzing spike trains from a database of 229 neurons recorded...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00949.2002
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinal ganglion cells (RGC) transmit visual signals to thalamocortical relay neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus via retinogeniculate synapses. Relay neuron spike patterns do not simply reflect those of RGCs, but the mechanisms controlling this transformation are not well understood. We therefore examined synap...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00562.2003
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we present further evidence supporting the reciprocal nature of output effects on forearm flexor and extensor muscles from single corticomotoneuronal (CM) cells. Spike-triggered averaging of rectified EMG activity was used to test the output effects of 105 motor cortex cells in two rhesus monkeys (Macaca...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.53.4.959
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The orthodromic synaptic responses, membrane properties, and responses of dentate gyrus granule cells (DGCs) to several convulsant agents were studied in the in vitro hippocampal slice preparation. Orthodromic stimulation via the perforant pathway (PP) evoked excitatory-inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP-IPSP) s...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1984.51.2.195
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of L-glutamate on muscle fibers of the anterior aorta of the marine gastropod Aplysia are characterized. Iontophoretically applied L-glutamate depolarized anterior aorta muscle fibers in 14% of the applications; no response was detected in the other applications. Responses to iontophoretically applied L-glu...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1984.51.2.375
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dendritic tree of layer 5 (L5) pyramidal neurons spans the neocortical layers, allowing the integration of intra- and extracortical synaptic inputs. Here we investigate the postnatal development of the integrative properties of rat L5 pyramidal neurons using simultaneous whole cell recording from the soma and dist...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00083.2009
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gain modulation is a ubiquitous phenomenon in cortical neurons, providing flexibility to operate under changing conditions. The prevailing view is that this modulation reflects a change in the relationship between mean input and output firing rate brought about by variation in neuronal membrane characteristics. An alt...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00542.2005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dye Procion brown was used to identify in the light and electron microscope, synaptic contacts made between monosynaptically coupled neurons in the lamprey spinal cord whose synaptic interaction had been recorded. Synaptic contacts were made on different dendrites of the postsynaptic cell at different distances fr...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1976.39.2.197
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Event-related potentials (ERPs) have provided crucial data concerning the time course of psychological processes, but the neural mechanisms producing ERP components remain poorly understood. This study continues a program of research in which we investigated the neural basis of attention-related ERP components by simu...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00549.2012
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well recognized that the brain uses sensory information to accurately produce motor commands. Indeed, most research into the relationship between sensory and motor systems has focused on how sensory information modulates motor function. In contrast, recent studies have begun to investigate the reverse: how senso...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1152/jn.00949.2010
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Limb movement-related neurons in the cerebellar nuclei (CN) typically produce bursts of discharge in association with movement. Consequently, given the inhibitory nature of the Purkinje cell (PC) projection to CN, it is puzzling that only a minority of movement-related PCs pause; the majority burst. Some of the moveme...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00603.2004
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vision in natural situations is different from the paradigms generally used to study vision in the laboratory. In natural vision, stimuli usually appear in a receptive field as the result of saccadic eye movements rather than suddenly flashing into view. The stimuli themselves are rich with meaningful and recognizable...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00733.2011
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low-voltage-activated Ca(2+) currents (LVA-I(Ca)) are believed to perform several roles in neurons such as lowering the threshold for action potentials, promoting burst firing and oscillatory behavior, and enhancing synaptic excitation. They also may allow rapid increases in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. We disc...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.2.746
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) mGluR1 and mGluR5 are often found to have similar functions, there is considerable evidence that the two receptors also serve distinct functions in neurons. In hippocampal area CA1, mGluR5 has been most strongly implicated in long-term synaptic depression (LTD), where...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00383.2005
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An acute experimental arthritis was induced in the right knee joint of adult cats anesthetized with chloralose, and the activity of single fine afferent units of the medial articular nerve was recorded from filaments of the saphenous nerve. All units included in this study were sensitive to local mechanical probing of...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.54.5.1109
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The small cardioactive peptides (SCPs) are potent modulatory neuropeptides in Aplysia. Buccal ganglia neurons B1 and B2 are the largest neurons that exhibit SCP-like immunoreactivity. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-bioassay and in vivo radiolabeling procedures confirm that these neurons contain and synt...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1988.59.5.1613
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary motor cortex has been studied for more than a century, yet a consensus on its functional contribution to movement control is still out of reach. In particular, there remains controversy as to the level of control produced by motor cortex ("low-level" movement dynamics vs. "high-level" movement kinematics) and ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1152/jn.00795.2016
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00