Captan metabolism in humans yields two biomarkers, tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) and thiazolidine-2-thione-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) in urine.

abstract：:Understanding the mechanism behind neuronal regeneration is critical for treating ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury. The presence of neural stem cells in and around the sub-ventricular zone of human and also in zebrafish is evidenced. In this current study, the neuro-protective potential of nano-formulated he...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Paramita P,Sethu SN,Subhapradha N,Ragavan V,Ilangovan R,Balakrishnan A,Srinivasan N,Murugesan R,Moorthi A

更新日期：2020-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Methyl 2,2-difluoromalonyl fluoride (MMF) is highly toxic by inhalation producing mortality in rats exposed for 4 hours to 0.55 mg/L. Repeated inhalation exposures of rats to 0.009 mg/L produced irritation but no other signs of a toxic response. Mortality was encountered following repeated exposures to 0.066 mg/L. ...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Kennedy GL Jr,Burgess BA,Chen HC

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of etephon and maleic hydrazide, used as plant growth regulators in agriculture, were reported as low in mammals in previous studies. However, in vitro cytotoxicity studies in mammalian cells are currently missing to understand their toxicity at molecular level. In the current study, the cytotoxicity of t...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Yurdakok B,Baydan E,Okur H,Gurcan IS

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The venoms of wasps are a complex mixture of biologically active compounds, such as low molecular mass compounds, peptides, and proteins. The aim of the study was to evaluate the action of wasp venoms, Polybia occidentalis and Polybia fastidiosa, on the DNA of human leukocytes and on the cell cycle and genetic materia...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： José Palmieri M,Ribeiro Barroso A,Fonseca Andrade-Vieira L,Monteiro MC,Martins Soares A,Souza Cesar PH,Aparecida Braga M,Cardoso Trento MV,Marcussi S,Chamma Davide L

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dual inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism prevent cancer development and induce apoptosis. One of the most promising compounds that blocks both of these pathways is licofelone. We questioned whether licofelone affects the survival and/or promotes apoptosis o...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Kabadere S,Kus G,Uyar R,Oztopcu-Vatan P

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genotoxicity of nimesulide (NM) was evaluated by employing bone marrow (BM) chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronucleus assays in Swiss albino mice. For BM CA assay, mice of either sex were treated orally with 1.5, 2.5 and 5 mg body weight solution of NM in 0.2 mL of 0.05% CMC (carboxy methyl cellulose) daily for 4, ...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Tripathi R,Tripathi P,Pancholi SS,Patel CN

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Withania somnifera (L) Dunal (Solanaceae) is an important traditional herbal medicine used for thousands of years and is considered as the Indian ginseng. Reports on the effect of Withania somnifera root (WSR) extract on the developing foetus of pregnant rats including mortality, structural abnormalities, chang...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Prabu PC,Panchapakesan S

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Diplazium esculentum, a commonly consumed seasonal vegetable, has been reported to have some pathological effects in some animals. But, its effect on the male reproductive function has not yet been studied. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of boiled D. esculentum (BDE), the form which human consumes, on ma...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Roy S,Chaudhuri TK

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence suggests that the effect of heavy metals on neuroimmune cells lead to neurogenic inflammatory responses. In this study, immune cells [mast cells (MCs) and microglia] and pro-neuroinflammation cytokines (interleukin-1b and tumor necrosis factor-α) were assessed in the prefrontal lobe of rat brains exposed to t...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Afsordeh K,Sadeghi Y,Amini A,Namvarpour Z,Abdollahifar MA,Abbaszadeh HA,Aliaghaei A

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In May 1993, Administrative Browner of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) announced that an indirect exposure health risk assessment was required for all hazardous waste combustion facilities seeking a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act permit. These types of risk assessments evaluate the health and ...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Gaborek BJ

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eight antineoplastic drugs were evaluated for their ability to induce mutation in the Ames Salmonella/microsome and the TK+/- mouse lymphoma assay. Dose response data were utilized to determine the relative potency of each of these drugs. They were then ranked based on this information. Vincristine, the most potent co...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Matheson D,Brusick D,Carrano R

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of chlormethiazole (CMZ) at single and multiple doses on the toxicokinetics of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was investigated in normal rats and those with DEN-induced liver fibrosis. Twelve rats were treated with DEN (50 mg/kg) alone and in combination with a single dose of CMZ (10, 50, or 100 mg/kg) by intrape...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Wang G,Xiao K,Gao J,Jiang S,Wang S,Weng S,Xu C,Wang T,Qiao HL

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to assess the compatibility, in terms of red blood cell acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, of ondansetron (OND; a 5-hydroxytryptamine subtype-3 receptor antagonist) with the organophosphorus pretreatment compound pyridostigmine (PYR) after simultaneous oral (p.o.) administration to g...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Capacio BR,Byers CE,Anderson DR,Matthews RL,Brown DE

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many pharmaceuticals are administered to children and adults as sprays provided in nebulizers or metered-dose inhalers. Stress associated with possible eye irritation and injury attributable to exposure to vapors and particulates during the required safety testing procedures of such medicines is a potential confoundin...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Rothenberg SJ,Martin MM,Sherer KI,Parker RM,Dearlove GE,Christian MS

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tricyclic antidepressant imipramine was instilled directly onto the lung surface of experimental rats in specific low doses (0.025 - 0.60 mg/kg body weight) and the animals were sacrificed at time intervals from 2 - 21 days after a single instillation. Such treatment caused changes almost exclusively confined to t...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Lewis RW,Harwood JL,Richards RJ

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro effect of methyl mercury (MM) and lead (Pb) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-specific glutamate receptor binding in neonatal (10 days old) and adult rat brain was investigated. The cerebral cortex was isolated from the neonatal and adult male Sprague-Dawley rats and the synaptic plasma membranes were prepar...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Rajanna B,Rajanna S,Hall E,Yallapragada PR

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) mandate protection of public health, welfare, and the environment at Superfund hazardous waste sites. The NCP requires lead response agenciesto integrate bas...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Fritz AT,Buchman MF

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lavender and immortelle essential oils (EOs) are widely used to treat a spectrum of human conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate cyto/genotoxic effects of lavender and immortelle EOs using plant cells (Allium cepa) and human lymphocytes, as well as their antimicrobial potential using nine strains of bact...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Mesic A,Mahmutović-Dizdarević I,Tahirović E,Durmišević I,Eminovic I,Jerković-Mujkić A,Bešta-Gajević R

更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study aimed at comparing the cytotoxicity of a new octenidine mouth rinse (MR) on gingival fibroblasts and epithelial cells using different established MRs. Octenidol (OCT), Chlorhexidine 0.2% (CHX), Meridol (MER), Oral B (OB), and control (PBS only) were used. Human primary gingival fibroblasts (HGFIBs) and huma...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Schmidt J,Zyba V,Jung K,Rinke S,Haak R,Mausberg RF,Ziebolz D

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to crude acetylene can occur in occupational settings. This study assessed the modulatory activities of selected polyphenols on the hematotoxic, cardiotoxic, and hepatotoxic effects of crude acetylene. Wistar rats were exposed to 58 000 ppm crude acetylene for 10 min at 12 h intervals for 30 days. Some expose...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Aladesanmi OO,Akinmoladun AC,Josiah SS,Olaleye MT,Akindahunsi AA

更新日期：2020-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Tempol (4-hydroxy tempo), a pleiotropic antioxidant is reported to afford protection against cisplatin (CP)-induced nephrotoxicity. However, molecular mechanisms of action of tempol in improving the renal function in CP-induced nephrotoxicity are not fully understood. We investigated the attenuating effect of tempol a...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Afjal MA,Goswami P,Ahmad S,Dabeer S,Akhter J,Salman M,Mangla A,Raisuddin S

更新日期：2020-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to aldehydes represents potential risks to human and animal health. Cyclic aldehydes such as benzaldehyde, 2-furaldehyde, and paraldehyde were found to induce formation of stable DNA-protein cross-links (DPXs) in cultured human lymphoma cells. A relationship between increased cytotoxicity and DPX formation wa...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Kuykendall JR,Jarvi EJ,Finley BL,Paustenbach DJ

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pachira aquatica is a species used for medicinal and food purposes and has numerous phytochemicals that may have systemic toxic effects and damage to genetic material. This study aimed to evaluate acute and short-term oral toxicity, as well as genotoxic and clastogenic effects of oil extracted from P. aquatica (PASO) ...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Marcelino JM,Villas Boas GR,Cunha M,Deus Júnior R,Castro LH,Araújo FH,Traesel GK,Dos Santos AC,Souza RI,Paes M,Gubert P,Guterres ZDR,de Lima FF,Silva T,Silva RC,Cardoso CAL,Argandoña EJ,Macorini LF,Oesterreich SA

更新日期：2020-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:During a preclinical safety evaluation study, an indication of ocular toxicity was noted in beagle dogs receiving orally (gelatin capsules) once a day, 7 days a week for, respectively, 7 and 91 days, 10 mg/kg/day of Lortalamine, a new non-tricyclic anti-depressant compound. Lortalamine treated dogs showed, progressive...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Mally C,Thiebault JJ

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cross-reaction patterns of selected acrylate and methacrylate esters were investigated using the guinea pig maximization test. Methacrylates were less potent sensitizers than acrylates. Cross-sensitization was found between (meth)acrylates with closely related core structures, most extensively between hydroxyethyl...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Clemmensen S

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short-term lymphocyte cultures from human peripheral blood samples were incubated with various aliquots of the carbofuran pesticide. After 48 h of initiation and 24 h of exposure to the carbofuran pesticide aliquots, it was seen that carbofuran caused an increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations, and the in...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Naravaneni R,Jamil K

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclododecatriene (CDDT, CAS No. 4904-61-4) was administered daily by oral gavage to groups of Crl:CD (SD)IGS BR rats at dose levels of 0 (control), 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg/day. Female rats were dosed for four weeks premating, through mating, gestation, and lactation (a total of 55 to 63 days of treatment). Male rats we...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Malley LA,Everds NE,Makovec GT,Kennedy GL Jr

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated the exposure of pyrethroids in the development of Alzheimer's type neurodegeneration by analyzing β- amyloid, tau and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) in adult Wistar rats. Forty adult Wistar rats (130-150 g) of both sexes were assigned into five groups (n = 8). Groups A-C were treated wi...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Iteire KA,Sowole AT,Ogunlade B

更新日期：2020-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The disposition of N-[14C-vinyl]-2-pyrrolidinone was studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats following a single iv injection. Plasma levels of the intact compound dropped rapidly within the first 6 hours after dosing with a half life of 1.90 hours. Urinary excretion by 12 hours represented 74.9% of a 5 microCi dose while ...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： McClanahan JS,Lin YC,Digenis GA

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent environmental toxin formed as an unintentional by-product of incomplete combustion. Several therapeutic approaches have evolved to combat its toxicity since it elicits immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, carcinogenicity and lethality. Search for dru...

journal_title：Drug and chemical toxicology

authors： Ilavarasi K,Chermakani P,Arif Nisha S,Sheeja Malar D,Pandima Devi K

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00